Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Appendix”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Carcinoid of the appendix in incarcerated femoral hernia].

Carcinoid tumor can be found in the appendix in approximately 20% cases of all carcinoids located in gastrointestinal tract, which represents the main site involved by 75% of all carcinoids. Primary carcinoid of appendix has been found in 0.5% of all appendectomies. Femoral hernia is also rather rare pathology occurring among all hernias in less than five percent cases. We describe clinical observation of an exceptional combination of these two pathological entities presented as unexpected appendiceal carcinoid found within the incarcerated femoral hernia.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Malignant disease of the appendix].

The authors shows case report 81 old patient, underwent surgical treatment on Surgical Clinic KBC DR Dragisa Misović because of malignant appendix. Primary symptoms of illness was acute abdomen. Histology confirm nature of illness. The authors discusses about different types of malignant appendix and ways of their treatment, and propose operative procedures which are need to be done in these cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carcinoid of the appendix. Clinical report of 3 cases and diagnostic and therapeutic considerations].

The Authors report three cases of carcinoid of the appendix and discuss the difficult preoperative diagnosis and the different therapeutic options available. Over the period from January 1994 to December 1999, in the Surgery Unit of Penne Hospital, 424 appendicectomies were performed in 182 males and 242 females (age: 12-86 years; mean age: 39.9 years). In three cases the histological response was positive for carcinoid of the appendix. No postoperative mortality or morbility were reported. The authors analyze the biological peculiarities and the prognostic factors associated with appendiceal carcinoid tumours, such as tumour size and the lymphatic or vascular infiltration of the mesoappendix (and the corresponding more aggressive surgical treatments) and recommend an appropriate postoperative follow-up since synchronous or metachronous bowel carcinomas are likely to occur. Pharmacological therapy has also made important progress, with the possibility of administering compounds capable of interfering with tumour development and neoplastic growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Tumors of the appendix].

Neoplasms involving the vermiform outgrowth are among the rarely met with conditions, accounting for 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of all gastrointestinal tract tumors. This is a report on personal observation of three patients presenting tumors of the appendix, diagnosed over the period 1987 to 1995. As shown by the results, tumors of the appendix run a clinical course characterized by two distinct forms: clinical picture of acute appendicitis--two cases, and clinical picture of tumor of the colon--one case. It is underscored that intraoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. The diagnosis is usually made by pathoanatomist, while the therapeutic approach and operative tactics are determined on the ground of histomorphological study results and local operative status. The scope of operative intervention includes appendectomy and right hemicolectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A case of primary mucus secreting adenocarcinoma of the appendix.

Primary mucus secreting adenocarcinoma of the appendix is a rare finding, one in 2500 cases of intestinal malignancies. This is a report of a young man with vague abdominal symptoms for about two years followed by appendicitis. Interval appendectomy revealed a neoplasm of the appendix. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of mucus secreting adenocarcinoma and right hemicolectomy was done.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Puetz-Jeghers syndrome involving appendix.

Puetz-Jegher's syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease, which is characterized by hamartomatous polyposis and mucocutaneous pigmentation mainly over the circum-oral region. Patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome seek medical attention whenever there are complications such as intussusception, bleeding from the polyps, etc. Occasionally, gastrointestinal tract malignancies have been reported in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. In this paper, we report a patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome who had multiple complications and polyposis involving the appendix, because involvement of the appendix is extremely rare in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix].

The authors report a case of a male 86 years old patient with peritoneal pseudomyxoma associated to cystoadenoma of the appendix. Preoperative CT scan showed the presence of a mass in the appendiceal site containing a gelatinous fluid collection and calcifications. Notwithstanding, diagnosis of pseudomyxoma was preoperatively considered less probable due to the rarity of the affection and the advanced age. At laparatomy was revealed the presence of the large mass observed at CT scan, involving the caecum and occupying the retroperitoneal space along the ascending colon. Mucinous ascites was present without invasive mucinous implants in the peritoneum. Operation consisted in a right hemicolectomy with total removal of the retroperitoneal mass and evacuation of the mucinous ascites. Histology confirmed the clinical diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei associated to cystoadenoma of the appendix. The case is of paradigmatic interest as being quite correspondent to the classical Ronnett's definition of pseudomyxoma: a clinicopathological entity characterized by mucinous ascites and non-invasive mucinous implants with a characteristic distribution and containing histologically benign mucinous epithelium derived from an appendiceal mucinous adenoma and having a benign course. According to such definition, the authors stress the importance of an appropriate classification of the observed cases of pseudomyxoma, under whose term is often collected a heterogeneous group of pathological lesions, in order to better evaluate the prognosis and treatment.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix. The controversy persists: a review.

Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the appendix continue to engender considerable debate in their diagnosis, management, and role in pseudomyxoma peritonei. This review addresses ongoing controversies with these unique neoplasms. Case reports and institutional series of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma were retrieved from the literature using Medline Search (1985-1996) using the following key words: appendix; mucinous cystadenocarcinoma; pseudomyxoma peritonei. 284 patients with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma were identified. Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom and objective preoperative diagnosis was difficult. There were 22 patients with concomitant appendiceal and ovarian mucinous neoplasms. Sixty-seven patients presented with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and pseudomyxoma peritonei. However, a unified definition of pseudomyxoma peritonei was lacking. The recurrence rate was higher when an appendiceal neoplasm was associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei. In the reported literature, about an equal number of patients were subjected to appendectomy alone or right hemicolectomy. However, there was a survival advantage for right hemicolectomy versus appendectomy alone. Management of disseminated pseudomyxoma peritonei remains controversial. Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma appears to be a spectrum of low-grade malignant tumors. For correct diagnosis, a high index of suspicion must be maintained. The appropriate treatment for a patient with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma should be a right hemicolectomy. Aggressive debulking may improve survival when associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei. A better definition of pseudomyxoma peritonei is needed. In evaluation of different treatment modalities and prognosis, patients should be grouped according to underlying primary pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A new technique for resecting the non-inflamed not-adhesive appendix through a mini-laparotomy with the aid of the laparoscope.

A new technique for appendicectomy is described. Following detailed laparoscopic inspection of the abdomen, the appendix is pulled out with a laparoscopic forceps through a small incision in the right lower abdomen; it is then skeletized. Following ligation with catgut and nylon, the appendix is severed using the thermocautery. The stump is subjected to careful after-coagulation or treated with iodine, and repositioned. Only the skin is sutured.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed2004

Adenocarcinoid of the appendix: is right hemicolectomy necessary? A meta-analysis of retrospective chart reviews.

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of simple appendectomy versus right hemicolectomy in the treatment of localized adenocarcinoid of the appendix. A literature review of retrospective chart reviews from 1966 to March 1, 2003, was performed. Outcomes of retrospective chart reviews were assessed on the basis of treatment modality. Meta-analysis of studies by determining odds ratios for appendectomy versus extended resection using the Hunter-Schmidt meta-analytic method was performed. One hundred patients from 13 studies met inclusion criteria. Seven per cent failure rate with appendectomy alone and 10 per cent with extended resection were observed [OR 1.9 (0.6-5.8); association chi2 1.15, 1 df, P = 0.28]. Our data supports the use of appendectomy alone in localized cases of adenocarcinoid of the appendix provided there is no cecal involvement and the tumor's histology is low grade.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Pseudomyxoma peritonei usually originates from the appendix: a review of the evidence.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare condition, said to be more common in females during the fourth or fifth decade of life with an incidence believed to be in the region of one per million per year. Although PMP has been reported as originating from many intra-abdominal organs, in the majority of cases an ovarian or appendix cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma has been implicated as the primary site. Our experience suggests that most cases arise from the appendix. We have reviewed the clinical and scientific evidence. In the four largest reported series of 393 patients, 181 (46%) were males. Immunohistochemistry techniques in women with both appendical and ovarian tumours favour an appendiceal primary in most cases. The distinction between "benign" adenomucinosis and mucinous adenocarcinoma is important in both treatment and prognosis. Experience suggests that there may well be a spectrum of disease and possibly an "adenoma carcinoma sequence".

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Distant metastasis from a carcinoid tumor of the appendix less than one centimeter in size.

The presentation and management of a patient with liver metastasis from a 0.6 cm carcinoid tumor of the appendix is presented. This is the first documented case of distant metastasis from a carcinoid of the appendix less than 1 cm in size. Histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies support the appendiceal carcinoid as being the primary neoplasm. Invasion of the mesoappendix was the only finding to suggest potentially aggressive behavior. We reviewed the literature and found 414 previously reported cases that provided complete information regarding tumor size, mesoappendiceal invasion, and presence of metastasis. For the entire group the frequency of metastasis was related to tumor size greater than 2 cm (p less than 0.0001) and invasion of the mesoappendix (p less than 0.0001). After dividing the group based on size, mesoappendiceal invasion was related to metastasis in those tumors less than 2 cm in size (p less than 0.0001) but not in tumors larger than 2 cm (p = 0.1538).

Appendiceal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Primary adenocarcinoma of the vermiform appendix: a case report.

Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix is rare, and since Berger first recognised the neoplasm in 1882, fewer than 250 cases have been recorded. Adenocarcinoma of the appendix is never suspected pre-operatively, being usually first discovered by histological examination. Ileocaecal resection during the first operation and right hemicolectomy for a carcinoma diagnosed after appendicectomy remain the main stay of treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix].

