Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Concurrent Review”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance. Cytologic criteria to separate clinically significant from benign lesions.

Histologic follow-up of the cervical-vaginal smear diagnosis of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) shows a broad spectrum of clinically significant (preneoplastic or neoplastic) and benign lesions. There are few statistical studies that have attempted to separate these AGUS categories based on select cytologic criteria. The authors retrospectively reviewed 116 AGUS without concurrent squamous dysplasia smears (66 clinically significant and 50 benign lesions), and used logistic regression analysis to identify the cytologic criteria of irregular nuclear membranes, atypical single cells, and decreased cytoplasm as useful in separating clinically significant from benign lesions. Using contingency tables, these criteria in combination had a sensitivity 29% and a specificity of 94% in the diagnosis of clinically significant lesions. If any single criterion was present, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 28%, respectively. In conclusion, by using key cytologic criteria, a percentage of benign AGUS lesions can be separated from clinically significant AGUS lesions.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1998

Phase II study assessing the feasibility of using elemental supplements to reduce acute enteritis in patients receiving radical pelvic radiotherapy.

From June 1994 through September 1995, 17 patients with gynecologic cancer were entered into a feasibility study using elemental supplements (ES) during the course of pelvic radiotherapy. The level of compliance with the ES regimen was evaluated by assessing sachet counts and patients' weekly diaries. Diaries were also used to assess compliance with a modified diet program. Bowel function in 45 patients receiving radiotherapy outside this study was assessed concurrently. All patients were reviewed weekly to record bowel function, which was also recorded 1 year after radiotherapy. After treatment of all patients the grade, duration of enteritis, need for antidiarrheal agents, and the likelihood of resolution at 1 year after radiotherapy were analyzed. The study used compliance with the ES regimen as its primary endpoint. Compliance with the ES regimen was achieved in 76.5% of patients, and compliance with the modified diet was achieved regardless of whether the ES was tolerated. Patients not complying with the ES, or who did not receive ES, had higher grade diarrhea, which was longer in duration and was less likely to have resolved than patients in the compliant group. Elemental supplements are well tolerated when taken during a course of pelvic radiotherapy and cause a mild diarrhea, which resolves after treatment has been discontinued. The lack of enteritis 1 year later in patients who complied with ES suggests that reducing the grade of acute enteritis might influence the appearance of later bowel effects.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Secretory diarrhea in Crohn's disease with concurrent giardiasis.

We describe two patients with Crohn's disease, secretory diarrhea, and concurrent giardiasis. As we review the pathophysiology of secretory diarrhea in Crohn's disease, we suggest that secretory diarrhea in Crohn's disease may be more common than has been believed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Enteric infection in relapse of inflammatory bowel disease: importance of microbiological examination of stool.

OBJECTIVE: Previous reports have suggested that diarrhoeal relapses of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be associated or confused with enteric infection, and that treatment of such infections with appropriate antibiotics may be beneficial. To re-evaluate the suggestion that enteric infection is rare and microbiological testing of stool not routinely necessary in patients presenting with relapse of IBD, we have reviewed the incidence of concurrent infection in patients presenting in relapse over a recent 5-year period. METHODS: Stool microbiology results relating to relapses of IBD during the period 1997-2001 were obtained retrospectively. Relapse was confirmed by standard clinical, sigmoidoscopic and laboratory criteria. RESULTS: During the period 1997-2001 there were 237 relapses in 213 patients. Enteric infection was found in 25 (10.5%) relapses in 24 patients; in seven patients, infection was associated with the initial presentation of their IBD. Clostridium difficile toxin was detected in 13 (5.5%) instances; the 12 other infections (5% relapses) were Campylobacter spp. (five), Entamoeba histolytica (three), Salmonella spp. (one), Plesiomonas shigelloides (one), Strongyloides stercoralis (one) and Blastocystis hominis (one). There was a significant association between infection and the need for hospital admission. Of the 13 relapses associated with C. difficile, ten were in outpatients, seven patients had undergone previous antibiotic treatment, and four patients were presenting with IBD for the first time. All relapses resolved satisfactorily after treatment with antibiotics with or without corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of enteric infections, of which C. difficile was the most common, indicates that all patients presenting with relapse of IBD should have stool examined microbiologically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Epidermolysis bullosa and aplasia cutis.

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa with aplasia cutis occurring in a male infant is described. The association of these two rare conditions is reviewed. Reports of the concurrence of large areas of congenital absence of skin, particularly on the lower limbs, in patients with several different types of epidermolysis bullosa suggest that areas of congenital absence of skin in these patients are an initial manifestation of the bullous disease rather than a distinctive entity.

Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica↗
PubMed2005

Intracranial EEG substrates of scalp EEG interictal spikes.

