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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[A study on the rate of collagenase in the degradation of human root dentin in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of degradation of human root dentin collagen treated with collagenase after demineralization. METHODS: The root dentin samples were demineralized by incubating with PH5.0 lactate acid at 37 degrees C. The incubation solutions were taken on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28, and centrifuged 10,000r/min at 4 degrees C. The supernature solutions were analyzed for Ca(2+) and hydroxyproline. The demineralized root samples were incubated with PH7.4 collagenase solution for 7 days at 37 degrees C. The incubation solutions were centrifuged 10,000r/min at 4 degrees C and analyzed for hydroxyproline. RESULTS: The release of Ca(2+) increased and had significant differences at all observation periods within 28 days (P<0.05). There were no significant differences of the amount of degradable collagen during the nonenzymatic procedure (P>0.05). The amount of collagenase-degradable collagen was proportional to the calcium released until a plateau value at a calcium loss of about 80.01 micromol/cm(2) was reached. CONCLUSION: The degradability of collagenase is in close association with calcium released. The retention of mineral is of relevance for lesion arrestment or remineralization of early root caries.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2001

[A comparison of lanthanum contained rinse on acid resistant abilities to human enamel and root surface].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of different does of lanthanum-contained rinse solution on carious-resistance, and to investigate the acid-resistant abilities of dental enamel and root surface that treated with lanthanum-contained rinse solution. METHODS: Human dental root surfaces were treated in vitro with various doses (100 x 10(-6) - 2000 x 10(-6)) of lanthanum-contained rinse solution under the pH cycle environment that mimic the normal pH change curve of oral cavity. The qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out on dental cementum according to their mineralized degrees. The best effective dose for carious-resistance was set for further investigation in vitro. Dental enamel and root surfaces were treated with the rinse for 1 hour each day, total for five days. RESULTS: The rinse solution containing 500 x 10(-6) lanthanum or more than it showed a obvious carious-resistant effect and there was no significant difference between root surfaces and dental enamel while treated with 500 x 10(-6) lanthanum-contained rinse solution. To compare demineralized degrees between enamel and root surfaces before or after treatment, enamel showed severer demineralization than root surfaces. CONCLUSION: 500 x 10(-6) lanthanum-contained rinse solution is considered to be the lowest effective dose for carious-resistance, and lanthanum-contained rinse solution is especially suitable for the treatment and prevention of dental root caries.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2004

Dietary fiber intake and dental health status in urban-marginal, and rural communities in central Mexico.

INTRODUCTION: Oral health status in older people is frequently poor which can contribute to inadequate dietary patterns and nutrition status. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether an association between the number of teeth present and dietary fiber intake exists in elderly people living independently, across different geographic and socioeconomic locations. METHODS: A cross-sectional household survey was undertaken in three Mexican communities (urban, marginal urban, and rural), incorporating geographic and socio-demographic information and a 24-hour diet recall. Dental status (teeth present, coronal and root caries, and periodontal status) was determined by clinical examination. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson's chi2 and Tukey's range tests. RESULTS: 407 persons 60 years old and over participated in the study. Subjects in the rural community had better dental/periodontal status and more teeth present than urban and marginal-urban participants. Intake of fiber was 8.4 g/day for the urban, 7.6 g/day for the marginal-urban, and 13.5 g/day for the rural community. While gender had no detectable effect, the location of residence and the number of teeth present were associated with mean fiber intake; having more than 21 teeth and/or living in a rural location were associated with increased mean fiber intake.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2004

Periodontal diseases: microbiological considerations.

