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PubMed1991

A summary index for the assessment of quality of life in angina pectoris.

When exploring the effects of anti-anginal therapy on quality of life (QL), it is essential to use concise, reliable, outcome measures which focus on those aspects of the disease which are affected by the anginal pain, and which are expected to be responsive to medical intervention. Analysis based on a single comprehensive index is preferable to the use of several indexes as it avoids the potential for conflicting inferences from multiple comparisons. In this paper, we describe the development of a QL index which summarizes the three questionnaires used in the North Karelian Quality of Life (KarQuol) study. The summary index (SI) will be used to compare transdermal and oral nitrate therapy in patients with angina pectoris, and represents the first stage in the construction of a disease-specific evaluative index for future trials.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2003

Automatic concept extraction from spoken medical reports.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this project is to investigate methods whereby a combination of speech recognition and automated indexing methods substitute for current transcription and indexing practices. METHODS: We based our study on existing speech recognition software programs and on NOMINDEX, a tool that extracts MeSH concepts from medical text in natural language and that is mainly based on a French medical lexicon and on the UMLS. For each document, the process consists of three steps: (1) dictation and digital audio recording, (2) speech recognition, (3) automatic indexing. The evaluation consisted of a comparison between the set of concepts extracted by NOMINDEX after the speech recognition phase and the set of keywords manually extracted from the initial document. The method was evaluated on a set of 28 patient discharge summaries extracted from the MENELAS corpus in French, corresponding to in-patients admitted for coronarography. RESULTS: The overall precision was 73% and the overall recall was 90%. Indexing errors were mainly due to word sense ambiguity and abbreviations. A specific issue was the fact that the standard French translation of MeSH terms lacks diacritics. A preliminary evaluation of speech recognition tools showed that the rate of accurate recognition was higher than 98%. Only 3% of the indexing errors were generated by inadequate speech recognition. DISCUSSION: We discuss several areas to focus on to improve this prototype. However, the very low rate of indexing errors due to speech recognition errors highlights the potential benefits of combining speech recognition techniques and automatic indexing.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2002

The structure of science information.

The organization of information within science can be investigated in a principled way through analysis of science language. The restricted use of language in science enables description of the informational structure of science and of particular subfields, with strong similarities to structures in mathematics and programming languages. This result rests on decades of research into the relation between form and content in language, based on an information-theoretic approach to the structure of information. Examples are provided from immunology and the social sciences. Practical applications include storage of science information in databases, indexing the literature, and identification and resolution of controversy.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The development of a discharge planning index for use in a pediatric acute burn unit.

The purpose of this study was to develop a discharge planning index for use in a pediatric acute burn unit. The study sample consisted of 59 health professionals from a pediatric burn hospital who had worked at least one year with children with acute burns and their families in discharge planning. With the use of the Delphi technique, a three-round survey was conducted. A Pediatric Acute Burn Discharge Planning Index that consists of 75 items was developed on the basis of the items that received a mean score of 5.0 or greater in the third survey. The data were further analyzed with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient to compare the top 23 rank-ordered items rated by the nursing department with those rated by the other departments surveyed. The rank-order correlation showed a positive correlation between the nursing department's and other departments' responses. These results indicate that all health team members agree on the importance of assessing the items listed on the derived index before discharging a pediatric patient with acute burns.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1994

Identifying relevant studies for systematic reviews.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the sensitivity and precision of Medline searching for randomised clinical trials. DESIGN: Comparison of results of Medline searches to a "gold standard" of known randomised clinical trials in ophthalmology published in 1988; systematic review (meta-analysis) of results of similar, but separate, studies from many fields of medicine. POPULATIONS: Randomised clinical trials published in 1988 in journals indexed in Medline, and those not indexed in Medline and identified by hand search, comprised the gold standard. Gold standards for the other studies combined in the meta-analysis were based on: randomised clinical trials published in any journal, whether indexed in Medline or not; those published in any journal indexed in Medline; or those published in a selected group of journals indexed in Medline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Sensitivity (proportion of the total number of known randomised clinical trials identified by the search) and precision (proportion of publications retrieved by Medline that were actually randomised clinical trials) were calculated for each study and combined to obtain weighted means. Searches producing the "best" sensitivity were used for sensitivity and precision estimates when multiple searches were performed. RESULTS: The sensitivity of searching for ophthalmology randomised clinical trials published in 1988 was 82%, when the gold standard was for any journal, 87% for any journal indexed in Medline, and 88% for selected journals indexed in Medline. Weighted means for sensitivity across all studies were 51%, 77%, and 63%, respectively. The weighted mean for precision was 8% (median 32.5%). Most searchers seemed not to use freetext subject terms and truncation of those terms. CONCLUSION: Although the indexing terms available for searching Medline for randomised clinical trials have improved, sensitivity still remains unsatisfactory. A mechanism is needed to "'register" known trials, preferably by retrospective tagging of Medline entries, and incorporating trials published before 1966 and in journals not indexed by Medline into the system.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1997

ADM-INDEX: an automated system for indexing and retrieval of medical texts.

