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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Collecting data on alcohol use and alcohol-related victimization: a comparison of telephone and Web-based survey methods.

OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, personal contact with an experienced interviewer has been thought to facilitate collection of data on alcohol use and victimization experiences. Recent studies indicate that Web-based surveys may be an efficient alternative for gathering these sensitive data. To date, telephone interviewing and Web-based collection of data on alcohol-related negative consequences, particularly victimization, have not been compared. This study was designed to compare data from an interviewer-administered and Web-based survey on alcohol use and alcohol-related negative consequences in a sample of college women. METHOD: Seven hundred women from a second semester freshmen college class were randomly selected to participate in either the telephone interview or Web-based modes of survey administration. RESULTS: Fifty-three percent of invited women (N = 370) completed the survey. Completion rates were higher, and estimated dollar costs were significantly lower, for the Web-based survey. There were no differences in reported rates of alcohol or drug use by survey method; however, there were differences in several specific alcohol-related negative consequences. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that, for college women, Web-based surveys versus telephone interviews can be an effective and more cost-efficient means for collecting data on alcohol use and related negative consequences, particularly victimization. In addition, we found some evidence that women may be more forthcoming when responding to a Web-based survey as compared with an interviewer-administered telephone survey.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Effect of the intensity of wireless telephone conversations on reaction time in a braking response.

Recently, concern has grown about the extent to which wireless telephone use by motor vehicle drivers constitutes a threat to traffic safety. This experiment investigated the effect of the intensity of wireless telephone conversations on reaction time (RT) for a braking response. Using a laboratory station to mimic the foot activity in driving, 16 adults were instructed to release the accelerator pedal and depress the brake pedal as quickly as possible following the activation of a red brake light. Mean RT was measured for 5 conditions which manipulated the intensity of a conversation, i.e., demand for attention, conducted on a wireless telephone. Analysis indicated that wireless telephone use caused a decrement in RT, however, there was no significant effect associated with intensity of the conversation across intensity.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2000

[Effects of electromagnetic radiation from handsets of cellular telephone on neurobehavioral function].

In order to study the effects of electromagnetic radiation from handsets of cellular telephone on neurobehavioral function, 81 staff with handsets of cellular telephone and 63 staff without handsets of cellular telephone from corporations were selected as the subjects. The subjects were investigated by questionnaire on their general health, lifestyle habit, suppress of spirit, handset using of cellular telephone, environmental exposure, morbidity, and the neurobehavioral core test battery(NCTB). The data was analyzed by chi-square, stepwise regression analysis and covariance statistics. The results showed that the average reaction time in user's group was longer than that in control group (P < 0.01). The time of using handset was negatively associated with corrected reaction number (P < 0.01). The fast reaction time and the slowest reaction time were positively associated with the length of handset using (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The results suggested that the handset using could cause adverse health effects in neurobehavioral function.

Behavior↗
PubMed2003

Telemedicine system using a cellular telephone for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.

We developed a new telemedicine system to monitor the condition of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients by using a cellular telephone and an Internet Web site. All data for the CAPD patients--blood pressure, heart rate, body weight, ultrafiltration volume, and urine volume--are collected and sent directly by cellular telephone to a data server that was constructed at the NTT DoCoMo Company data center. The system is directly connected to Internet by application service provider (ASP) technology. Anywhere, at any time, each patient can confirm changes in their data in graph form by using a cellular telephone or a computer connection to an Internet Web site. The average of each type of data is calculated and shown at the Web site. All data collected by cellular telephone are calculated and, in real time, sent directly to the treating physician's office over the Internet. Abnormal data are sent directly to the treating physician's office and shown in the host computer with an emergency signal (emergency alarm system). In addition, CAPD patients can easily contact the medical staff in the Kidney and Dialysis Center of Saitama Medical School (main hospital) using the same telemedicine system. We are using this telemedicine system for 46 CAPD patients being treated by Saitama Medical School. The cost of using the system is just US$3.00 or less per month for each patient. This newly developed system has great advantages for CAPD patients, especially elderly and handicapped patients. The system can be expanded into a network that serves all CAPD patients and all hospitals in Japan.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

[Rules of telephone poison information service: guidelines for call management].

A rules of telephone poison information service for general public and telephone toxicological consultation for medical staff, mainly physicians, are presented in the study. Guidelines for call management: necessity of caller assessment while dealing with information given to the general public and factors that influence successful telephone encounters are presented. The types of questions that are appropriate to ask about patient, considering both the patient state and the toxin(s) involved while dealing with a telephone toxicological consultation are also presented.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMed2006

Using telephone focus groups methodology to examine the prostate cancer screening practices of African-American primary care physicians.

