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PubMed2005

[Review articles--to write, to read or to throw away?].

The author comments on the value of review articles, narrative and systematic, to both the reader and to the writer. Based on personal experience he advocates the publication of reviews in the local medical journal for greater impact. Review articles should not be underrated by academic institutions as they often serve as the major source of continued education to the general practitioner and to the non-academic-affiliated specialist.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of impingement syndromes in the overhead-throwing athlete.

OBJECTIVE: We outline impingement entities, describe the history and physical examination, and provide an overview of treatment beyond that routinely used in glenohumeral and scapulothoracic dysfunction. BACKGROUND: In the athlete, pain and dysfunction due to excessive overhead use or abnormal positioning of the shoulder is common and can result from multiple etiologies, including impingement syndromes. Primary, secondary, internal, and coracoid impingement have all been described. DESCRIPTION: These entities will be discussed, including pathology, evaluation, and treatment. CLINICAL ADVANTAGES: Incorporating a systematic evaluation and treatment of impingement syndromes optimizes care for the patient with shoulder pain.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1992

Medial instability of the elbow in throwing athletes. Treatment by repair or reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament.

From September 1974 to December 1987, seventy-one patients were operated on for valgus instability of the elbow. The average length of follow-up of sixty-eight patients (seventy operations) was 6.3 years (range, two to fifteen years). At the operation, a torn or incompetent ulnar collateral ligament was found. Fourteen patients had a direct repair of the ligament, and fifty-six had a reconstruction of the ligament using a free tendon graft. The result was excellent or good in ten patients in the repair group and in forty-five (80 per cent) in the reconstruction group. Seven of the fourteen patients who had a direct repair returned to the previous level of participation in their sport. Of the fifty-six who had a reconstruction, thirty-eight (68 per cent) returned to the previous level of participation. Twelve of the sixteen major-league baseball players who had a reconstruction as the primary operation (no previous operation on the elbow) were able to return to playing major-league baseball, and two of the seven major-league players who had a direct repair returned to playing major-league baseball. Previous operations on the elbow decreased the chance of returning to the previous level of sports participation (p = 0.04). Fifteen patients had postoperative ulnar neuropathy. This was transient in six patients, only one of whom was unable to return to the previous level of sport. The other nine patients had an additional operation for the neuropathy; four were able to return to the previous level of sport.

Adult↗