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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Clinical aspects of Kaposi's disease].

Three forms of Kaposi's sarcoma are now described: European and Mediterranean forms; they have been described first, are more frequent in old people, and characterised by angiomatous plaques and nodules; the evolution is slow with relapses and remissions. African forms. They are more frequent in young people; clinical features are different with verrucous and tumoral aspects; the evolution is the same with relapses and remissions. In Eastern Africa forms involvement of the lymph nodes are seen; the evolution is rapid above all for children beneath 10. American forms. They appeared recently, in 1981. They are seen in young homosexuals, middle aged about 32, and related to A.I.D.S.; the evolution is severe without remissions and with visceral involvement. If you compare those 3 different forms, you can see that only when associated with A.I.D.S. Kaposi's sarcoma present a complete and permanent immunodeficiency.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

[A one-stage combined approach to tumors in the anterobasal portions of the third ventricle].

Regardless of the current progress in microneurosurgery, the operative management of tumors in the third ventricle is associated with a number of difficulties, and poses a serious challenge to surgeons. A numerous group of neoplasms with the aforementioned location are characterized by developmental course with secondary involvement of the III ventricle. Usually, it is a matter of tumors with suprasellar evolution (craniopharyngiomas, hypophyseal adenomas etc), penetrating through lamina terminalis and growing within the cavity of the ventricle. Radical removal of some of these tumors requires a many-staged approach--basal and transventricular--undertaken at different periods of time. The analysis covers five patients presenting tumors of the III ventricle--4 craniopharyngiomas and 1 dermoid cyst--where single stage basal (across lamina terminalis) and direct (transcallosal or across the lateral ventricle) access to the third ventricle is gained. The situations where such an approach is practicable, the peculiarities of the surgical technique, and the treatment results are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Evolution of peripheral lung adenocarcinomas: CT findings correlated with histology and tumor doubling time.

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the evolution of peripheral lung adenocarcinomas using CT findings and histologic classification related to tumor doubling time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were 34 patients, each with an adenocarcinoma smaller than 3 cm. All patients underwent chest radiography and 10 of them had previously undergone CT more than 6 months before surgery. Tumor doubling time was estimated by examining sequential radiographs using the method originally described by Schwartz. Tumor growth was also observed by studying the changes on CT in the 10 patients who had previously undergone CT. The histologic classification (types A-F) was evaluated according to the criteria of Noguchi et al. RESULTS: Five (83%) of the six adenocarcinomas with tumor types A or B showed localized ground-glass opacity on high-resolution CT. All six tumors had a tumor doubling time of more than 1 year. Fifteen (71%) of the 21 tumors with type C showed partial ground-glass opacity mixed with localized solid attenuation on high-resolution CT. Ten (48%) of these 21 type C tumors had a tumor doubling time of more than 1 year. In types B and C, the solid component or the development of pleural indentation and vascular convergence increased during observation before surgery. All seven tumors with types D, E, and F showed mostly solid attenuation, and the tumor doubling time was less than 1 year in six (87%) of the seven tumors. CONCLUSION: Two main types of peripheral lung adenocarcinoma exist. The first type appears on CT as a localized ground-glass opacity with slow growth, and the other appears as a solid attenuation with rapid growth.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

[Epulis in a newborn. histogenetic comparison with a granular cell tumor in adults].

The congenital granular cell tumor is a rare lesion of newborns located on the alveolar ridge with a marked predilection for female infants. Histologically these tumors are characterized by large eosinophilic granular cells, similar to granular cell tumors in adults which are often seen as Abrikossoff tumors. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the different histogenesis and evolution of both these tumor entities. We report on a female newborn infant with a congenital epulis of the left anterior maxillary alveolar ridge. This case demonstrates a rare congenital tumor of newborns and reveals the histogenetic differences to granular cell tumors in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effects of tumor cell culture supernatants on macrophages.

It is proved that supernatants of various tumor cell cultures, as well as cell-free ascitic fluid and sera from tumor bearing animals induce the detachment of macrophages from glass, the loss of their ability to form pseudopodia, the inhibition of their migration and the permeability alteration of their membranes. The cytotoxic effect is not produced by normal tissues, excepting placenta. The effect of tumor cell culture supernatants depends on the characteristic evolution time of each tumor; irradiation diminishes this effect. The involvement of macrophages in immune surveillance and response makes the results interesting for the tumor-host immune relation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Phyllodes tumor: histology and behavior].

The present study compares the biological behavior of a phyllode tumors to its histological characteristics. Traditional concepts are still valid since 100% of the tumors with severe atipicity recurred, while 76.9% of those with minimal atipicity did not. In certain cases, histological details provided the explanation for the evolution of the tumor. On those recurs cases with minimal atipicity 66.6% were treated with conservative surgery, probably with insufficient removal of healthy tissue to ensure that no tumor was left. No histological explanation was found for the rest of recurrences. However, they could be caused by the tendency of the tumor to grow with the same histological elements in multiple areas of the same or the opposite mammary gland. As previously demonstrated by other authors, the prognostic importance of the search for other histological features, such as number of mitosis, microscopical margins of the tumor, stromal overgrowing, necrosis, appearance of the epithelial component and the area with the most cellularity. It is suggested that all these features should be determined in each case of the phyllodes tumor.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Lymphomas in immunocompromised hosts].