African-American men have a greater burden from prostate cancer than do white men and men of other races/ethnicities in the United States. To date, there have been no studies of how African-American primary care physicians screen their patients for prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of telephone focus groups as a methodology and to learn about this practice among a group of African-American primary care physicians. A total of 41 physicians participated in eight telephone focus groups. Results from the study are found in a separate article. Regarding telephone focus group methodology, we found that a majority of the physicians in this study preferred telephone focus groups over the conventional face-to-face focus groups. We also discuss some of the advantages (e.g., no travel, high acceptance rates, more flexibility than in-person groups, and general cost efficiency) as well as disadvantages (e.g., nonverbal communication limits and reduction of group interaction) of this methodology. This methodology may prove useful in studies involving African-American physicians, physicians in general and other difficult-to-reach healthcare professionals.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Nurse-based telephone protocol versus usual care for management of URI and acute sinusitis: a controlled trial.

Two hundred and twelve patients with upper-respiratory-tract infection (URI) or sinusitis were treated using a nurse-based telephone protocol. This study evaluated the clinical outcomes and satisfaction of the patients compared with patients receiving usual care. For patients with URI, the rate of antibiotic administration was lower in the nurse-based telephone-treatment group (28% vs. 34%; P = .46), and for those with sinusitis, a greater proportion of the telephone treatment group received first-line antibiotics for the infection, compared with the usual care group (81% vs. 53%; P = .01). A guideline-based nurse telephone treatment protocol may decrease inappropriate use of antibiotics for URI and can result in a greater use of first-line antibiotics for patients with sinus infection with similar clinical outcomes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telephone protocols in pediatric ambulatory care.

Telephone management in pediatric ambulatory care settings is a nursing activity that has not been well-defined. The telephone is an vital point of access for parents seeking health care advice as well as the nurse in managing common childhood illnesses or injuries and providing anticipatory guidance. Literature-based protocols provide the nurse with intervention resources of current and accurate information when advising parents over the telephone. This article describes the process of telephone protocol development for responding to parents seeking advice at a mid-west tertiary care center.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1997

Telephone advice: new solutions for old problems.

This article describes the increasing use of the telephone as a means for seeking medical care. The literature is reviewed concerning the problems and pitfalls of telephone advice. The legal/ethical implications of health care providers giving telephone advice are discussed. Recommendations for the assessment of need, planning, implementation, and organization of a consistent telephone advice program are stressed. The development of a quality assurance program to maintain the quality of the advice program is presented. Suggestions for training of personnel and the importance of documentation of calls are included.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed2002

Effect of a standardized nurse case-management telephone intervention on resource use in patients with chronic heart failure.

BACKGROUND: Case management is believed to promote continuity of care and decrease hospitalization rates, although few controlled trials have tested this approach. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a standardized telephonic case-management intervention in decreasing resource use in patients with chronic heart failure. METHODS: A randomized controlled clinical trial was used to assess the effect of telephonic case management on resource use. Patients were identified at hospitalization and assigned to receive 6 months of intervention (n = 130) or usual care (n = 228) based on the group to which their physician was randomized. Hospitalization rates, readmission rates, hospital days, days to first rehospitalization, multiple readmissions, emergency department visits, inpatient costs, outpatient resource use, and patient satisfaction were measured at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: The heart failure hospitalization rate was 45.7% lower in the intervention group at 3 months (P =.03) and 47.8% lower at 6 months (P =.01). Heart failure hospital days (P =.03) and multiple readmissions (P =.03) were significantly lower in the intervention group at 6 months. Inpatient heart failure costs were 45.5% lower at 6 months (P =.04). A cost saving was realized even after intervention costs were deducted. There was no evidence of cost shifting to the outpatient setting. Patient satisfaction with care was higher in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: The reduction in hospitalizations, costs, and other resource use achieved using standardized telephonic case management in the early months after a heart failure admission is greater than that usually achieved with pharmaceutical therapy and comparable with other disease management approaches.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

A randomized trial of the effectiveness of computer-generated telephone messages in increasing immunization visits among preschool children.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of computer-generated telephone reminder and recall messages in increasing preschool immunization visits. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Fourteen counties in urban and rural Georgia. STUDY PARTICIPANTS: Children (N = 8002) who were younger than 2 years; had telephone numbers listed in preexisting computerized immunization databases; and were due or late for immunization(s) during the 4-month enrollment period. INTERVENTION: Households of children were randomized to receive or not receive a general or vaccine-specific computer-generated telephone reminder or recall message the day before the child was due, or immediately after randomization if the child was late. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The rates of immunization visits during the 30-day follow-up period. RESULTS: Of the 4636 children whose households were randomized to receive a message, 1684 (36.3%) visited the health department within 30 days compared with 955 (28.4%) of the 3366 children whose households were not contacted (risk ratio [RR] = 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20 to 1.37; P < .01). Immunization visits were more frequent (41.1%) among the 3257 children whose households actually received the message (RR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.36 to 1.56; P < .01). Improvement in immunization visits was similar for general and specific messages, greater for recall than reminder messages, and greatest for children who were late for the third dose of the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine and the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. CONCLUSION: These data suggest a simple and effective way to increase preschool immunization visits, particularly for vaccines associated with the lowest immunization rates.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of a self-administered questionnaire and a telephone interview of 146 Danish waste collectors.