The authors published experience with the treatment of four patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix and an analysis of 20 patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix treated in the North Moravia region during a ten-year period (1980-1989). The incidence of the disease is rare. Usually it is manifested by symptoms imitating acute appendicitis. In exceptional instances there are other symptoms such as melaena, invagination, infiltration of neighbouring organs etc. Only rarely the disease is diagnosed during appendectomy. Most frequently an adenocarcinoma of the colonic type is involved with a tendency of rapid local spread. In that case right-sided hemicolectomy is the method of choice. In exceptional instances simple appendectomy is sufficient (mucinous type of adenocarcinoma, Dukes A). In advanced stages of the disease a palliative surgical operation may frequently suffice. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be always considered with regard to the stage of the disease and the general state of the patient. The prognosis is similar as in adenocarcinoma of the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Carcinoid tumors of appendix: treatment and outcome.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and histopathological features and the treatment of carcinoid tumors of the appendix. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records and pathology specimens of patients with carcinoid tumor of the appendix has been done. The data derived from this study has been evaluated by descriptive statistical methods (mean, SD, frequency). RESULTS: The histopathological examination of the appendices revealed carcinoid tumor in 11 out of 6777 (0.16%) patients operated for acute appendicitis. Six (54.54%) patients were male, 5 (45.45%) were female and the mean age was 20.2+/-6.7 years (13-35). The tumor was localized in the distal 1/3 region in 10 patients and in the proximal 1/3 region in 1 patient. The mean tumor diameter was 0.73+/-0.36 cm (0.3-1.5). Ten patients had classical type carcinoid tumor whereas goblet cell carcinoid tumor was only seen in one patient. None of the patients underwent an expanded resection. The mean follow up of the patients is 28.5+/-15.2 months (6-48), and no recurrences were seen. CONCLUSION: In tumors with a diameter of 1 to 2 cm, appendectomy is the treatment of choice. No recurrence was detected with tumors smaller than 2 cm with simple appendectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Mucus-secreting tumors of the appendix: a preoperative diagnosis is possible. Apropos of 2 cases].

The authors present two cases of pseudo tumoral type Mucus Secreting Tumours (MST) of the appendix. In this type (32% of the cases), the clinical presentation, barium enema, ultrasonography and most importantly CT scan generally confirm the preoperative diagnosis. We found three advantages this preoperative diagnosis. 1) Primarily it allow selection of a large surgical approach that permits full exploration of the abdominal cavity especially the ovaries (2-18% associated lesions); 2) also it allows a histopathological examination (frozen section) of the appendix to be performed during the operation; 3) and finally the surgical treatment will depend on the operative findings and the result of the histopathological examination: in the benign forms simple appendicectomy will be sufficient but the malignant forms (12% of the cases) should be treated by right hemicolectomy.

Appendiceal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Carcinoid of the vermiform appendix. Description of three clinical cases and review of the literature.

Carcinoids of the appendix represent a separate class of tumours with characteristics that vary between benign (adenomas) and malignant (carcinomas) neoplasias. A recent nomenclature identifies them as diffuse neuroendocrine system (DNS) and/or, parallely, as neuroendocrine tumours (NET): the gastroenteric tract is the site of about 64.3% of carcinoids, followed by the respiratory tract with 25.3%. Among the gastrointestinals, tumour of the small intestine is the one with the highest incidence with 28.5%, followed by the appendix with 4.77%, the rectum with 13.6% and the stomach with 4.6%. Carcinoid of the colon has an incidence of 8.62%, with the caecum which alone represents 34.5% of colic localisations. The 3 cases described are an example of the behavioural unpredictability of intestinal carcinoids. The first case is that of a female patient in whom the primary tumour was only discovered after liver metastasis was documented. The second case regards a girl who, at admission, presented a picture of acute abdomen with the symptomatological characteristics of acute appendicitis. She was submitted to an appendicectomy. Subsequent investigations carried out in the postoperative period documented the presence of liver metastasis at the V and VI liver segments. The last case, similar to the second from certain points of view, shows the need to carry out a right hemicolectomy with removal of locoregional lymphnodes in the event of an appendicular carcinoid >2 cm. Both laboratory and instrumental examinations contribute to the diagnosis of intestinal carcinoid. The main laboratory examinations are based on the measurement of serotonin and urinary 5-hydroxy-indolacetic acid. First level instrumental examinations for the diagnosis of intestinal carcinoid are represented by CT with and without contrast medium, diagnostic endoscopy and, to better highlight the presence of locoregional metastases, scintigraphy with octreotide and PET. An alternative treatment of liver metastases other than surgery is most certainly chemoembolisation. This latter treatment has also proved very effective as a neoadjuvant treatment for liver metastases before subjecting the patient to liver resection. Treatment with somatostatin, on the other hand, proved effective in controlling tumour secretion, so attenuating the inconveniences of carcinoid syndrome.

Journal Article↗