Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Condom”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

The association between characteristics of dating relationships and condom use among heterosexual young adults.

Although there is some evidence that relationship-level factors influence sexual behavior, they have received far less attention than individual-level factors as potential correlates of condom use. This study surveyed 210 undergraduate men and women to examine the association between relationship characteristics and condom use. Higher levels of love, longer relationships and more serious and committed relationships were individually associated with less condom use. In a multiple logistic regression model controlling for HIV/sexually transmitted disease (STD) risk perception and contraceptive method, relationship length was the only relationship factor that independently predicted condom use (OR = .91; 95% CI = .84-.99). Use of a hormonal contraceptive method was negatively associated with condom use in the multivariate model (OR = .12; 95% CI = .06-.27), and mediated the association between relationship factors and condom use. Study results suggest that HIV/STD prevention interventions may be improved by addressing relationship characteristics, particularly the length of a dating relationship.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

Developing, implementing, and evaluating a condom promotion program targeting sexually active adolescents.

This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of the Condom Campaign, a 1995 HIV prevention program promoting condom use among sexually active adolescents in three King County, Washington, urban communities. This program employed three main strategies: (a) mobilizing all levels of the target communities to support and guide program development and implementation; (b) creating and implementing a mass media campaign targeting sexually active teenagers that promoted correct condom use and favorable attitudes toward condoms; and (c) recruiting public agencies, community organizations, and businesses to distribute condoms from bins and vending machines. We evaluated the program through a series of cross-sectional interviews conducted in the three communities chosen for their elevated levels of adolescent sexual risk behavior. Overall, 73% of target youth reported exposure to the Condom Campaign; exposure did not differ by age, gender, race, or level of sexual experience. Levels of sexual activity remained stable throughout the media campaign.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Short-term acceptability of the female condom among staff and patients at a New York City Hospital.

An acceptability study of the female condom undertaken at New York's Harlem Hospital between August 1993 and February 1994 enrolled 52 women aged 18-57, 41 of whom (79%) used the female condom at least once. Of these, one-half used the female condom at least three times and 40% used it once; on average, women used it 2.4 times. Two-thirds of users liked the female condom either very much or somewhat, 20% were neutral and 15% stated that they did not like it. One-half of the women reported that their partner liked the device, while 17% said he felt neutral about it and approximately one-quarter said he disliked it. Seventy-three percent of respondents and 44% of their partners preferred the female condom to the male condom.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

AIDS knowledge and condom use in a birth cohort of 16 year olds.

AIMS: The aims of this study were to examine levels of AIDS knowledge and contraceptive practices in a birth cohort of 16 year old Christchurch born children. METHODS: The study was based on the birth cohort of young people participating in the Christchurch Health and Development Study. At age 16 years 953 subjects were questioned about: (a) levels of AIDS knowledge using a 16 item AIDS knowledge questionnaire; (b) rates of sexual activity; (c) patterns of contraceptive use. RESULTS: Members of this cohort had a generally very high knowledge of AIDS with 92% of the sample responding correctly to 14 or more of the 16 AIDS knowledge questions. Just over a quarter of this sample were sexually active during their 16th year and it was estimated that condoms were used in 59% of all sexual acts reported by sample members. There was a clear tendency for rates of condom use to decline with increasing sexual experience with this decline being due to the fact that as teenagers become more sexually experienced condoms were progressively replaced by other contraceptive methods. Those with high levels of AIDS knowledge used condoms at a higher rate of those with low levels of AIDS knowledge even when due allowance was made for the frequency of sexual activity and other potentially confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that publicity and education about AIDS has been successful in producing high levels of knowledge about this condition in this cohort. However, this knowledge was not directly translated into high levels of condom use largely as a result of the fact that as teenagers became increasingly sexually experienced there was a tendency for condom use to be replaced by other methods of contraception and notably the contraceptive pill.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1997

Measurement of condom use self-efficacy and outcome expectancies in a geographically diverse group of STD patients.