Methods to collect epidemiologic data include, among other means, self-administered questionnaires and personal and telephone interviews. In some studies, these data collection methods are used simultaneously. However, little is known about the comparability of the data obtained, thus, the validity of pooling data. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 146 waste collectors, who participated in a telephone interview 3 months later. The responses to health questions were compared. Agreement percentages and kappa values were calculated. An answer pattern shift was detected in a subgroup of questions with five answer options. Grouping the answer options diminished the shift in the answer pattern. The questions in a yes/no format generally showed no shift in the answer pattern. The study indicates that caution should be exercised when pooling data collected by self-administered questionnaire and telephone interview in epidemiological research. Some types of questions seem to be sensitive to the data collection method.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Concurrent validity of a telephone-administered version of the Gospel Oak instrument (including the SHORT-CARE).

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to establish the concurrent validity of a telephone-administered version of the survey measures utilized in the Gospel Oak studies, the core of which was the SHORT-CARE. DESIGN: Comparisons were made between data obtained by administering the interview in its conventional, face-to-face form with those generated by conducting it by telephone. SETTING: A UK teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Elderly subjects of both sexes, recruited from geriatric and psychogeriatric day hospitals. MEASURES: The Depression Diagnostic Scale, Dementia Diagnostic Scale and Organic Brain Syndrome scale (all taken from the SHORT-CARE) and the London Handicap Scale. RESULTS: For depressive symptomatology, cognitive impairment, subjective memory impairment and handicap, intraclass correlations were 0.86, 0.89, 0.83 and 0.70, respectively. The kappa coefficient for agreement on case-level diagnosis of pervasive depression was 0.79. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the instrument is broadly reliable when administered by telephone.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telephone counseling of breast cancer patients after treatment: a description of a randomized clinical trial.

The Telephone Counseling Trial for Breast Cancer Survivors is a randomized, controlled study designed to test the impact of a telephone-based counseling intervention on quality of life of early-stage breast cancer patients who have completed adjuvant treatment. A psychoeducational counseling model is utilized to promote adaptive coping to re-entry stressors and survivorship issues. Adaptation is fostered through the exploration of thematic materials, application of active coping strategies, encouragement of a personal expression of the breast cancer experience and the provision of psychological support. Patients are being recruited in collaboration with two NCI-designated clinical cooperative oncology groups: the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) and the Southwest Cooperative Oncology Group (SWOG). The recruitment goal is 400 breast cancer survivors with Stage 1, Stage 2 and Stage 3 disease (with no greater than 10 positive lymph nodes involved). Patients are being enrolled by data managers on-site during their last treatment visit. The intervention is being delivered by the Cancer Information and Counseling Line (CICL) of the AMC Cancer Research Center. It includes 16 telephone outcalls which are delivered over a 12-month period. Primary outcome measures are quality of life, mood, social support, self-efficacy, and sexual functioning, assessed at baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months follow-up. This article provides a description of the intervention protocol and study design. It is argued that this study could provide a model for developing and testing other psychosocial interventions within clinical cooperative groups nationwide.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2006

Telephone follow-up, initiated by a hospital-based health professional, for postdischarge problems in patients discharged from hospital to home.