The location of plaque-associated gingivitis at the gingival portion of the tooth plays an essential role in its genesis. However, at times local and other host response modifying factors also have an influence. The pathogeny of periodontitis is more complex. The microorganisms that comprise subgingival plaque are capable of acting directly on periodontal tissues or of modifying the host response, whereas the participation of the plaque per se (normal, decreased, or increased) is as decisive as the action of the bacteria themselves in the emergence of the disease. Different types of periodontitis are associated with specific microorganisms. The most periodontopathogenic are A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and T. forsythensis. Periodontitis as a whole, represent the source of complications such as root caries, endoperiodontal processes and periodontal abscesses. They are associated with various illnesses such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and respiratory infections, amongst others, as well as pathological oral halitosis. The different modalities of PCR are particularly important in the microbiological diagnosis of periodontitis, although on the negative side of things, it must be pointed out that in vitro sensitivity studies cannot be performed using this technique. First line antibiotic treatment of periodontitis includes amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, metronidazole (associated or not with amoxicillin) and clindamycin.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans↗
PubMed1992

Studies on newly designed tooth surface treatments for adhesive composite restoration.

Recently, problems have occurred frequently such as cervical and exposed dentin surface lesions or root caries and subsequent hypersensitivity because of further increase of the elderly population. This study was projected to device a proper and simple treatment and materials for the adhesive composite restoration for such lesions. The 10-20Ca (10% citric acid containing 20% calcium chloride) solution was found to be a comparatively mild tooth surface conditioning agent and to be effective with a single application to both dentin and enamel. In addition, the use of the SA primer (3% N-methacryloyl 5-aminosalicylic acid in 80% ethanol) and the LVR (visible light-cured, 33% microfilled low viscous Bis-GMA resin) dramatically improved the adhesion and adaptability of the composite restoration in the saucer cavity at the cervical area.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1989

Management of the ageing dental patient.

Dental care of elderly persons is very similar to that of younger persons but is often modified by a variety of age related and age associated changes. Diseases and the medications taken to treat them often have a direct effect on oral health. Clinical decision-making for the dental care of older adults can be more complex. Dental disease patterns within the ageing population seem to be changing and seem to be expressed differently resulting in more modifying factors which will require actual diagnosis and complicate treatment planning. This paper presents some definitions of geriatric patients with specific applications to dentistry. Using the available data the characteristics and needs of these patients have been described with particular reference to decision-making. Selected management issues have been discussed with particular reference to stress, communication, prevention and premedication. Some concepts in restorative care especially related to root caries were discussed. In prosthodontics the problems related to treatment have been identified and the incremental treatment technique discussed. Issues in the care of older dental patients are not often related to technical problems but are issues related to what is considered appropriate care, necessary treatment, where it should be carried out and the sequence in which it should be completed.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The microscopic pattern of tetracycline fluorescence in the cementum of human teeth.

Ultraviolet microscopy of longitudinal non-decalcified sections revealed fluorescence characteristic of in vivo tetracycline deposition in the cementum of 55 out of 378 human permanent teeth. Patterns of fluorescence could be related to various stages in root development and to pathological events, as well as to the approximate duration of drug intake. Cementum lines formed during apposition of primary root dentin were associated with dentin bands and met the latter at the cemento-dentinal junction: other lines corresponded to incremental cementum apposition after completion of the root. Label was also visualized in localized areas of cementum hyperplasia and in repaired resorption lacunae. Discontinuities in broad fluorescent lines at or near the cementum surface were related to lack of connective tissue attachment when drug exposure occurred, or with subsequent root caries. Observations suggest that typical short, single periods of antibiotic therapy are recorded in the cementum, although marginally or close to the limit of resolution in some cases. Longer, chronic administration or multiple short regimens closely spaced in time are clearly registered. Study of these patterns may be useful in clinical periodontal research.

Dental Cementum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New subgingival restorative procedures with Geristore resin ionomer.

In an ongoing search for new and improved dental materials, researchers have developed restorative products which are improved versions of traditional formulations. This has been especially true in the area of glass ionomers. One such modification has been the development of a material, termed resin ionomer. This material is less technique sensitive and exhibits low oral solubility; it may be light activated and finished at the time of placement. This article presents the clinical application of such a material with emphasis on its use in subgingival and periodontal applications.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1995

The oral health of long-term residents of a hospital for the intellectually handicapped and psychiatrically ill.

