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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

The impact of alcohol and alcohol expectancies on male perception of female sexual arousal in a date rape analog.

The impact of alcohol and alcohol expectancies on men's perception of female sexual arousal and men's ability to discriminate accurately female sexual intentions in a dating situation was examined. In a 2 (alcohol) x 2 (expectancy) balanced placebo design, men were exposed to an audiotape of a date rape and asked to signal when the man should stop making sexual advances. On 4 occasions during the vignette, participants rated how sexually aroused the woman on the tape was at that moment. Relative to controls, participants who consumed alcohol or expected to consume alcohol took significantly longer to identify the inappropriateness of the man's sexual behavior toward his date. Similarly, alcohol participants also rated the woman's arousal level significantly higher at the first 2 refusals. Implications of the results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The impact of rape on women's sexual health risk behaviors.

This study used cluster analysis to identify three patterns of sexual health risk behaviors in a sample of adult rape survivors (N=102). Women in the 1st cluster (high risk) reported substantial increases from pre- to postrape in their frequency of sexual activity, number of sexual partners, infrequency of condom use, and frequency of using alcohol and/or drugs during sex. The 2nd cluster (moderate risk) reported increases in frequency of sexual activity and number of partners but mitigated that risk with increased condom use. Survivors in the 3rd cluster (low risk) indicated that their sexual health behaviors had become much less risky postrape. An ecological model predicting cluster membership revealed that individual-level and contextual factors predict patterns of risk behaviors.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Rape, torture, and traumatization of Bosnian and Croatian women: psychological sequelae.

The first 25 Bosnian women admitted to the Zagreb Obstetrics and Gynaecological Clinic or its associated regional psychiatric centers were assessed using both clinical and post-traumatic stress disorder interviews. Most of the women had been multiply traumatized; all had been repeatedly raped. Psychological status was assessed for those women who were not impregnated, for those impregnated who received abortions, and for those impregnated who carried the fetus to term.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1999

Perceptions of control and long-term recovery from rape.

The relationship between perceptions of control and symptoms of both long-term depression and post-traumatic stress was examined. Enduring beliefs of personal competence and control were found to be associated with lower rates of depression and stress and to be stronger predictors of long-term recovery than were rape-specific attributions. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Antecedents of posttraumatic stress disorder: wasn't being raped enough? A brief communication.

Many rape victims, like those traumatized by war, accidents, and natural disasters, are able to recover from their ordeal with supportive, crisis-oriented treatment. For others, however, symptoms may persist and require more intensive treatment. Hypnosis allows a modulated re-experiencing and abreaction of the traumatic event that can help to provide the victim with a relieving sense of mastery, and it fosters a receptive context for reassurance and interpretation regarding the irrational or exaggerated thoughts and feelings involved. 2 case examples are presented in which earlier conflicts appeared to play a role in perpetuating the patients' symptoms. Detecting and addressing these antecedents resulted in complete alleviation of long-standing problems through relatively brief treatment using hypnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Examination of the rape victim.

Knowledge of the procedure of rape examination can benefit not only obstetrician-gynecologists but also family practitioners, emergency department physicians, and surgeons who may find themselves called upon to examine a victim of sexual assault. In this situation, the physician has a responsibility to the judicial system as well as to the patient. He or she must deliver the best medical and psychologic support possible and collect the appropriate evidence in such a fashion as to give the victim the greatest chance of success if she decides to prosecute. Alternatively, information may be obtained which may help release the accused from suspicion. Having gained an understanding of these steps, the physician can discharge his or her responsibility with confidence and precision.

Counseling↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Marathon therapy: treating rape survivors in a therapeutic community.

Odyssey House is a therapeutic community (TC) in New York City that treats a wide range of drug abusers. For over 20 years. Odyssey House has conducted an annual marathon therapy group for women who are rape survivors. This article summarizes the program's experience with the marathon and reports on its therapeutic accomplishments.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Examining the standardized application of rape kits: an exploratory study of post-sexual assault professional practices.

In this exploratory study we examine the practices surrounding with respect to standardization the administration and processing of the Sexual Assault Evidence Kit (SAEK). Despite the presumed scientific objectivity of this protocol, our survey of sexual assault nurses, physicians, police, and forensic scientists found that discretionary practices pervaded the evidentiary process. We argue that there must be greater awareness of the shaping of medicolegal evidence. Given the diverse characteristics of sexual assaults and of the health care needs of sexually assaulted women, we also suggest that it may be unreasonable to apply a single standard model of a rape kit.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of a history of rape and incest on the posthysterectomy experience.

I conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the impact of a history of rape and/or incest on the posthysterectomy experience. The sample consisted of 92 women recovering from elective hysterectomies. They were interviewed at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after their operations. The Derogotis Sexual Functioning Index, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, and two hysterectomy-related questionnaires were administered. An analysis of variance compared abused with nonabused women on their sexual functioning, depression level, and satisfaction with their hysterectomy decision. Abused women had a significantly (p < .05) higher level of depression in the first year after the hysterectomy but not in the second year after the operation. Results suggest the need for expanded preoperative sexual history assessments and interventions and also to define areas for further research.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Report from the CDC: Evaluability assessment of the rape prevention and education program: summary of findings and recommendations.