BACKGROUND: It is known that many patients encounter a variety of problems in the first weeks after they have been discharged from hospital to home. In recent years many projects have addressed discharge planning, with the aim of reducing problems after discharge. Telephone follow-up (TFU) is seen as a good means of exchanging information, providing health education and advice, managing symptoms, recognising complications early, giving reassurance and providing quality aftercare service. Some research has shown that telephone follow-up is feasible, and that patients appreciate such calls. However, at present it is not clear whether TFU is also effective in reducing postdischarge problems. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of follow-up telephone calls in the first month post discharge, initiated by hospital-based health professionals, to patients discharged from hospital to home. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following databases from their start date to July 2003, without limits as to date of publication or language: the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group's Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library), PubMed, EMBASE (OVID), BiomedCentral, CINAHL, ERIC (OVID), INVERT (Dutch nursing literature index), LILACS, Picarta (Dutch library system), PsycINFO/PsycLIT (OVID), the Combined Social and Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E), SOCIOFILE. We searched for ongoing research in the following databases: National Research Register (http://www.update-software.com/nrr/); Controlled Clinical Trials (http://www.controlled-trials.com/); and Clinical Trials (http://clinicaltrials.gov/). We searched the reference lists of included studies and contacted researchers active in this area. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials of TFU initiated by a hospital-based health professional, for patients discharged home from an acute hospital setting. The intervention was delivered within the first month after discharge; outcomes were measured within 3 months after discharge, and either the TFU was the only intervention, or its effect could be analysed separately. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed studies for inclusion and for methodological quality. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the criteria from the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Review Group. The data-extraction form was based on the template developed by the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group. Data was extracted by one review author and checked by a second author. For as far it was considered that there was enough clinical homogeneity with regard to patient groups and measured outcomes, statistical pooling was planned using a random effects model and standardised mean differences for continuous scales and relative risks for dichotomous data, and tests for statistical heterogeneity were performed. MAIN RESULTS: We included 33 studies involving 5110 patients. Predominantly, the studies were of low methodological quality. TFU has been applied in many patient groups. There is a large variety in the ways the TFU was performed (the health professionals who undertook the TFU, frequency, structure, duration, etc.). Many different outcomes have been measured, but only a few were measured across more than one study. Effects are not constant across studies, nor within patient groups. Due to methodological and clinical diversity, quantitative pooling could only be performed for a few outcomes. Of the eight meta-analyses in this review, five showed considerable statistical heterogeneity. Overall, there was inconclusive evidence about the effects of TFU. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The low methodological quality of the included studies means that results must be considered with caution. No adverse effects were reported. Nevertheless, although some studies find that the intervention had favourable effects for some outcomes, overall the studies show clinically-equivalent results between TFU and control groups. In summary, we cannot conclude that TFU is an effective intervention.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1979

Telephone change agentry in the diffusion of a program for the elderly.

This study examined whether telephone consultation subsequent to a five-day workshop on a geriatric program, called milieu therapy, affected the degree to which the adoption of the program took place in nursing homes and hospitals. The nursing homes and hospitals were randomly assigned to three conditions: 1) no person receiving telephone consultation, 2) one person receiving consultation, and 3) three persons receiving consultation. Following the workshop, five consultations were conducted, one every two weeks. Three months after the last consultation a follow-up questionnaire was used to examine the extent of the program adoption. Results of the study indicated that telephone consultation did not create more information dissemination. However, the consultation with three persons 1) enhanced the inclusion of more staff in the planning groups, 2) supported low social status staff in taking leadership roles, and 3) included more staff from various work areas into the planning group. No significant difference could be found for the degree of actual program adoption that took place within the organizations.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Health outcome improvements in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using two telephone counseling interventions.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of two telephone intervention strategies for improving the health outcomes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Fifty-eight SLE patients were randomly assigned to receive a 6-month telephone counseling intervention using either a treatment counseling (TC) or symptom monitoring (SM) strategy. Health outcomes were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 (AIMS2). RESULTS: At the 6-month followup, the mean AIMS2 Physical Function scale and AIMS2 Social Support scale scores were significantly improved (P < 0.05) for the TC group compared to the SM groups. The mean FSS score, AIMS2 Affect score, and AIMS2 Pain score were significantly improved (P < 0.05) for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Telephone interventions, especially using the TC approach, can be effective for improving the functional status of persons with SLE.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2004

Validity of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) in post-stroke subjects.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment and dementia are very common after stroke. Telephone screening has potential advantages for clinical follow-up and population-based research in this group. We wished to test the validity of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) for cognitive testing in post-stroke subjects. METHODS: Cognitive function in stroke outpatients was assessed using the R-CAMCOG (a modification of the cognitive part of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly, for use in stroke subjects) along with the TICS and a modified version, the TICSm. The tests were administered in random order. A cut-off point of 33 on the R-CAMCOG was used to define post-stroke dementia. RESULTS: Sixty-four patients with a median age of 72 years were assessed. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the R-CAMCOG and the TICS and TICSm were 0.833 and 0.855 (both p <0.001) respectively. Twenty-four (38%) patients met R-CAMCOG criteria for post-stroke dementia. The area under the ROC curve for both the TICS and TICSm was 0.94. Using a cut-off of 28 or less on the TICS produced a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 85% for the diagnosis of post-stroke dementia. For the TICSm a cut-off of 20 or lower produced a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 80%. CONCLUSIONS: The TICS and TICSm telephone questionnaires are practicable and valid methods of assessing cognitive function in community outpatients following stroke. Scores of < or =28 and < or =20 respectively carry good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of post-stroke dementia.

Aged↗