Congenital and acquired states of immunodeficiency are associated with an increased incidence of ill-defined lymphoproliferations. These are mainly B-cell, often extranodal, lymphoproliferations commonly associated with EBV. Their incidence is increasing with the rapid development of organ transplantation and spreading of the HIV infection. The association with EBV partly explains the pathogeny of these affections. This ubiquitous virus immortalizes B lymphocytes in vitro and is tumorigenic for new world primates. An EBV-specific cytotoxic T-cell memory prevents uncontrolled proliferation of infected B cells in normal subjects after the primary infection. The X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by an abnormal immune responsiveness to EBV, resulting in fatal infectious mononucleosis and malignant lymphoma. The severe immunosuppression present in transplanted patients allows EBV infected cells to proliferate, giving rise to a spectrum of lymphoproliferations. Reduction of immunosuppression alone is, in some cases, sufficient to produce tumor regression. The evolution of these affections is difficult to predict and requires a combined biological and clinical analysis, in order to evaluate the aggressivity of the tumor and the ability of the immune response of the host. HIV infected patients have an increased risk of developing Burkitt's lymphomas which are associated with EBV in 50% of the cases. Patients with AIDS at an advanced stage, present immunoblastic large cell lymphomas associated with EBV, similar to the post-transplant lymphomas. Lymphoproliferations in immunodeficiencies constitute a model for evaluation of the interaction between EBV and the immune system.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Malignancy may contribute to rapid evolution.

Characteristics of malignant tumors, including anaerobic metabolism and metastases to lung, liver, bone and brain, may permit the enhanced survival of edited parts of the genome during periods of rapid environmental change. Carcinogenesis may be partially analogous to fossilization.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed2026

Stress-driven strategic games in cancer.

Tumor cells face chronic genotoxic, metabolic, hypoxic, and immune stress that shapes their evolution. While stress-response molecular pathways are well characterized, cancer biology lacks a predictive framework for how cells select among alternative adaptive strategies and how these selections interact to produce tumor-level behavior. We propose that evolutionary game theory, previously applied to cooperation in cancer, should be extended to position stress adaptation itself as the organizing principle of tumor evolution. In this framework, stress-adaptive strategies constitute frequency-dependent games whose payoffs depend on population composition. We introduce a three-level distinction between cell states (transcriptional snapshots), game states (local configurations of stress and neighbor composition that define the active payoff structure), and cell strategies (conditional behavioral policies mapping game states to fitness-relevant outputs). This perspective explains the maintenance of intratumor heterogeneity through frequency-dependent selection, the reversibility of resistance through bet-hedging dynamics, and therapy resistance as an equilibrium outcome rather than genetic inevitability. Integrating insights from single-cell genomics, spatial profiling, and lineage tracing, we outline testable predictions and experimental approaches for measuring payoff structures. Therapeutically, the framework suggests exploiting adaptive trade-offs, restricting phenotypic plasticity, and reshaping competitive landscapes. Re-framing cancer as an evolving game of stress adaptation provides a unifying structure for predictive oncology.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Bone marrow mastocytosis associated with an undifferentiated extramedullary tumor of hemopoietic origin.

The case of a 62-year-old man who presented with acute abdominal pain and a widespread tumor involving the retroperitoneum is described. Three weeks after initial presentation, the patient died suddenly of acute cardiac failure with signs of arrhythmia. Autopsy revealed a disseminated tumor with infiltration of the retroperitoneal fat, as well as nodules in the left testis and the right atrium. The tumor cells were reactive for CD45, vimentin, and chloroacetate esterase, but were unreactive with a broad spectrum of antibodies against myelomonocytic and lymphocytic antigens and with antibodies against tryptase and c-kit (CD117), which are characteristic markers for mast cells. However, the bone marrow exhibited the typical picture of mastocytosis, with disseminated clusters of differentiated spindle-shaped cells that stained strongly for tryptase, c-kit, and chloroacetate esterase. No infiltrates of well-differentiated mastocytosis could be detected in any of the extramedullary tissues investigated. A diagnosis of bone marrow mastocytosis with an associated undifferentiated extramedullary tumor of hemopoietic origin was established. By definition, the extramedullary tumor could not be diagnosed as a granulocytic sarcoma or (differentiated) mastocytoma, but the possibility that a mast cell progenitor could be involved in the evolution of both tumors cannot be ruled out.

Bone Marrow Diseases↗
PubMed1982

[Muco-epidermoid tumors and acinic cell tumors of the parotid gland].

Mucoepidermoid and acini cel carcinoma of the salivary glands are relatively rare and have a tendency to recur locally and sometimes metastasize to lymph nodes and at a distance. Such an evolution is difficult to predict even if one uses anatomo-pathological criteria, which explains the uncertain prognostic of these neoplasms and the difficulty encountered in establishing their therapy. Seven cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and five cases of acinic cell carcinoma are reported with statistical, clinical, and anatomo-pathological data. The evolution of these tumors are studied according to the therapy used, which leads us to establish a therapeutic protocol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The tumor microenvironment: a critical determinant of neoplastic evolution.