The aim of this project was to conduct an initial evaluation among sexually transmitted disease (STD) patients of the psychometric properties of two instruments: the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) multisite condom use self-efficacy scale and the NIMH multisite condom use outcome expectancy scale. The condom use self-efficacy scale was designed to measure one's degree of confidence in various aspects of condom use, whereas the outcome expectancy scale was designed to measure one's belief about the consequences of using condoms. Using a sample of 641 patients from five geographically diverse STD clinics in the eastern United States, initial reliability coefficients were computed. The alpha coefficient for the self-efficacy scale was .91 and for the outcome expectancy scale .88, indicating high internal consistency for both scales. Both scales were analyzed using common factor analytic procedures. Five factors emerged from the analysis of the self-efficacy scale and six factors from the analysis of the outcome expectancy scale. Reliability coefficients for the individual factors ranged from .76 to .86. Construct validity of each scale was assessed by hypothesis testing. As predicted, participants with higher levels of self-efficacy and more positive outcome expectancies were more likely to use condoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors associated with use of the female condom.

Black, Hispanic and white women recruited for an HIV prevention intervention were instructed in the use of the female condom and encouraged to try the device. Of the 231 women who completed the intervention, 29% tried the condom over the course of a month; 30% of those who tried it used it during at least half of their sexual encounters. Both ethnicity and age were associated with trying the device: Nearly 40% of black women and 30% of Hispanic women did so, compared with 18% of white women; 37% of those aged 25-34 tried the female condom, compared with 22% of women younger than 25. Trying the device was more likely among women living with a partner, those with a history of sexually transmitted disease infection, women who had had an HIV test, those who did not believe that the method afforded them a greater degree of overall control than did the male condom and those who had no prior knowledge of the device. Among women who used the device during at least half of their sexual encounters, 27% were black and 44% were Hispanic: 38% were younger than 25, and 43% were single. More regular users were about half as likely as less regular users to experience difficulty with insertion and one-eighth as likely to report the device slipping during use; they were more likely than less regular users to report that sex was more pleasurable with the female condom than with the male condom.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Condom use in sexual exchange relationships among young single adults in Ghana.

This article discusses some personal and situational factors which hinder the use of condoms among young single adults ages 18 to 25 years engaged in sexual exchange relationships in a Ghanaian town. Based on focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, this article highlights some key impediments often not adequately discussed in the discourse on condom use but considered vital in any attempt to increase condom use and ultimately reduce HIV transmission. The includes the dilemma facing women who want to use condoms for HIV prevention in premarital sexual exchange relationships (quite different from prostitution) contracted with material gain in mind. Women may face the risk of losing material benefits from sexual exchange relationships if the man is unwilling to use condoms. It is recommended that HIV health educators must increase the involvement of young single adults in exploring these and situational impediments and together design interventions to improve condom use.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Use of condoms among the population of the Czech Republic: results of a national study].

Based on an anonymous survey, using questionnaires, in a representative group of the population of the Czech Republic above 15 years of age (862 men and 857 women) the authors investigated the use of condoms at the onset of sex life and with a steady and casual sexual partner. From the results ensues that the use of condoms in our population is lower than in advanced western European countries and the USA. During the first intercourse it was used only by 19% men and 14% women, in particular those of younger age groups. In a steady partnership two thirds of the respondents have experience with a condom, however, only one fifth uses it regularly. The position is similar during intercourse also with casual sexual partners, though the respondents use it more frequently. However not even then one third of men and almost half the women do not use protection by condoms. The most important influence on the reported use of condoms is exerted by the factors of sex (men, probably to appear socially in the most favourable light report its more frequent use) and age (condoms are used more frequently by younger men and women). In the Czech population the effect of religion and education is not important in this respect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Acceptability of the female condom among STD clinic patients.

This study examines the acceptability of the female condom among African American and Latino patients from two inner-city sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics through focus group discussions. Prior to the initial focus group sessions, 90% (n = 90) had heard about the female condom, 8% (n = 8) had seen it, and 2% (n = 2) had used it. Among the 41 participants (22 males and 19 females) attending a second focus group session, 85.4% (n = 35) had used the female condom at least once. Female study participants who had previous experience inserting a barrier contraceptive device, such as a diaphragm, indicated that they felt more comfortable inserting the female condom than those who had never used such a device. Male participants indicated that they were more comfortable using the female condom with their steady partners than with casual partners, whereas female participants indicated no such distinctions. These and other study findings suggest that need to promote and expand the use of the female condom as a device that protects women from STD transmissions including HIV and AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2003