The oral health of 207 intellectually handicapped and psychiatrically ill people resident in a long-term hospital was examined. Almost three-quarters of the population were mentally retarded, a similar proportion had secondary medical problems in addition to their main reason for admission, and almost all were taking at least one medication. Half of the population was edentulous and one-quarter of the edentulous wore a denture or were considered capable of wearing a denture. The dentate population had a mean of 22.8 (SD, 7.6) teeth, but their condition was poor with a mean of 3.2 (SD, 4.4) decayed teeth. There were fewer filled teeth than in the national population of similar age, and more teeth were decayed and missing. Although root caries was not a significant problem, oral hygiene and periodontal disease were--83.5 percent of subjects required scaling and cleaning and 17.7 percent complex periodontal therapy. Two-thirds of the population were amenable to treatment in the dental surgery, and one-third required a general anaesthetic for most dental treatment. A greater proportion of people who were mentally retarded or had Down's Syndrome required special facilities or an escort nurse to facilitate dental treatment than those who were psychiatrically ill. The findings have implications for those seeking to provide care for these groups of people living in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

A quarter century of changes in oral health in the United States.

This paper provides an overview of the oral health status of Americans since the 1960s. Data from seven national surveys, conducted between 1960 and 1987, have been presented. Estimates of coronal and root caries, periodontal diseases, and tooth loss were reviewed. In addition, data on edentulism and oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer were included. Although the purpose of this paper is descriptive rather than analytical, some important trends have been noted: The number of children who were free from dental caries increased dramatically between 1963 and 1987. By 1987, almost one-half of school children between the ages of 5 and 17 were caries-free. Among those children with dental decay, the number of teeth affected has also declined. The oral health of adults also improved during the 27-year period included in this review. In particular, the mean number of missing teeth and the percentage of edentulous adults have declined substantially. Trends in periodontal diseases were difficult to determine due to changes in the measures of periodontal diseases utilized in the surveys. In the most recent survey of employed U.S. adults, approximately 44 percent were found to have gingivitis and slightly more than 13 percent had periodontal pockets 4-5 mm in depth. Approximately 30,000 new cases of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer were diagnosed in 1993, resulting in approximately 8,000 deaths. African Americans have higher incidence and mortality rates than white Americans and also have a much lower five-year survival rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Root resorption associated with hydroxyapatite particles: a case report.

A case report of an unusual root resorption reaction associated with a graft of hydroxyapatite particles is presented. The hydroxyapatite particles were grafted to treat vertical infrabony defects at the distal aspect of the maxillary left canine and on the mesial side of the mandibular right first molar. The graft sites were monitored at maintenance visits. Root resorption was observed radiographically 9 to 10 months after grafting. The lesions were restored with a light-cured glass-ionomer cement and/or a resin composite. Possible etiologic factors associated with this condition are discussed.

Bone Substitutes↗
PubMed1992

The effect of phenytoin medication on dentin apposition, root length, and caries progression in rat molars.

To determine the effect of phenytoin (PHT) on dentin apposition and the rate of caries progression in dentin, 40 Wistar rats were treated daily for 35 days with intraperitoneal injections of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin. Twenty-eight controls received saline with pH adjusted to that of PHT. One PHT and one control group were fed a 43% sucrose diet, and the others a non-cariogenic pellet diet. Streptococcus sobrinus was inoculated to induce caries. Schiff staining was used to determine caries. The areas of dentin apposition and dentinal caries lesions were quantified after tetracycline staining. The root lengths were measured. PHT reduced slightly the dentin apposition and activated significantly the progression of the dentinal carious lesions. No difference in caries initiation was found. The high-sucrose diet reduced dentin apposition and increased the rate of progression of existing caries greatly. Our study suggests that both the high-sucrose diet and PHT have an effect on secreting odontoblasts, which can be seen as an alteration in dentin apposition and caries progression rates in dentin.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Wavelength and average power density dependency of the surface modification of root dentin using an MIR-FEL.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Surface modification of root dentin by mid-infrared (MIR) pulsed-laser irradiation is one of the candidates for a novel, non-invasive treatment to prevent root surface caries. To modify root dentin effectively and non-invasively it is essential to estimate quantitatively and qualitatively the laser parameters, such as the wavelength and power density, required for surface modification. The key aspect is to bring about effective surface modification of the root dentin while minimizing the unwanted removal of the underlying dentin. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a tunable, MIR Free Electron Laser with lambda = 8.8-10.6 microm, we have investigated macroscopically the extent of the surface modification (morphological and chemical changes) of root dentin. We have obtained experimental results related to the ablation depth, the MIR absorption spectrum, and the elemental chemical composition. RESULTS: The observations showed that the surface modification of root dentin was inclined toward well-recrystallized HAp-like material, leading to an increase in the acid resistance and dentinal tubule sealing. The laser parameters, at which efficient surface modification without enhanced ablation occurred, were estimated to be approximately in the wavelength region around lambda = approximately 9.0 or approximately 9.7 microm and in the average power density region of approximately 10-20 W/cm2 (resulting in total energy density and peak power density regions of approximately 1-2 kJ/cm2 and approximately 0.67-1.2 kW/cm2). CONCLUSIONS: The surface modification of root dentin strongly depends on the laser parameters applied. We conclude that the optimum wavelengths for laser treatment of root surface caries are lambda = approximately 9.0 or approximately 9.7 microm, corresponding to the absorption peak due to P-O stretching.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Factors influencing the future need for treatment of root surfaces.