Evolution of neoplastic cells has generally been regarded as a cumulative intrinsic process resulting in altered cell characteristics enabling enhanced growth properties, evasion of apoptotic signals, unlimited replicative potential and gain of properties enabling the ability to thrive in ectopic tissues and in some cases, ability to metastasize. Recently however, the role of the neoplastic microenvironment has become appreciated largely due to the realization that tumors are not merely masses of neoplastic cells, but instead, are complex tissues composed of both a non-cellular (matrix proteins) and a cellular 'diploid' component (tumor-associated fibroblasts, capillary-associated cells and inflammatory cells), in addition to the ever-evolving neoplastic cells. With these realizations, it has become evident that early and persistent inflammatory responses observed in or around many solid tumors, play important roles in establishing an environment suitable for neoplastic progression by providing diverse factors that alter tissue homeostasis. Using cutaneous melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma as tumor models, we review the current literature focussing on inflammatory and tumor-associated fibroblast responses as critical mediators of neoplastic progression for these malignancies.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Breast cancer in a patient under levodopa treatment.

A case history of a patient who developed mammary cancer (T1N1bMo) after 5 1/2 years of continuous treatment with Levodopa for Parkinson's disease is presented. The prolactin inhibition by the Levodopa was verified, and the clinical and mammographic growth, the doubling time, and the labeling index of the tumor were determined. The results were not significantly different than those obtained from patients with breast cancer not under treatment with Levodopa. The rapid growth and evolution of this tumor suggests that prolactin does not have an inducer or promoter effect in mammary cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2003

p53 and cyclin D1 as prognostic factors in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Proteins p53 and cyclin D1 play a crucial role in cell cycle control. Protein p53 mutations are one of the most common genetic alterations in human cancer, and cyclin D1 gene amplification has been found to be associated with poor prognosis in different types of tumors. Functional alterations of these proteins may play an important role both in the carcinogenesis of squamous carcinomas of the head and neck and in the clinical evolution of these tumors. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether the presence of p53 and/or cyclin D1 proteins (detected by immunohistochemical analysis) could serve as relevant variables for the assessment of the prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective multicentric study. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens from 62 human epidermoid laryngeal carcinomas were randomly selected. The expression of p53 and cyclin D1 was examined by means of immunohistochemical analysis with a view to evaluating whether there is a correlation between the aberrant expression of these proteins and disease prognosis. RESULTS: In the sample, the presence of immunohistochemically detectable p53 is associated with shorter survival and disease-free intervals, as shown in Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis. Indeed, multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the accumulation of p53 is an independent prognostic factor, which is associated with shorter survival. This association was not evident in the case of cyclin D1. CONCLUSION: A more precise prognosis of patients with laryngeal epidermoid carcinomas could be achieved by taking into account the presence of p53 (as assayed by immunohistochemical analysis) in biopsy tissue

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Adult testicular pure yolk sac tumor.

Here we describe the clinical, ultrasonographic and histological features of a rare pure adult yolk sac tumor detected in the right testis of a 44-year-old male. Due to the rarity of this neoplasm (less than 10 cases have been reported), there is no unanimous consensus for therapy following inguinal orchiectomy. We believe that nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection could be potentially curative and useful for future interpretations of this tumor's potential evolution.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Possibility of using 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors differing from pheochromocytomas].

The results obtained using 131I-MIBG to diagnose different neuroendocrine tumors in 17 patients are discussed. In 8 of the neuroblastomas studied the examination gave a wide spectrum of scintigraphic results according to the various stages of evolution of the tumors, thus supplying additional useful information for metabolic treatment. Contradictory data were obtained in 5 cases of medullary cancer of the thyroid. The overall results were unexpectedly negative for 2 carcinoid tumors and, as expected, negative for 2 ganglioneuromas. These data confirm that 131I-MIBG is a non invasive, reliable and easy-to-perform technique which is no longer limited to the diagnosis of pheochromocytomas, but can also be used for the diagnosis of other tumors derived from neural crest cells.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1983

Clonal evolution in a human neuroblastoma.

Tumor samples, obtained from a single patient at two points in his illness, have enabled us to study clonal evolution in a neuroblastoma. Cells from the primary tumor demonstrated considerable heterogeneity in terms of chromosome number; cells from 4 subsequent metastases were all nearly diploid; and cells from a tumor produced in a mouse by the injection of cells from the primary tumor were hypotriploid in modal number. All of the tumor samples contained the same marker chromosome rearrangements, indicating their origin from a common precursor. Each of the cell lines analyzed (including those from the patient's metastases, those from the tumor in a mouse, and those from the primary tumor after 11 months in continuous culture) also contained different and distinguishing chromosome abnormalities. The differences in karyotype among these tumor samples and cell lines presumably reflect the different selection pressures at work in each instance.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