Equine pharyngeal cyst (a case report).
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On the base of literature and their own 123 patients the authors present the frequency, diagnostics and treatment of congenital neck fistulas and cysts. We had 9 congenital fistulas: 6 median and 3 lateral. We treated 114 patients with neck cysts.: 29 median and 85 lateral, from which 50 were at the right side. The disease mainly manifested in 10-19 year-old patients--25 cases and in 30-39 year-old patients--21 cases. We divided the lateral neck cysts according to Bailey's--the most frequent of which were of III type--44.7%, II type--32.94%, IV type 16.58% and I type 5.88%. All patients were radically operated on-that is they had totally enucleated fistula or cyst. In the case of median fistulas or cysts we didn't extirpate the body of the hyoid bone but in the case of duct going to caecal foramen of the tongue, we elevated the hyoid bone and with Storz lupe we prepared the duct to the root of the tongue. We didn't have any recurrence resulting from this kind of treatment. We had a recurrence in one patient (0.81%) with median cyst of the neck which was localised in the lower part of the neck and was connected with thyroid. We reoperated this patient and we had a complete recovery.
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Midline cervical cysts are one of the most common embryological anomalies of the neck. They are due to the failure of a complete obliteration of the thyroglossal duct. This endodermal structure arises from the floor of the mouth and proceeds caudally in the midline of the neck until it reaches its final position around the trachea. Finally, the inferior portion of the thyroglossal duct develops into the median lobe of the thyroid gland whereas its cranial portion disappears. In the present paper, the clinical feature and the surgical treatment of a case is described.
Given the anatomy and the histology of the 4 cases of children with a midline cervical cleft presented in this work, and after reviewing the specific literature, an etiologic relationship between: this congenital malformation and the subcutaneous midline cervical bronchogenic cyst can be established. The presence of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium in both entities and their anatomic relationship are determinant. The anatomic differences with the thyroglossal duct cyst indicated that their embryological origins were different, in spite of the presence of ciliated epithelium. In a 6 months old infant, the extirpation of the lesion without practicing a Z-plasty was carried out due to the small size of the malformation with good result after 3 months.
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