PURPOSE: To determine the area of cortical generators of scalp EEG interictal spikes, such as those in the temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS: We recorded simultaneously 26 channels of scalp EEG with subtemporal supplementary electrodes and 46 to 98 channels of intracranial EEG in 16 surgery candidates with temporal lobe epilepsy. Cerebral discharges with and without scalp EEG correlates were identified, and the area of cortical sources was estimated from the number of electrode contacts demonstrating concurrent depolarization. RESULTS: We reviewed approximately 600 interictal spikes recorded with intracranial EEG. Only a very few of these cortical spikes were associated with scalp recognizable potentials; 90% of cortical spikes with a source area of >10 cm(2) produced scalp EEG spikes, whereas only 10% of cortical spikes having <10 cm(2) of source area produced scalp potentials. Intracranial spikes with <6 cm(2) of area were never associated with scalp EEG spikes. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral sources of scalp EEG spikes are larger than commonly thought. Synchronous or at least temporally overlapping activation of 10-20 cm(2) of gyral cortex is common. The attenuating property of the skull may actually serve a useful role in filtering out all but the most significant interictal discharges that can recruit substantial surrounding cortex.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed2003

Gastral antral biopsy in the differentiation of pediatric colitides.

OBJECTIVES: Differentiation of Crohn's disease (CD) from ulcerative colitis (UC) is problematic, primarily when inflammation is confined to the colon. In a historical cohort study, we evaluated the usefulness of baseline gastric antral biopsies in the differentiation of pediatric chronic colitides. METHODS: During initial investigation for suspected inflammatory bowel disease, 39 children and adolescents with colitis but normal small bowel radiography underwent pretreatment upper endoscopy concurrently with colonoscopy. Two reviewers assigned a colonoscopic diagnosis (colonic CD, UC, or indeterminate colitis) based on the macroscopic and microscopic appearances of the colonic mucosa. Antral histological findings were compared between groups using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Five (14%) of colonoscopic diagnoses (four indeterminate, one UC) were changed to CD by the finding of granulomatous inflammation in antral biopsies. Nonspecific antral gastritis was found in similar proportions of children and adolescents with Crohn's colitis and UC (92% vs 75%). Focal antral gastritis was more common in patients with Crohn's colitis than UC (52% vs 8%). CONCLUSIONS: Nonspecific antral gastritis is common in all forms of chronic colitis. Nevertheless, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsy is useful in the differentiation of inflammatory bowel disease confined to the colon, particularly when colonoscopic findings are indeterminate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Sector retinitis pigmentosa and chronic angle-closure glaucoma: a new association.

3 sisters with sector retinitis pigmentosa are presented; 2 had coexisting chronic angle-closure glaucoma. The clinical findings including visual fields and electrophysiologic tests, are summarized. The association of retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma is reviewed, and the interesting concurrence of these rare diseases is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Concurrent therapies: a model for collaboration between psychoanalysts and other therapists.

Many psychoanalysts treat individuals who are simultaneously in couples therapy or whose partners are in individual therapy. If such cases stall, some analysts may seek consultation from a colleague, though most have accepted the tacit historical prohibition against communication between therapists treating members of the same family. Experience, however, suggests that a certain form of communication between such therapists can have a powerfully enhancing effect on the concurrent therapies. After a review of the literature, the advantages, disadvantages, and impediments to collaborative cross-communication are examined. A model is then presented for use in ongoing discussion between therapists, and is illustrated with two clinical examples. The proposed model centers on the transference-countertransference configurations within the therapeutic field, and serves as an organizer highlighting areas for discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Compatibility of intravenous drugs in a coronary intensive care unit.

In a coronary intensive care unit (CCU) it is often necessary to utilize extensive pharmacologic interventions and multiple intravenous medications in order to stabilize a critically ill patient. However, the necessity of several intravenous infusions often presents the problem of compatibility of these medications when infused within a common line. The pharmacist must possess adequate skill to identify potential incompatibilities by retrieving information on the physical and chemical compatibilities of various intravenous medications. In a critical care setting, time is an important factor, and information that can be obtained rapidly and reliably is vital for the pharmacist to prevent the administration of an irritating substance or a medication that has undergone deterioration as a result of chemical inactivation. A compatibility table containing the most commonly used drugs in a CCU has been developed based on currently available literature, including standard reference texts, about these medications. The table outlines the potential for interactions, within a single intravenous line, when several drugs are infused concurrently. In addition, a review of the concepts of physical and chemical incompatibility is presented. The stability of an admixture is defined utilizing requirements established in the USP NF monographs and manufacturers' specifications. The resulting table concisely organizes vital information in a form that allows rapid, accessible information to the pharmacist in a critical care setting, where it is most needed.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1997

