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PubMed2000

'Smart' homes and telecare for independent living.

Telecare services and 'smart' homes share a common technological base in information technology and telecommunications. There is growing interest in both telecare services and smart homes, although they have been studied in isolation. Telecare has been driven largely by perceived cost savings and improved service delivery to the home, leading to improved quality of life and independent living. Smart homes are also expected to provide better and safer living conditions. The integration of the two should produce more secure and autonomous living. There are different forms of telecare services, as there are different types of smart homes, each ranging from basic systems involving the use of alarms and the ordinary telephone to intelligent monitoring with sensors and interactive communication. The introduction of these systems has policy implications, such as the need for coordination between health, social services and housing policy makers, which will reduce duplication and inefficient allocation of resources. Successful delivery of telecare to the home is as much dependent on the construction and condition of the housing stock as it is on the ability of the care provider to meet users' needs. If the UK National Health Service (NHS) could replace a significant proportion of domiciliary nursing visits by telephone calls, then savings of up of 200 million Pounds per annum would be possible.

Delivery of Health Care↗

PubMed2000

The potential of a nursing education support system using videoconferencing.

Japan currently employs a total of 400,000 practical nurses, accounting for approximately 40% of the total number of nurses in the country. An education system for improving the skills of practical nurses and encouraging them to obtain certification as registered nurses is due to begin in 2001. In Hokkaido, 90 nursing schools are scheduled to be used as transitional education facilities. These, however, tend to be concentrated in large cities. We have examined the possibilities for an education support system for nurses using videoconferencing. The system will include theoretical lectures using television broadcasts and technical lectures conducted at training facilities. Given Hokkaido's geographical conditions, a support system using telecommunication is considered to be essential for the success of transitional education.

Communication↗

PubMed1996

Realtime three-dimensional remote medical skills acquisition.

Three-dimensional techniques are gaining widespread use in a number of disciplines, including medicine, where the visualization of depth information is not only useful but important. Both computer-generated 3-D imaging and 3-D video are set to become increasingly important tools for both diagnosis and teaching. In this paper we will present some of the work that we are currently undertaking using 3-D techniques for remote surgical skills acquisition. This work is based on the use of a small headset with twin miniature video cameras, video codecs, two different 3-D visualization systems and BT's ISDN telecommunications network.

Depth Perception↗

PubMed1996

Rural health and IT&T in Australia--the results of qualitative and quantitative surveys of the needs, perceptions and expectations of rural and remote health professionals.

This paper reports an initial overview of the findings of qualitative and quantitative surveys of rural and remote health professionals in Australia to determine their present use of information technology and telecommunications (IT&T), barriers to the use of IT&T, and expected future uses. The survey research commissioned for this project supports the degree of importance rural and remote health professionals attach to the introduction and use of IT&T to reduce their sense of professional isolation and to support their service provision.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed2006

Geriatric education across 94 million acres: adapting conference programming in a rural state.

Montana, a predominantly rural state, with a unique blend of geography and history, low population density, and cultural diversity represents the challenges for program development and implementation across remote areas. The paper discusses two statewide multidisciplinary geriatric education programs for health professionals offered by the recently established Montana Geriatric Education Center (MTGEC); use of telecommunications technology; collaborations with Geriatric Education Centers (GECs) and the Montana Healthcare Telemedicine Alliance (MHTA); and training outcomes, insights, and implications for continuing education of health professionals who practice in hard-to-reach regions. In addition, data from a statewide needs assessment are presented specific to preferred format. The MTGEC training model that combined traditional classroom and videoconference increased attendance by twofold and may be adapted in other regions to train providers in remote areas of the U.S.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

The University of Virginia Telemedicine Program: traversing barriers beyond geography.

Access to specialty healthcare remains inadequate for many of our rural citizens, a situation attributable to a host of factors ranging from geographic to economic barriers, worsened by the limited numbers of specialists who practice in rural communities. We wish to report our progress in the development of a robust 55-site telehealth network in the Commonwealth of Virginia, designed specifically to enhance access to specialty care not locally available in rural regions of the state. We will review the process by which we developed partnerships with otherwise unaffiliated healthcare facilities, the equipment and telecommunications services used, and the statutory, regulatory, and cultural impediments to the fullest deployment of telehealth facilitated healthcare and education. Through this network, early and timely intervention has saved lives, avoided unnecessary transfer and travel, and initiated previously unavailable screening and education programs in many rural communities.