This paper describes an evaluability assessment of CDC's Rape Prevention and Education (RPE) Program conducted to establish a baseline description and understanding of the current activities and goals of the program, revisit and update program performance measures, and identify opportunities for CDC to provide training and technical assistance to states. Data were collected using (1) a web-based survey of all state and territory health departments, other government agencies involved in the administration of the program, and sexual assault coalitions, (2) in-depth interviews with the same respondents during site visits to a sample of 14 states, and (3) focus groups in 5 of these states with local providers. This paper highlights the findings and summarizes recommendations to improve the program. It concludes with examples of steps CDC is taking to implement the recommendations.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗
PubMed1977

Identification of semen in 500 patients seen because of rape.

Of 500 patients seen because of rape, semen was identified in vaginal secretions by the identification of spermatozoa in 61%, by an acid phosphatase value of 50 units or more in 40%, and by the identification of a foreign blood group substance or a high titer of own blood group substance in 16%. The addition of the determination of the acid phosphatase to the search for spermatozoa identified semen in only 1.4% more patients, or a total of 62.4%. Identification and titers of blood group substance were confirmatory only, but further characterized the source of the semen in 25% of those patients with spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were identified for as long as 48 hours, and elevated acid phosphatase was not found after 18 hours. Acid phosphatase was elevated in only 62% of patients with spermatozoa.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

How to handle the rape victim.

All physicians should know the basics of care for the alleged rape victim. In a systematized approach, the procedure is presented for treating the patient and for collecting testimonial evidence in the event the assailant is apprehended and the crime becomes a legal case.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

The elderly victim of rape.

A common misconception about sexual assault is that the rapist is motivated by a sexual desire stimulated by a victim seductive in her behavior or dress. A retrospective analysis of 740 reported sexual assaults revealed 21 cases involving a victim between the ages of 60 and 90 years of age. The elderly victim was more often white and the assailant more often black than when younger victims are involved. Also, the data suggest that the rape of elderly women may involve a relatively few rapists, and that their assaults are of a serial nature. This study concludes that these rapists are motivated by anger, possibly racially related, and a need to express power, rather than by sexual desire.

Black or African American↗
PubMed2005

Clinical holistic medicine: holistic treatment of rape and incest trauma.

Studies indicate that at least 15% of the female population in western countries has experienced sexual abuse and severe sexual traumas. This paper explains how even serious sexual abuse and trauma can be healed when care and resources encourage the patient to return to the painful life events. When the physician cares and receives the trust of the patient, emotional holding and processing will follow quite naturally. Spontaneous regression seems to be an almost pain-free way of integrating the severe traumas from earlier experiences of rape and incest. This technique is a recommended alternative to classical timeline therapy using therapeutic commands. When traumatized patients distance themselves from their soul (feelings, sexuality, and existential depth), they often lose their energy and enjoyment of life. However, this does not mean that they are lost to life. Although it may seem paradoxical, a severe trauma may be a unique opportunity to regain enjoyment of life. The patient will often be richly rewarded for the extensive work of clearing and sorting out in order to experience a new depth in his or her existence and emotional life, with a new ability to understand life in general and other people in particular. So what may look like a tragedy can be transformed into a unique gift; if the patient gets sufficient support, there is the possibility of healing and learning. Consciousness-based medicine seems to provide severely traumatized patients with the quality of support and care needed for their soul to heal.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of age and ethnicity on physical injury from rape.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether postmenopausal (age 50 years or older) women would sustain significantly more injury after rape than women younger than 50 and to determine the role of skin pigmentation in the observance of genital injury. DESIGN AND SETTING: Registry data from a sexual assault forensic nurse examiners program. PARTICIPANTS: Based on date of examination, records from women of age 50 years or older (n = 40) were matched to two other participants: a premenopausal group younger than 40 years and a perimenopausal group of 40 to 49 years. The final sample consisted of 120 subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number, type, and location of injuries. RESULTS: A series of exact conditional logistic regression analyses indicated no significant association between age and genital, nongenital, or head injury. A significant association between race (Black versus White) and genital injury (adjusted odds ratio = 4.30, 95% confidence interval = 1.09-25.98, p = .03) indicated that Whites were more than four times as likely as Blacks to have genital injury. CONCLUSION: Although the primary hypothesis was not supported, the role of racial/ethnic differences and their association with the observance of injury need further exploration to determine whether the standard forensic examination is appropriate for all women. Health disparities may exist if women of color are less likely than others to have genital injuries identified and treated. Alternatively, skin properties may explain racial/ethnic differences in injury prevalence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

First do no more harm: female rape victims and the male counselor.

As the crisis of women who have been raped is more frequently brought to the attention of mental health workers, male counselors are increasingly being confronted with responsibility for aiding female victims. This paper considers the difficulties inherent in men fulfilling this therapeutic task, and discusses male misconceptions and responses that may undermine the efforts of well-meaning counselors.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1978

Sharing the crisis of rape: counseling the mates and families of victims.

The involvement of mates and family members in counseling interventions designed to help victims of rape in their post-traumatic reconstitutive efforts is critical. Suggestions are offered for assisting those close to the woman in their attempts to explore and articulate feelings and concerns about the crisis.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

The epidemiology of forcible rape.

Problems of measurement of the incidence of rape are considered, and empirical findings are summarized regarding prevalence, demographic and psychiatric characteristics of offenders, spatial and temporal distribution of offenses, victim-offender relationships, and evidence about recidivism and progression of crimes. Findings are discussed in the framework of blame models and their implications for treatment and prevention.

Adolescent↗