Nifedipine interaction with tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the possible drug interaction between nifedipine and tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was done comparing two groups of liver transplant recipients. The starting time for comparison was the same after transplant. One group (n = 22) consisted of hypertensive patients who were treated with nifedipine; the other group (n = 28) did not receive nifedipine. The two groups were compared over 1 year. The effect of nifedipine on tacrolimus was measured in terms of tacrolimus whole blood trough concentrations, daily tacrolimus dosages, and cumulative tacrolimus dosages at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. All patient charts were reviewed with regard to concurrent medication that could affect the metabolism of tacrolimus and eventually affect tacrolimus concentrations and dosages. DATA COLLECTION: All required information was retrieved from medical records. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between daily dosage requirements of tacrolimus at 90 (p = 0.03), 180 (p = 0.004), and 365 (p = 0.0004) days between the nifedipine and no-nifedipine groups. The tacrolimus daily dosage in the nifedipine group was decreased by 26%, 29%, and 38% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively, compared with the dosage of the no-nifedipine group. Statistically significant differences in cumulative dosages of tacrolimus were observed at 180 (p = 0.02) and 365 (p = 0.003) days between the nifedipine and no-nifedipine groups, with cumulative dosage reduction of 25% and 31% by 6 and 12 months, respectively, in the nifedipine group compared with the no-nifedipine group. CONCLUSIONS: Nifedipine decreased the daily and cumulative dosage requirement of tacrolimus. The interaction observed between nifedipine and tacrolimus is the first reported in humans and is clinically important. As a result of this drug interaction, it is recommended that blood concentrations of tacrolimus be monitored during coadministration of these drugs and that the tacrolimus dosage be adjusted accordingly.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Pulmonary complications associated with illicit drug use. An update.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: In earlier years, nonopportunistic infectious pulmonary complications of illicit drug use were most common. We designed this study to update the pulmonary complications associated with illicit drug use in the 1990s. DESIGN: Concurrent and retrospective chart review. SETTING: Inner-city municipal hospital. PATIENTS: All illicit drug users with pulmonary complications seen by the pulmonary consult service were enrolled in the study. There were 105 hospital admissions of 97 patients in a 14-month study period. RESULTS: Sixty percent of the patients had HIV infection. The most common pulmonary complications were Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (30%) followed by community-acquired pneumonia (12%) and tuberculosis (9%). CONCLUSIONS: The spectrum of pulmonary disease in illicit drug users has changed since 1988. Opportunistic HIV-related disease is much more common. Community-acquired pneumonia and tuberculosis remain relatively frequent complications. Septic pulmonary embolism is now rare.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2000

Prognostic role of pericardial fluid cytology in cardiac tamponade associated with non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY OBJECTIVES: Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening complication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Malignant pericardial effusion signifies advanced disease, but the significance of a negative pericardial fluid cytology in patients with advanced lung cancer is still controversial. The differential diagnosis of cytology-negative pericardial effusion is difficult and sometimes impossible. The purpose of this study is to determine the prognostic role of pericardial fluid cytology in patients with NSCLC and cardiac tamponade. DESIGN: Retrospective review of patients with concurrent NSCLC and cardiac tamponade over a 10-year period. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty-two patients were included in this study. Pericardial fluid cytology was positive in 60 patients and negative in 22 patients. The overall median survival was 74.5 days, and 1-year survival was 7.3%, with no survival difference between the two groups (p = 0.2506). However, there was a significant survival difference after different treatment strategies. Patients receiving systemic chemotherapy survived longer than those receiving local therapy (p<0.001), and these patients, in turn, survived longer than those receiving supportive treatment (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: When patients have concurrent advanced NSCLC and cardiac tamponade, the most likely cause of the pericardial effusion is the cancer itself, regardless of the results of the cytologic examination. Our results suggest that systemic chemotherapy might prolong survival in such patients, but further prospective, randomized study is necessary.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

The Lap-Band system in a North American population.

BACKGROUND: European and Australian results with laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) using the Lap-Band (Inamed Health, Santa Barbara, CA) have been impressive, with over 100,000 procedures completed at this writing. However, prior to U.S. FDA approval in June 2001, U.S. patients had to travel out of the U.S. for this procedure. This study reports on a series of U.S. patients who requested off-shore referral for LAGB placement. METHODS: 105 U.S. patients were implanted with the Lap-Band System in Mexico by one surgeon in a private practice. 70% were implanted with the perigastric approach, while the final 30% were implanted using the pars flaccida approach. Routine postoperative visits, including band adjustments, were completed in a private U.S. clinic where medical staff performed frequent small adjustments as necessary to optimize results. Data were collected from concurrent and retrospective chart reviews and from telephone interviews. Summary statistics provided for baseline measures included mean +/- standard deviation. Postoperative measures of weight loss included mean +/- standard error. RESULTS: Weight loss results were comparable to international results: 61% EWL at 12 months (n=50), 75% EWL at 24 months (n=37), 72% EWL at 36 months (n=24), and 60% EWL at 48 months (n=7). There were few major complications. CONCLUSION: Attention to patient management is essential to success, and this study found that appropriately-managed U.S. LAGB patients can be as successful as their international counterparts. Frequent follow-up delivered by a bariatric team with easy access to band adjustments is essential.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomographic evidence of bulla effusion in cats with sinonasal disease: 2001-2004.

