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Health learning materials support in South Africa compared with other developing countries.

Actions to promote media use for education at all levels in developing countries have to cope with a number of deterrents like the lack of appropriate audiovisual materials and a media support infrastructure. In the early eighties the World Health Organization and United Nations Development Programme initiated a capacity building project to enable developing countries to generate sufficient instructional and learning materials for medical and health education. Since South Africa is still a non-participator in the programme, this article presents the findings of a recent survey to get a global picture of health learning materials support in developing countries as a possible model for South Africa.

Developing Countries↗

Challenging the future: impact of information technology on dietetics practice, education, and research.

As we look at our nation's drive for technological superiority, global interdependence, major demographic shifts, and changes in consumer values and expectations, it is obvious that these changes will have a profound effect on our profession. Our leaders must be direction setters, change agents, and mentors in helping our members understand the importance of becoming part of this information and technological revolution. Because people often cling to the security of the past, leaders will have to possess the ability to convince others that there is a need for change. We must assume the risks related to making today's critical decisions about the role of infotech to the future of our profession. As individual members and leaders, we must not deny the reality of the technology challenge.

Computer Systems↗

Education and the food-systems veterinarian: the impact of new information technologies.

Food systems educators face a double challenge: (1) the inherent change in scope and perspective from raising animals to producing safe food in an environmentally conscientious manner; and (2) the unprecedented demand for higher education, both nationally and internationally. In the modern world, small numbers of producers are capable of feeding a growing population. As demographics have shifted from rural to urban areas, more global livelihoods are derived from manufacturing and services than from agriculture. Education, as one of those services, is accounting for an increasing percentage of world trade, through the physical translocation of students and, more recently, through online education. Within the veterinary realm, colleges outside the United States seek accreditation to better compete for students, and there is increasing pressure from private schools. Today's food systems require a high level of veterinary expertise, with specialization in a particular production system as well as the ability to contribute as part of a larger team that can address economic, bio-security, biological-waste, animal-welfare, food-safety, and public-health concerns. The need for different expertise from food systems specialists (indeed, shortages of all types of veterinary specialists), combined with global competition in education, is a call to action for the veterinary profession. This is an opportunity to revisit and reorganize the delivery of veterinary education, making use of new collaborative technologies for greater efficiency and effectiveness.

Accreditation↗

Nursing students' attitudes toward technology: a national study.

Nursing students' predispositions toward technology may be a factor affecting their use of technology in educational and clinical settings. A national survey was conducted to collect attitudinal measures toward technology and data on technology instruction to assist educators with developing information technology curricula. Outcomes indicate an overall positive attitude toward technology; however, participants reports of formal education in the use of technology applications are low. This shortcoming should be addressed through enhancement of nursing core curriculum.

Adult↗

The impact of computers in dental education.

Computer technology is increasingly influencing many aspects of our lives and will continue to do so in the future. This paper discusses the impact of computers in dentistry; how their use is radically changing the way practices are run and the way under/postgraduate dental education is evolving, by incorporating computer-aided learning (CAL) material as an efficient and convenient educational tool. Greater computer literacy may result in a future where there is a shift away from traditional centres of learning to computer conferencing and distance learning.

Computer Communication Networks↗

In the realm of ideas: the advent of advanced surgery of the human cerebrum and neurosurgical education.

High technology has recently exerted remarkable positive forces within the field of neurological surgery. Striking developments in brain imaging, stereotaxy, molecular biology, radiation physics and complex data management promise to revolutionize surgery of the human cerebrum. These changes are not without profound impact on national health care economics and present enormous philosophical and educational challenges which will create considerable turmoil over the next decades.

Brain↗

Impact of new information technologies on training and continuing education for rural health professionals.

Recently developed and emerging information and communications technologies offer the potential to move the clinical training of physicians and other health professionals away from the resource intensive urban academic health center, with its emphasis on tertiary care, and into rural settings that may be better able to place emphasis on the production of badly needed primary care providers. These same technologies also offer myriad opportunities to enhance the continuing education of health professionals in rural settings. This article explores the effect of new technologies for rural tele-education by briefly reviewing the effect of technology on health professionals' education, describing ongoing applications of tele-education, and discussing the likely effect of new technological developments on the future of tele-education. Tele-education has tremendous potential for improving the health care of rural Americans, and policy-makers must direct resources to its priority development in rural communities.

CD-ROM↗

Instructional intranets in graduate medical education.

Changes in medicine, medical education, and technology have influenced graduate medical education (GME) and have altered many traditional concepts of resident training. Three issues in particular have led to changes. The first is the shortage of time that academic and community physicians have to devote to medical teaching because of the demands to bring in revenue through clinical practice. The second is the limited exposure that residents have to various medical conditions due to a shift in training venues from hospitals to ambulatory care settings. Last is residents' lack of training in using information technologies. The resultant deficits the exist in GME make it more difficult for residents to practice medicine in the most efficient manner. Hence, there is a need for health care professionals' education to address the coming demands of the 21st century. Instructional computer technology can be useful in bridging this gap. Intranets, internal organizational networks, are private versions of the World Wide Web that are often available only to members of a particular organization. This paper reviews changes in medicine and medical education, describes how instructional intranets can be incorporated into GME, and discusses the impact intranet and Internet technologies can have on GME.

Computer Communication Networks↗

Telecommunications and rural health care.

Telehealth has many applications, including the education and training of health professionals. This article describes the use of advanced telecommunications technology to educate family nurse practitioners in rural areas of Kansas. Four Kansas universities use compressed video technology (an interactive audio and video system) to offer five common core courses in primary care to students enrolled in FNP programs at the respective institutions. Using technology to educate FNPs in rural communities has resulted in a greater percentage of graduates (approximately 67% of 258 graduates) going to work in rural underserved communities. In addition to learning the course content, students learn to use technology as a tool to access telehealth information and services Knowing how to use these technologies provides greater opportunities to rural health care providers, as well as the recipients of health care.

Computer Communication Networks↗