Condom use promotes regression of human papillomavirus-associated penile lesions in male sexual partners of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Penile HPV-associated lesions are frequently seen in male sexual partners of women with CIN. The natural course and clinical significance of these lesions are unclear. Women with CIN and their male sexual partners were randomized for condom use (condom group n = 68, noncondom group n = 68). Males were screened for the presence of penile lesions, i.e., flat lesions, papular lesions and condylomata acuminata, and of HPV in their penile swabs by PCR testing. Median follow-up time was 13.1 months (range 2.9-57.4). The outcome of our study was clinical regression of penile lesions defined as disappearance of lesions at penoscopy. Potentially prognostic factors, i.e., HPV status, lesion type and age, were studied as well. Outcomes were assessed in 57 men of the condom group and in 43 men of the noncondom group. Condom use shortened the median time to regression of flat penile lesions (7.4 months condom group vs. 13.9 months noncondom group; HR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.7). This effect was not found for papular lesions (HR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.1-2.8). HPV-negative men showed a significantly shorter median time to regression of flat lesions (3.8 months) compared to men with either HPV-positive status (8.5 months; HR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9) or inconsistent HPV status (13.1 months; HR = 0.2, 95% CI 0.1-0.6). Regression of flat penile lesions is HPV-dependent and accelerated by condom use. This effect is probably the result of blocking viral transmission between sexual partners.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The effects of partner insistence of condom usage on perceptions of the partner, the relationship, and the experience.

The present study examined the effects of an individual insisting on condom usage on how he or she is viewed by their partner. Participants were led through a realistic role-play scenario in which, after dating a new partner for "a while", they engaged in sexual intercourse. Results were such that after first time sex, participants indicated feeling more responsible, less at-risk, and less worried when a condom was used than when no condom was used. Participants evaluated their partner as more responsible, more caring, and less likely to have a sexually transmitted disease when a condom was used. Further, when a condom was used, the relationship was evaluated as enhanced, closer, more intimate, and more likely to be long lasting. The insistence of condom use by the participant's partner also resulted in less guilt and regret regarding the sexual experience itself. These results generally held true for both male and female participants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Pregnant African-American teens are less likely than their nonpregnant peers to use condoms.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to prospectively compare pregnant and nonpregnant adolescents' recent condom use and sexually transmitted disease (STD) acquisition. METHODS: Sexually active African-American females (N = 522), ages 14-18, were recruited from clinics and schools. Adolescents completed baseline interviews and provided vaginal swabs for STD testing, and urine for pregnancy testing. Assessments were repeated 6 and 12 months post baseline assessment. Analyses compared adolescents who became pregnant between baseline and the 6-month assessment with their peers who had negative pregnancy tests. Condom use between the 6- and 12-month assessments and incidence of STDs at the 12-month assessment served as outcomes. Adolescents who did not report sexual activity between the 6- and 12-month assessments were excluded. RESULTS: Ten percent of the adolescents became pregnant and continued sexual activity. Pregnant adolescents reported less overall condom use (P < 0.0001), more infrequent condom use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.5, P < 0.001), and more unprotected vaginal sex (AOR = 4.7, P < 0.003). Pregnant adolescents were equally likely to test positive for STDs (31% vs 26%) and to self-report having STDs at the 12-month follow-up period (30% vs 23%). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that pregnant adolescents may be less likely to use condoms than their nonpregnant peers and that STD incidence among pregnant adolescents may be high. Condom use promotion may be important during adolescents' prenatal care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

A flow rate cut-off value as a criterion for the accurate non-invasive measurement of bladder pressure using a condom-type catheter.

We developed a condom-type catheter to non-invasively measure the bladder pressure during interruption of the flow rate. The aim of the present study was to establish a minimum flow rate value at which a reliable bladder pressure measurement can be made with this catheter. We reanalysed data from 43 patients who completed a pressure-flow study and a non-invasive test. The patients voided without straining. During the test, we simultaneously measured the bladder pressure (invasively) and the condom pressure (non-invasively). The pressure increase in the condom after interruption of the flow rate was analysed in 40 of the 43 patients. A plot of the difference between the bladder pressure and the maximum condom pressure as a function of the flow rate revealed that in 70% of the patients who voided with a maximum flow rate exceeding 5.4 ml/s, the condom pressure accurately reflected the bladder pressure (+/-14 cmH2O). We conclude that to accurately and non-invasively measure the bladder pressure with a condom-type catheter, the maximum flow rate should exceed 5.4 ml/s.