BACKGROUND: Sinonasal disease is common in cats; chronic inflammatory disease and neoplasia are diagnosed most frequently. Radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) findings in nasal disease have been reported, although involvement of other cranial structures has not been fully described to our knowledge. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that neoplastic or inflammatory obstruction of the auditory tube associated with sinonasal disease could result in CT evidence of effusive bulla disease in affected cats. ANIMALS: 46 cats with sinonasal disease, 18 control cats. METHODS: CT images acquired in cats with (n = 46) and without (n = 18) sinonasal disease were reviewed for evidence of concurrent bulla effusion. CT findings of soft tissue or fluid opacity within the tympanic bulla or thickening of the bone of the bullae were considered evidence of effusive bulla disease. RESULTS: The prevalence of bulla effusion in cats with sinonasal disease was 28% (13/46) and was significantly higher than that observed in cats without sinonasal disease (1/18, P = .043). CT findings that were found in association with effusive bulla disease included imaging features of sinusitis and nasopharyngeal disease. The most common neoplasm associated with bulla effusion was nasopharyngeal lymphoma. Bulla effusion was not observed in any cat with nasal carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Findings of this study suggest that auditory canal dysfunction may play a larger role in feline sinonasal disease than was previously recognized. The implications of these findings for management of cats with chronic inflammatory or neoplastic sinonasal disease require further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concurrent endoscopic sinus surgery and rhinoplasty.

BACKGROUND: Concerns over increased surgical risk and associated complications have been reported regarding concurrent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and rhinoplasty procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall safety of these concurrent procedures in our experience. METHODS: A chart review was performed on 48 consecutive patients undergoing concurrent ESS and rhinoplasty between January 1998 and January 2005 with a mean follow-up of 12 months. The extent of surgical procedures, revisions required, and postoperative complications were documented. RESULTS: Thirty-one (65%) women and 17 (35%) men ranging in age from 16 to 56 years with a mean age of 37 years were included in this study. Forty-five patients (93.7%) underwent a primary rhinoplasty procedure, whereas the other three (6.3%) underwent a revision rhinoplasty. Four patients required minor rhinoplasty revision procedures for a rhinoplasty revision rate of 4/48 or 8.3%. Complications noted in three separate cases included partial nasal obstruction, pain near osteotomy site, and localized infection for a complication rate of 3/48 or 6.3%. CONCLUSION: In this study, rhinoplasty revisions did not appear to be related to the fact that ESS was performed at the same time as rhinoplasty. In addition, the only complication possibly attributed to a combined approach was a postoperative infection that developed in an insulin-dependent diabetic patient who underwent a rhinoplasty for functional reasons. Consequently, we recommend screening patients with poor wound healing factors in addition to those with acute exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis or severe chronic rhinosinusitis before performing concurrent ESS and rhinoplasty. In our experience, complications noted during concurrent ESS and rhinoplasty were minor, indicating the overall safe nature of this combined procedure when performed in appropriate patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immune abnormalities in schizophrenia: evidence for the autoimmune hypothesis.

The autoimmune basis for schizophrenia has been investigated for the last 60 years. Although numerous immune abnormalities have been reported, the current literature is viewed with much skepticism because most of the studies have failed to control for extraneous factors that may have influenced the findings. Principally, antipsychotic medication, duration of illness, and current clinical state (acutely psychotic or remitted) may considerably alter immune response, as may other factors such as nutritional status, substance abuse, and concurrent medical illness. We review recent studies that employed current diagnostic criteria and modern immunologic techniques. (These studies were located by use of a Medline search on the terms schizophrenia and psychosis, cross-referenced with immune abnormalities, lymphokines, antibodies, lymphocytes, HLA, and medication, and by perusing the reference lists in the articles found through this search.) Immune abnormalities that have been replicated in studies of schizophrenic patients include increased prevalence of antinuclear antibodies, decreased production of interleukin-2, and increased serum concentrations of interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-6. Given the current importance of autoimmunity as an etiologic mechanism in several branches of medicine, further studies are needed, especially those having a longitudinal design and including drug-naive patients.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