Horizontal design retained in expansion.
Architects capitalized on the cost and aesthetic advantages of a one-story adobe-style hospital while solving the problems of expansion, access,circulation, and security.
Arizona↗
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Results for “Hospital Distribution Systems”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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[West-Agder Central Hospital: 3 million saved "without saving"].
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Cost Control↗
[Epidemiology of Legionnaires' disease in Denmark. A comparative study].
An epidemiological study of Legionnaires' disease in Denmark is presented. A high incidence of apparently sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease in Denmark was found. The source of infection remains obscure in most cases. No outbreaks have been registered in Denmark, in contrast to most European countries. It is concluded that intensified surveillance, including monitoring of water distribution systems in hospitals, combined with an earlier etiological diagnosis might disclose more nosocomial cases.
Denmark↗
Medication errors in a multidose and a computer-based unit dose drug distribution system.
The medication error rates of a hospital's multidose and computer-based unit dose drug distribution systems were compared; in addition, the medication error rate of the unit dose system was compared to that reported for noncomputerized unit dose systems in other hospitals. Two similar adult, medical, patient care units, each serviced by a different drug distribution system, were studied for 60 days. Information about the medications administered was obtained by the disguised observation technique during intermittent periods. The observer's notations on the medications administered were compared to the physicians' orders to determine if errors had been committed. Only medication "errors of commission" were recorded. There were significantly fewer medication errors and significantly fewer medications administered at the wrong time in the unit dose system. The medication error rate associated with the unit dose system compared favorably with that of most other unit dose systems. No particular benefit, in terms of the medication error rate, was attributed to the computer element of the unit dose system.
Computers↗
Ecology of Legionella pneumophila within water distribution systems.
The reservoir for hospital-acquired Legionnaires disease has been shown to be the potable water distribution system. We investigated the influence of the natural microbial population and sediment (scale and organic particulates) found in water systems as growth-promoting factors for Legionella pneumophila. Our in vitro experiments showed that: (i) water from hot-water storage tank readily supported the survival of L. pneumophila, (ii) the concentration of sediment was directly related to the survival of L. pneumophila, (iii) the presence of environmental bacteria improved the survival of L. pneumophila via nutritional symbiosis, (iv) the combination of sediment and environmental bacteria acted synergistically to improve the survival of L. pneumophila, and (v) the role of sediment in this synergistic effect was determined to be nutritional. Sediment was found to stimulate the growth of environmental microflora, which in turn stimulated the growth of L. pneumophila. These findings confirm the empiric observations of the predilection of L. pneumophila for growth in hot-water tanks and its localization to sediment. L. pneumophila occupies an ecological niche within the potable water system, with interrelationships between microflora, sediment, and temperature.
Bacteria↗
Blood distribution systems and the exchange of information between hospital blood banks and regional blood centers.
The advantages and disadvantages of centralized or decentralized reactive or predictive blood distribution systems are presented. A decentralized, predictive distribution system, being used by the Long Island Blood Service Division of the Greater New York Blood Program is described and its applicability to most regional blood supply organizations is emphasized.
Blood Banks↗
Appraising your suture distribution system.
Devoting study to a minute part of its supply system has paid off in big dividends for Hutchison Hospital, an acute care hospital in central Kansas with 230 beds and an occupancy rate of 71%. In this article the author explains why other hospitals may find it profitable to take a close look at their suture distribution systems.
Equipment and Supplies, Hospital↗
Drug distribution: a philosophy.
Hospital pharmacy has made significant progress in the last two decades by any of a number of program evaluation methods. However equally apparent are our current deficiencies in the level of service provided in our drug distribution systems in Canadian hospitals. It is apparent that we will not be allowed to abrogate our responsibility any longer in that it is becoming recognized in medical, nursing and administrative circles that compounding and dispensing functions are clearly in the realm of a pharmacist's responsibility and these issues must be addressed if we can truly claim to be part of a world class health care system. Hospital pharmacists must take the initiative in accepting responsibility for chemotherapy preparations, I.V. additives and compounding as well as the adoption of a unit dose drug distribution system as a positive means to reduce medication errors. The report of the Hospital for Sick Children Review Committee makes it equally clear that society has expectations of an institutional pharmacy service that are considerably beyond that which we are accustomed to providing. The recommendations relating to pharmacy provide adequate support to facilitate the establishment of a contemporary drug distribution system in Canadian hospitals. Similarly the C.S.H.P. Standards of Pharmacy Practice and the Canadian Council on Hospital Accreditation Guidelines for Pharmacy Service offer additional "ammunition" for us individually and collectively to change the face of hospital pharmacy practice. The profession must take stock of its responsibilities before society insists that someone else take over where pharmacists have failed.
Canada↗
Integration of radiology and hospital information systems (RIS, HIS) with PACS: requirements of the radiologist.