This paper discusses the current status of root surface caries in the elderly population and the need for treatment of this condition in the future. Although root surface exposure and root caries have been reported for adults at all ages, the people at greatest risk for these conditions are the elderly. In the United States, life expectancy and the population aged 65 years and older has increased substantially, and the proportion of the elderly population who are dentate has increased and is projected to increase further. Utilization of dental services by the elderly is similar to that of employed adults. Interpretation of studies of the prevalence and incidence of root surface caries are difficult due to differences in sampling, definition of lesions, and reporting conventions. Root surface caries prevalence is related to age and continues to be a significant problem for this population as they age. Factors that may affect the future need for treatment are explored.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Caries prevalence in xerostomic individuals.

Saliva, via its lubricating, cleansing, remineralizing, antibacterial, and buffering actions, is an important protective factor for both dentition and soft tissue. Xerostomia is commonly found in older individuals due to the use of medications or medical conditions, such as Sjögren's, which directly affect salivary gland function. A xerostomic subgroup (n = 60), mean age = 60, 66 per cent female) of the Nutrition and Oral Health Study (n = 370) was reexamined for caries. Unstimulated and two-per-cent citric-acid stimulated parotid and submandibular/sublingual salivary flow rates were determined. This group was matched for number of teeth, age, sex, and alcohol and smoking habits with a medication-free subgroup (n = 60). Active root and coronal caries were found to be significantly higher in the xerostomic subgroup than in a matched subgroup of medication-free individuals. The mean DFS for the xerostomic subgroup was 45.4 +/- 21.7 for coronal caries and 5.3 +/- 5.8 for root caries. The mean number of teeth was 21.8. The mean DFS in the medication-free subgroup was 36.5 +/- 22.1 for coronal caries and 3.2 +/- 3.2 for root caries. The mean DFS in the xerostomic subgroup for coronal and root caries was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05). The odds ratio was 2.89 for coronal caries and 3.27 for root caries in the xerostomic versus the medication-free subgroup. Caries varied inversely with salivary flow rate. The difference in flow rates for those in the lowest and highest quartile for coronal caries experience (DFS) in the xerostomic subgroup was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Proportions of Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and Actinomyces spp in root surface plaque.

The incidence of Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and Actinomyces was examined in root surface dental plaque from 24 subjects with root surface caries and in 24 subjects with exposed root surfaces as a consequence of periodontitis but without root surface caries. Plaque was collected from the most posterior teeth in each quadrant: in the caries group from carious lesions and in the periodontitis group from buccal root surfaces. There were significantly higher proportions of S. mutans and lactobacilli in dental plaque samples taken from subjects suffering from root surface caries than in samples from subjects without root surface caries. The level of the group A. viscosus/naeslundii in the periodontitis group was higher than that found in the root surface caries group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Actinomyces↗