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PubMedDate not supplied

[Etiology and treatment of glossodynias].

This study only concerns classical glossodynia with few symptoms and not related to general, tumoral or local syndromes. Lingual pain is caused in the majority of cases by apraxic movements of the tongue. These movements, related to the anguish, can by a regressive process be related to the "searching" lingual movements of the child in psychological distress. The patient suffering from glossodynia (usually a woman) is enclosed in a viscious circle : anguish, apraxic movements, lingual pain, of which the beginning is often contemporary with a cancer in the area. Therapy should be addressed first of all at the distress, by looking very closely at the patient, by examining her very carefully, by absolutely gaining her confidence and by asserting the absence of cancer while admitting the reality of her disease. It should then be addressed to the lingual movements, by immobilization exercises giving rise to consciousness of movements up to then unconscious. Relaxation exercises can be combined. Failure of this therapy : frequent in men, in those who speak a lot (teachers), in hysterics "pithiatics", senile, and those persons whose intellectual evolution is slight. The author emphasizes the therapist's availability ; success in this treatment being related to what he can give of himself to these patients.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1975

Logical operations and role-taking abilities in two cultures: Norway and Hungary.

9 Piagetian measures of conservation, classification, and role taking, and a task designed to test verbal egocentrism were administered to children in 3 social settings in rural Hungary. The work is an extension of research carried out by Hollos and Cowan in Norway. In each setting 45 male and female children with equal numbers of 7-, 8-, and 9-year-olds were tested. Factor analysis yielded a logical-operations factor and a role-taking factor. Age and setting effects were significant for both factors. The socially isolated children performed less well on role-taking tasks but did significantly better on logical operations at all ages than village and town children. The results are almost identical with the findings of the Norwegian study, further supporting a threshold hypothesis regarding the amount of social interaction needed for the development of logical operations. Language stimulation and the effect of linguistic role marking in Hungarian do not seem to be significant factors, nor is schooling.

Child↗
PubMed1975

[Importance of role playing in a professional training group].

Role playing constitutes a precious instrument in training responible people for help relations. It permits to by-pass defense mechanisms through induced avoidance in group situation. It makes personal involvment easier, for efforts as well as for representations, and permits to confront reality in the other person. Under the control of the animator, the player has always the right to limit his personal involvment within the boundaries he wishes : this combination of facilitation and involvment framing is especially interesting.

Psychodrama↗
PubMed1975

[Role playing and training for individual psychotherapy: some disadvantages to avoid].

The author first describes briefly the outcome of a session. He then indicates some positive aspects of this method : better understanding of the patient's attitudes ; desinhibition of the spontaneity of the psychotherapist and better self-understanding, increase in facility in gesture and nursing ; questioning of psychotheapeutic ideals not yet integrated. The second part of the communication is devoted to inconveniences to avoid : alienation in new group psychotherapeutic goals, increase to tendencies to "voyeurisme" and absence of analysis of transferential processes. The advantages of the method outrange the eventuel inconveniences, especially when it is possible resove them.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed1976

Malingering as role taking.

This study investigated the relationship among psychopathology, intelligence and the simulation of psychopathological roles. The 132 Ss were 48 inpatients, 48 outpatients, and 36 nonprofessional employees. Each S simulated the MMPI profile of an anxiety neurotic, psychopathic deviate, or paranoid schizophrenic. Their simulation target was dissimilar to their diagnosis and/or Personality Screening Inventory profile. The findings were: (1) the hypothesized negative relationship between psychopathology and psychopathological role-taking was not supported broadly, but was supported more with males, blacks, neurotics, and simulators of the psychopathic deviate personality; and (2) the hypothesized positive relationship between intelligence and the simulation of psychopathological roles was supported in a small but definite relationship, with greater support among the Caucasians, males, neurotics, simulators of the 2-7 and 6-8 profile patterns, and when the simulation measure emphasized scatter and elevation similarities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Mythodrama--a group psychotherapy model for work with children and adolescents].

This article discusses group psychotherapy as a possible crisis intervention technique for children and juveniles with behavioral problems at school or whose families are going through divorce, or as an intervention technique in trouble some school classes. The therapeutic group work at the Children and Juvenile Educational Counselling Centre in Bern, Switzerland, is described - "mythodrama" or the "tales, fiction and horror technique", a therapeutic approach which was developed during the last couple of years. The tale at the beginning of the article serves as an introduction and is followed by a description of the different phases of mythodrama. Finally, the main elements of this approach are summarized.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

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Accidents, Traffic↗