PACS development has now reached a stage where it can clearly be stated that the technology for storage, networking and display in a fully digital environment is available. This is reflected by an already large and rapidly increasing number of PACS installations in USA, Western Europe and Japan. Such installations consist of a great variety of information systems, more or less interconnected, like PACS, HIS, RIS and other departmental systems, differing in both hardware and software. Various data - even if they only concern one person - are stored in different systems distributed in the hospital. The integration of all digital systems into a functional unit is determined by the radiologist's need of quick access to all relevant information regardless where it is stored. The interconnection and functional integration of all digital systems in the hospital determine the clinical benefits of PACS. This paper (1) describes the radiologist's requirements concerning this integration, and (2) presents some realistic solutions such as the Siemens ISI (Information System Interface), and a mobile viewing station for the wards (visitBox).
Austria↗
Comparison of medication errors in an American and a British hospital.
Medication errors in a hospital in the United States and a hospital in the United Kingdom were compared. The study was conducted in wards with a high oral-drug-related workload in two large university hospitals. The U.S. hospital was studied in August 1993 and the U.K. hospital in May and June 1993. The U.S. hospital had a typical unit dose drug distribution system, and the U.K. hospital had the ward-based system commonly used in that country, in which a pharmacist visits each ward several times daily and reviews each patient's medication chart. The medication chart is used by the physician to order drugs and obviates the need for transcription of orders. A disguised-observation technique was used to determine frequencies and types of medication errors. Medication errors were identified retrospectively in the U.S. hospital by comparing the observer's notes with the original drug orders made in the patient's chart by the physician. In the U.K. hospital, identification of errors took place concurrently; as doses were administered, they were compared with the orders on the medication chart. In the U.S. and U.K. hospitals, 919 and 2756 opportunities for error were observed, respectively. The medication error rate in the U.S. hospital was 6.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.2% to 8.5%), significantly higher than the 3.0% rate observed in the U.K. hospital (95% CI, 2.4% to 3.7%) (95% CI for the difference, 2.1% to 5.7%). Omitted doses and incorrect doses were the most common types of errors in the U.K. hospital; incorrect doses and unordered doses were the most common types in the U.S. hospital. An American hospital with a unit dose distribution system had a significantly higher medication error rate than a British hospital with a ward-based supply system.
Hospitals, University↗
A respiratory therapy unit dose system in a 500-bed hospital.
A comprehensive unit dose distribution system for respiratory medications is described with emphasis on generalized design principles. This system may be tailored to meet the needs of any institution. Methods for receipt and interpretation of the physician's orders, the profiling system, handling of initial orders, monitoring medications, preparation of unit dose respiratory medications, and routine distribution of orders are covered. This unit dose system allows the pharmacy to assume full responsibility for the procurement, storage, and distribution of all respiratory medication. The pharmacist can provide the respiratory therapist with standardized, sterile quality-controlled medications that are ready to administer. Controlled cost and equitable charging procedures are also provided.
Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over↗
Toxic shock syndrome: incidence and geographic distribution from a hospital medical records reporting system.
A large database of hospital records maintained by the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities Professional Activity Study (CPHA-PAS) was used to estimate the temporal incidence and geographic distribution of toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The CPHA-PAS hospital-diagnosed incidence was 3.5 times the reported TSS incidence, with a gradual decrease over the time period 1981-83. Marked differences in the regional occurrence of cases may provide clues to the etiology of this complex disease.
Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities↗
Neighborhood characteristics and hospital closures. A comparison of the public private and voluntary hospital systems.
This paper analyzes the neighborhood distribution of hospital closures in New York City between 1970 and 1981. Discriminant analysis procedures are used to compare the social, economic and health status characteristics of neighborhoods in which hospitals have closed with those of neighborhoods in which facilities have remained open. The results show that overall hospital closures have had a substantial distributional impact, with facilities in low-income, high infant mortality neighborhoods having the highest rates of failure. Closures of voluntary hospitals occurred most frequently in disadvantaged neighborhoods; whereas municipal and proprietary hospital closures showed no differential neighborhood impact. Implications for the geographical accessibility to various groups to health care and for the efficiency and cost of hospital services are discussed.
Catchment Area, Health↗
Multidisciplinary quality assessment of a unit dose drug distribution system.
A two-part multidisciplinary study was performed at a 531-bed community hospital to evaluate the unit dose drug distribution system. The first study identified the relative incidence of medication discrepancies between nursing administration records and what actually was delivered for the patient. The second study revealed the incidence of scheduled medications which were returned to the pharmacy unused. In both studies, the reason for each disparity was noted and tabulated. The results of each study were reviewed and specific corrective measures were developed for each problem area detected. Follow-up programs were also recommended to determine the effectiveness of the corrective measures. Other hospitals with unit dose systems may find these study results revealing and useful in evaluating their own distribution services.
Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over↗
Use of hospital corpsmen in a unit dose drug distribution system.
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Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
[An observation on methods of distribution of syringes in the hospital--the system of supplying a fixed number of syringes to hospital departments].
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Central Supply, Hospital↗
Distribution of work functions in hospital food systems.
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Administrative Personnel↗