Catheterization↗
PubMed2005

Condom use at last sex among unmarried Latino men: an event level analysis.

Information about a specific sexual event can shed light on factors that facilitate or impede condom use. Data were collected by a random digit-dialing telephone survey of unmarried Latino adults in 10 states with large Latino populations. In multivariate analyses, among heterosexually active unmarried Latino men (n = 591), those who reported having a condom available, engaging in a conversation about condoms, having a non-steady, casual partner or a one-time partner, were more likely to use condoms. Men were more likely to use condoms when no other birth control was used or pregnancy was not possible than other men. Findings were similar for both low and high acculturated men. Interventions that increase condom availability may be particularly useful for reducing HIV risk among Latino heterosexual men.

Acculturation↗
PubMed2006

Feasibility and use of school-based condom availability programs in Tijuana, Mexico.

Condom availability programs (CAPs) may increase access to condoms and contribute to increased condom use among youth. This study describes the characteristics, degree of satisfaction, and gender differences among users of a CAP implemented in two high schools in Tijuana (Baja California, Mexico). A kiosk distributing free male condoms was set up in two high schools in Tijuana. Kiosk users (N=570) were more likely to be male, young, and/or enrolled in a lower SES school. Most kiosk users were either sexually active or planning to have sex. Females were less likely to request condoms and to continue using the kiosk, but more likely to request information on other contraceptive methods. Results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing CAPs in Mexican schools and suggest that these programs can improve adolescents' condom access.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Long-term female condom use among vulnerable populations in Brazil.

We carried out an evaluative study on factors associated with long-term use of female condoms for STI/HIV prevention. A total of 255 women and 29 men who were using female condoms for at least 4 months participated in qualitative/quantitative interviews. The study was conducted in six Brazilian cities. Four primary themes were identified as influencing acceptability and adoption of the female condom: (1) personal "assistance" (counseling) during the early adoption phase; (2) safety; (3) pleasure; and (4) increased sense of power for safer sex negotiation. Alternate use of male and female condoms was the norm among participants, but for approximately one third of the sample, the female condom was the preferred option for safer sex. The study findings suggest that providing clients with explicit and sustained intervention strategies may have a decisive influence on long-term adoption of female condoms.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Condom use measurement in 56 studies of sexual risk behavior: review and recommendations.

Despite numerous studies that measure self-reported condom use, there is currently no agreed upon "gold standard" in terms of the best way to assess condom use. The purpose of the current study was to review measures of self-reported condom use within correlational studies of sexual risk behavior, and to evaluate such measures on the basis of suggestions from the methodological literature. An additional purpose was to examine specifically whether measures published in the correlational literature have improved over time. A systematic review of studies was undertaken and specific review criteria were used to guide the inclusion of studies. A final set of 56 studies that contained 72 measures of self-reported condom use were included in the review. These measures were coded and evaluated on 12 dimensions, including measure type, number of response categories, recall period, sex partner specificity, and sex act specificity. Results indicated a great amount of diversity in terms of how condom use has been measured in the literature. Although results indicated that measures published between 1996 and 2003 were of higher quality on a number of dimensions as compared to 1989-1995, a number of these gains were minimal and in some cases measures have decreased in quality. The overall conclusion is that the sexual risk behavior literature should implement more of the recommendations made by methodological scholars in this area. Specific recommendations are summarized and presented in a way that may be helpful in guiding the development of future measures of self-reported condom use.

Condoms↗
PubMed2006

One measure, two motives. Prediction of condom use and interaction between two prevention goals among heterosexual young adults: preventing pregnancy and/or sexually transmitted diseases.

Although the dual function of condom use (preventing pregnancy and preventing STDs) is well known, little is known about the determinants of condom use for STD prevention when contraception is not an issue. We compared two intentions to use condoms with a new sex partner: one based on a vignette not mentioning pregnancy risk and one on a vignette explicitly stating there was no risk of pregnancy. We also investigated whether intentions to use condoms change when there is no pregnancy risk, to allow such changes to be predicted from an STD risk-perception perspective. This cross-sectional survey was completed by 151 undergraduate students. The correlation coefficient between the two intentions about condom use approached zero (0.02; p=.783). Logistic regression showed that two STD risk-perception variables distinguished between consistent and non-consistent reporters of their intention to use condoms. Findings are discussed from the perspectives of policy, methodology and theory.

Adolescent↗