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Mental health services for Medicaid enrollees in a prepaid group practice plan.

The authors present the patterns of utilization of mental health services of a low-income population in a prepaid group practice setting, the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York (HIP). Over a 6-year period, utilization rates for psychiatric consultations and mental health services by Medicaid enrollees rose to equal or exceed utilization by employed groups. The authors also provide evidence that psychiatric treatment reduces the use of other physician services, especially X-ray and laboratory services.

Adult↗

Reducing legal fees in medical group practices. The role of health care alternative dispute resolution.

Conflict is a growth industry, particularly in an increasingly complex health care system. Litigation is the most common, and most costly, method of settling health care disputes. Highly adversarial, the process of litigation often generates as much, if not more, hostility than the original dispute. In addition, satisfaction with the outcome is very low. The challenge that has arisen is to manage the conflicts so that the underlying needs and interests of all the parties can best be met. Often the techniques and processes of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) can be successfully used in resolving these sorts of conflicts quickly, cheaply and with greater satisfaction for all parties. Various applications of ADR are currently being used or tested in a variety of health care disputes in the United States and Canada. Tremendous success has been achieved in mediating medical malpractice claims, medical staff disputes, economic credentialing conflicts, insurer relations issues and denial of coverage disputes. Professional relations and departmental staff disputes, partnership and employee conflicts, and organizational disputes within clinics, HMOs and large group practices have all been found particularly amenable to ADR. These are all situations in which everyone benefits from quick, non-hostile resolutions and on-going relationships can continue.

Canada↗

After-hours calls: a five-year longitudinal study in a family practice group.

The provision of health care outside of regular hours is one of the major challenges in any primary care practice and an important focus of residency teaching in family medicine. In this study were studied the volume and pattern of after-hours calls in a residency based group family practice at the end of the first and fifth year of the practice's existence. During the five-year study interval, the number of registered patients in the practice tripled, whereas the number of scheduled patient visits doubled. After-hours phone calls increased 40 percent, visits 70 percent, and hospitalizations 50 percent. The distribution of calls during the week remained stable over the five-year period, and the problems prompting the calls changed little except for an increase in traumatic injuries and obstetrics, paralleling changes in the services offered by the practice. After-hours utilization decreased as a function of practice volume, suggesting that practice maturation decreases unscheduled demand for medical care. The burden of after-hours calls increased, however, because of the absolute growth in practice size. Residents handled the vast majority of the calls without consultation in both time periods. The rates and patterns of after-hours utilization are strikingly similar to those reported in other studies.

Academic Medical Centers↗

Prepaid group practice in a metropolitan area: Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York.

This article presents an overview of the benefits of prepaid group practice to the efficient delivery of medical care in a large metropolitan area. The management techniques of the Health Insurance Plan (HIP) of Greater New York are examined. Included is a short history of HIP, the problems it has faced, and how it overcame them.

Health Maintenance Organizations↗

Prepaid group practice effects on the utilization of medical services and health outcomes for children: results from a controlled trial.

A total of 693 children between the ages of 0 and 13 years were randomly assigned to either a staff model HMO or to one of several fee-for-service insurance plans in Seattle to evaluate differences in medical expenditures and health outcomes. Although the fee-for-service plans varied the amount of cost sharing (0% to 95%), all children were covered for the same medical services, for either 3 or 5 years. No differences in imputed total expenditures were observed for children assigned to the HMO or any of the fee-for-service plans. Children with cost-sharing fee-for-service plans, however, had fewer medical contacts and received fewer preventive services than those assigned to the HMO. Nonetheless, children with the cost-sharing fee-for-service plans were perceived (by their mothers) to be in better health overall than those assigned to the HMO. No significant differences regarding physiological outcomes (eg, visual acuity, hemoglobin level) were observed between the two groups. The results of this experiment neither strongly support nor indict fee-for-service or prepaid care for children.

Adolescent↗

How to lead a group--practical principles and experiences of conducting a promotional group in health-related physical activity.

In this article the different roles and styles of instruction for the leader of a promotional group in physical activity are described. The promotional group is defined as one in which group dynamics is used to its maximum in order to facilitate permanent change in the members' health-related physical activities. Thus e.g., the group forms its own goals on the basis of its members' individual needs and aspirations and the group members provide feedback, behavioural models and encouragement to each other in their pursuit of change. The leader-instructor works in a stepwise fashion from assessment to evaluation to reformulation of plans made and monitors closely the stages of adoption of physical activity in his or her group. As the group advances the instructor should be ready to transfer more and more responsibility to the members.

Adult↗

Balancing the budget in the specialty group practice clinical laboratory.

A four-physician group had developed a very successful practice model, but cost accounting was not well-developed as general ledger and accounts payable activities were performed using manual methods and financial statements were prepared on a spreadsheet program. The purpose of this case study is to describe the steps taken to develop a cost management system for the laboratory and the corrective action taken to reduce a loss from operations.

Accounting↗