Female↗

PubMed1992

Transmission of images next in line for hospitals?

Two bills being considered by Congress would allow the telephone industry to modernize the nation's telecommunications infrastructure, which would upgrade transmission services exponentially. One of the early benefits could be derived by community hospitals, which would be able to obtain affordable transmission of radiology images in the blink of an eye.

Diagnostic Imaging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Telepathology: practicing pathology in two places at once.

Technical advances in telecommunications and image processing make it possible to transmit high-quality images great distances. Diagnostic pathology--which relies on the accurate representation of cytologic detail, tinctorial properties of cells, and morphological patterns for analysis and interpretation--stands to benefit from these advances. Telepathology permits surgical pathology services to be extended to remote or relatively inaccessible areas, authoritative opinions to be issued by recognized experts on specific cases, and external review of histologic diagnosis for purposes of quality control. Although telepathology systems are simple in concept and operation, their use in the day-to-day practice of pathology is still evolving.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗

PubMed1994

Integrating voice, data, and paging technologies to enhance information services.

The University of California at San Francisco Medical Center has made a commitment to upgrade its information and telecommunications systems infrastructure. One of the several projects being undertaken by the Medical Center, the Intelligent Console Project, demonstrates how integrating different systems, databases and technologies can improve the quality and accessibility of information, while reducing costs and stream-lining administrative activities. The Intelligent Console acts as an interface mechanism for the several constituent systems and data-bases of the Medical Center and provides a single, front-end control console by which operators can support communications using standardized procedures. Much paperwork has been eliminated and operator training and scheduling streamlined. Equipment consolidation has also freed up space at the Medical Center.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Walkie-talkies and cellular telephones: the hazards of electromagnetic interference in hospitals.

This article presents an overview of the effects of electromagnetic interference (EMI) on medical devices, with emphasis on portable telecommunication devices. In addition, the authors discuss existing voluntary national and international standards and policies governing the use of cellular telephones and walkie-talkies in hospitals, possible solutions to the susceptibility of medical devices to EMI, and recommendations to lessen EMI's potentially hazardous effects.

Canada↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Managing your call center: ways to optimize service.

Proper measurements and telecommunications technology can help you make the most positive impact on service to your many publics. When patients call a number (often an 800 number) for nurse triage, physician referral, a physician answering service, claims eligibility or customer assistance, chances are they are calling into a call center. No other industry is exploring and improving call center applications with more vigor than health care.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1997

Telehealth in Africa.

This paper deals with the developments of the project "Telehealth in Africa", to establish a link between more European reference Hospital Centers and some African Hospital Centers, connected with Peripheral Units of Assistance, to transmit and receive health diagnostic images, etc. The project has been developed by the European Collaboration Group for Telemedicine in developing countries which was created in collaboration with ITU (International Telecommunication Union). A demonstration of telehealth from Milan (Italy), Toulouse (France), to Abidjan (Ivory Coast, Africa) and Midrand (South Africa) proves that it is possible for a diverse group of intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations and the private sector to work together for the benefit of all participants and, most of all, for developing countries.

Africa↗

PubMed1991

Providing public accommodations under the ADA. Part III.

On July 26, 1992, federal legislation known as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) will take effect, opening an era of potentially dramatic changes for American businesses, including hospitals and other health care providers. The ADA will forbid discrimination against disabled persons in four areas: employment, public services (especially public transportation), public accommodations, and access to telecommunications. The following information focuses on the public accommodation aspects of the Act, and is the last in our three-part series on the effects this new law will have on health care providers.

Architectural Accessibility↗

PubMed1997

Video conferencing in group training of psychiatric nurses.