ADM-INDEX is a system for indexing and retrieval of Patients Discharge Summaries (PDSs) by using linguistic methods (morphologic, syntaxic and semantic processing). The ADM-INDEX knowledge base is a restructuring of a diagnostic aid knowledge base (ADM) in order to allow the linguistic analysis of medical texts. The ADM system is a comprehensive medical knowledge base which has been developed since 1972 at the University Hospital of Rennes and which has been the first professional videotex medical diagnostic aid in France. After linguistic analysis, ADM-INDEX build the index table with thesaurus wording, medical words, concepts and phrases, unknown words contained in each PDS. The benefit of using those different elements is to improve information retrieval. Although our system is constructed with the ADM dictionary, it can be easily applied to other medical nomenclature or thesaurus. In this paper, we present on the one hand the ADM-INDEX knowledge base which is constituted by rules, a dictionary and a thesaurus, and on the other hand, the process of indexing and retrieval information.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2003

Automated indexing of the Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB).

The Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB), produced and maintained by the National Library of Medicine (NLM), contains over 4600 records on potentially hazardous chemicals. To enhance information retrieval from HSDB, NLM has undertaken the development of an automated HSDB indexing protocol as part of its Indexing Initiative. The NLM Indexing Initiative investigates methods whereby automated indexing may partially or completely substitute for human indexing. The poster's purpose is to describe the HSDB Automated Indexing Project.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1967

An index to medical book reviews: a computer experiment.

The experimental production of an index to book reviews of medical publications is described. Details of compilation and preparation of data for processing by an IBM 1440 computer are outlined. Results of a survey testing the response to the index in its present form by medical libraries are presented.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1997

Mapping the literature of radiologic technology.

While analysis of the literature of radiology has been conducted in the discipline, none of the studies have focused on identifying the core journals. The bibliometric method was used to conduct research to identify the core journals in the radiologic technology field and determine the extent of indexing of those journals. This study was a part of Medical Library Association (MLA) Nursing and Allied Health Resource Section's project to map the literature of allied health. Findings indicate that there is a small core of literature with a heavy reliance on the journal literature. Books are used to a lesser extent. The majority of the citations analyzed were published during the fourteen years between 1980 and 1993. MEDLINE and EMBASE provided the best indexing coverage of the radiologic technology literature; minimal coverage was provided by the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and HEALTH.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1997

Mapping the literature of respiratory therapy.

Little research has been conducted on the characteristics of the literature of respiratory care. The bibliometric method was used to identify the core journals in the discipline and the extent of indexing of those journals. This study was a part of Medical Library Association (MLA) Nursing and Allied Health Resources Section's project to map the literature of allied health. Findings indicate that the research writings of the discipline cite journal articles most heavily, with the majority of the citations published between 1980 and 1993. The literature has a small core of cited journals with a wide dispersion. MEDLINE and EMBASE provided the best indexing coverage of the literature, and minimal coverage was given by the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and HEALTH.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2002

Validity of information on comorbidity derived rom ICD-9-CCM administrative data.

BACKGROUND: The comorbidity variables that constitute the Charlson index are widely used in health care research using administrative data. However, little is known about the validity of administrative data in these comorbidities. The agreement between administrative hospital discharge data and chart data for the recording of information on comorbidity was evaluated. The predictive ability of comorbidity information in the two data sets for predicting in-hospital mortality was also compared. METHODS: One thousand two hundred administrative hospital discharge records were randomly selected in the region of Calgary, Alberta, Canada in 1996 and used a published coding algorithm to define the 17 comorbidities that constitute the Charlson index. Corresponding patient charts for the selected records were reviewed as the "criterion standard" against which validity of the administrative data were judged. RESULTS: Compared with the chart data, administrative data had a lower prevalence in 10 comorbidities, a higher prevalence in 3 and a similar prevalence in 4. The kappa values ranged from a high of 0.87 to a low of 0.34; agreement was therefore near perfect for one variable, substantial for six, moderate for nine, and only fair for one variable. For the Charlson index score ranging from 0 to 5 to 6 or higher, agreement was moderate to substantial (kappa = 0.56, weighted kappa = 0.71). When 16 Charlson comorbidities from administrative data were used to predict in-hospital mortality, 10 comorbidities and the index scores defined using administrative data yielded odds ratios that were similar to those derived from chart data. The remaining six comorbidities yielded odds ratios that were quite different from those derived from chart data. CONCLUSIONS: Administrative data generally agree with patient chart data for recording of comorbidities although comorbidities tend to be under-reported in administrative data. The ability to predict in-hospital mortality is less reliable for some of the individual comorbidities than it is for the summarized Charlson index scores in administrative data.

Abstracting and Indexing↗