Video conferencing (VC) technology transfers synchronous audio and video signals via standard telecommunication lines. VC has become a useful communication device in the mental health care sector in Norway, particularly in the northern countries. Training and supervision is considered one of the areas where VC has great potential. This study followed a group of nurses who used VC in a training program every other week over a period of six months. The group consisted of seven nurses (two supervisors and five supervisees). Data was collected from four of the VC sessions. User satisfaction and judgements on the effect of VC on critical aspects of the supervision were evaluated through questionnaires. In addition, a closing group interview was held to sum up qualitative experiences and attitudes. Results indicate that VC may indeed be an acceptable tool in group supervision. Participants reported that they were able to establish a climate for communicating on an emotional and personal level, as well as provide necessary feedback and psychological support.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The competitive dynamics of network-based businesses.

Telecommunications carriers, transportation companies, and banks are among the many network-based businesses--companies that move people, goods, or information from various points to various other points. Managers have long assumed that customers valued all links in these networks equally. It was thought that banking customers, for example, sought access to all of the branches throughout the network or that shipping customers wanted to be able to send packages everywhere. Intuitively, managers thought that many of their customers' needs were, in reality, narrower, but they had no way of knowing which links were most important. New computing power and robust mapping software now make it possible to understand network customers better. In applying this technology, the authors, both consultants from McKinsey & Company, have uncovered three distinct usage patterns: one in which all links are, indeed, valued equally; another in which customers concentrate their use in particular zones; and a third in which customers value only individual links. Each of these patterns requires a different strategy to direct executives in making the decisions fundamental to managing any network-based business: whether to open or close outlets, whether to connect their network to others, and how to organize business units so that they reflect the network's structure. Those who don't spot the patterns or understand their strategic implications will find themselves on the losing end of the network battle.

Capital Financing↗

PubMed1997

Medical emergency aid through telematics: design, implementation guidelines and analysis of user requirements for the MERMAID project.

MERMAID is an EU financed telemedicine project with global reach and 24-hour, multilingual capability. It aspires to provide a model for the provision of health care services based on the electronic transmission of medical information, via ISDN based videoconferencing. This model will not be limited to medical diagnostics but it will encompass all cases where the actual delivery of health care services involves a patient who is not located where the provider is. Its implementation requires the commissioning of an expensive telecommunications infrastructure and the exploration of a number of solutions. In fact, all categories of telemedical applications (audio and video conferencing, multimedia communications, flat file and image transfer with low, medium and high bandwidth data requirements) will be considered while the full range of network choices (Digital land lines, Cellular/Wireless, Satellite and Broadband) will be tested in terms of cost/performance tradeoffs that are inherent to them and the developmental stage each of these options occupies in their in its life cycle. Finally, out that MERMAID utilises advanced land based line transmission technologies to aid the remote patient by making available the specialist care that is best suited in the particular case.

Emergency Medical Services↗

PubMed1998

Nursing telematics education: a critical success factor to the "best practice".

This communication aims to help demonstrating that nurses education and training, in what information and telecommunications technologies are concerned, is a critical success factor in the achievement of a strategic goal: the "best practice" in nursing. This goal is seen from the formal perspective of the quality of the nursing care process. Simultaneously, one makes a methodological approach by employing a strategical planning technique in the nursing context.

Education, Nursing↗

PubMed1998

The development of technical and spectrum requirements for meeting federal, state and local public safety agency communication requirements through the year 2010, establishment of rules and requirements for priority access service--FCC. Final rule.

The Federal Communications Commission (Commission) adopted a First Report and Order ("First Report") contemporaneously with a Third Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that is summarized elsewhere in this edition of the Federal Register. In the First Report, the Commission amends its rules relating to public safety communications in the 764-806 MHz band ("700 MHz band") that the Commission previously reallocated for public safety services and in general. This action commences the process of assigning licenses for frequencies in the 700 MHz band and addresses an urgent need for additional public safety radio spectrum and the need for nationwide interoperability among local, state, and federal entities. By this action, the Commission also takes additional steps toward achieving its goals of developing a flexible regulatory framework to meet vital current and future public safety communications needs and ensuring that sufficient spectrum to accommodate efficient, effective telecommunications facilities and services will be available to satisfy public safety communications needs into the 21st century.

Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems↗