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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Ophthalmological anomalies of the GAPO syndrome (growth retardation, alopecia, pseudo-anodontia, optic atrophy). Apropos of a case].

G.A.P.O. syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder whose main manifestations are growth retardation, alopecia, pseudo-anodontia, and optic atrophy. Optic atrophy has been reported in 30% of affected patients, along with other optic disc and ophthalmological abnormalities, but their causes remain unclear. We report here the ophthalmological findings in a three-year-old girl suffering from typical G.A.P.O. syndrome with ocular abnormalities and bilateral optic atrophy. Physiopathogenic hypotheses are discussed, especially concerning optic disc alterations which are probably due to intraocular hypertension.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

[Ophthalmologic manifestations of AIDS in an African milieu. Report of 45 cases].

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a pathological entity whose agent is a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The principal immunological deficit is the insufficience of immunity in mediation cell. Actually AIDS can be considered as the "bubonic plague" of the 20th century. Eye lesions caused by AIDS could present in 54 to 94% of patients of AIDS (3,19). Eye symptoms can be classified into four main categories or groups: retinal vascular lesions, eye opportunist infections, neoplasms of the eye surface and the orbit and finally neuro-ophthalmological anomalies. This study was realised at the university clinic of Mont Amba in Kinshasa, Zaire. A total of 45 cases were studied of which 42 cases with full blown AIDS (1 Congolese, 3 Ruandese, 1 Zambian and 37 Zaireans) and the other three were HIV positive (all were Zaireans). Among the 45 cases, 20 were studied retrospectively with a counting down of 5 years, and 25 others comprised of a prospective group of study or research. The patients were seen either in an ophthalmology Department/Service, or in a medical Service/Centre or in both. The criteria of diagnosis of AIDS were almost the same: skin anergy, infections and/or neoplasm opportunists, the lymphopenia T4, the report T4/T8 low or inversed and the HIV serology positive. A complete opthalmological test was undertaken, the indirect ophthalmoscopy and the retina fluorography were not done. A sex ratio is 1,64 (28 men for 17 women). The 45 patients were sexually active heterosexuals. None of them used drug intravenously. No accidental case of blood transfusion was revealed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[2 rare neuro-ophthalmologic complications of long-term treatment with lithium salts].

We describe two patients with unusual neuro-ophthalmologic complications during long-term therapy with lithium carbonate given for bipolar affective disorder, "benign" intracranial hypertension in one, and downbeat nystagmus, with oscillopsia in the other. A review of the literature is proposed. Though rare, such neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations are worth being recognised since they usually disappear with cessation--when possible--of lithium therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Visual fatigue as an occupational pathology problem in ophthalmology].

A study of incidence and peculiarities of visual fatigue in workers of visually strained, in particular, precision labour (about two thousand subjects) has shown a connection between visual fatigue and the character and conditions of work. This allows to consider visual fatigue from positions of professional pathology. The attention is drawn to necessity to consider results of scientific researches in the field of industrial ophthalmology, ophthalmological ergonomics and professional pathology of the eye as well as in their further active development.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1989

[Anesthesia in ophthalmology].

Ophthalmology is a medical specialty in which diagnostical as well as therapeutical proceedings are not possible without exploiting the advantages of anaesthesiology. We are most frequently using the local anaesthesia--surface or infiltrative. In the last years there appeared reports on the application of acupuncture in ophthalmic surgery. Ophthalmological operations are also performed in general anaesthesia. Advantages and disadvantages of particular types of anaesthesia are discussed.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1989

[Neuro-ophthalmologic findings following cerebral tumor excision in relation to topography and morphology].

The secured significance of position and extent of a cerebral tumour as well as its biological dignity with respect to the kind and frequency of the neuro-ophthalmological findings was the starting point of these investigations. In this retrospective study the findings of visual acuity, visual field and papillae of 204 patients operated on the cerebrum were determined and the significance of the morphological factors (position and size of the defect of the cerebral parenchyma, extent of the cerebral ventricles, degree of the cortical atrophy, influence of dignity) for the persisting ophthalmological deficiency phenomena was pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A system for generating standardized abbreviations in ophthalmologic information systems].

Every ophthalmological report includes documentation of the examination methods used and the results. This publication introduces a system to generate standardized abbreviations by using only 32 characters to describe all of the parameters of an examination. This amount of characters is quite appropriate in EDP. The examination method can be abbreviated with 8 characters, including the examination material, the description of the examination method, and the time of the examination. The results can be abbreviated by using only 24 (if necessary + n x 32) characters. A thesaurus can be used to define the units in relationship to the examination methods described. Defining standardized abbreviations makes it possible to use ophthalmological information systems to their best advantage to promote efficiency, easy communication, and optimal report presentation for the benefit of our patients.

Abbreviations as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

["Bell clappers" with "ophthalmologic alarm". Apropos of 2 cases of colloid cysts of the 3d ventricle].

We report two cases of third ventricle colloid cyst in atypical adult's neurological descriptions, tracked down by ophthalmologist, proved by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. We describe physio-pathological mechanism and dwell on different ophthalmological events of exceptional occurrence with those benign tumours and on ophthalmological investigation's importance in case of persisting and unexplained headache. We conclude with spontaneous clinical course, and neurological surgery's efficacy on hydrocephalus.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Microbiological and pharmacokinetic studies on flomoxef in ophthalmologic field].

Microbiological and pharmacokinetic studies were carried out on flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S), a new oxacephem parenteral antibiotic, in the ophthalmologic field. The results obtained are summarized as follows. FMOX has a broad antimicrobial activity spectrum against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC distribution against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical cases was less than or equal to 0.20 - greater than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml with the peak value of 0.39 micrograms/ml. Concentrations of FMOX in aqueous humor and ocular tissues were determined after intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg to rabbits. FMOX showed a peak level of 2.2 micrograms/ml in the aqueous humor at 1/2 hour after administration with the ratio to serum level of 3.4%. Levels of FMOX in external and internal ocular tissues were 12.7 - 76.5 micrograms/g, less than 0.8 - 34.4 micrograms/g (ml) at 1/2 hour after administration, respectively. From these results, we concluded that FMOX may be expected to be a useful and valuable agent against infections in the ophthalmologic field.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The interrelations of ophthalmologic and neurologic changes in newborns with birth injuries].

Examination of 127 newborns in the first day after birth has revealed changes in the eye fundus in 89 of them (70.1%): dilatation of retinal veins, edema of the retina and the optic disc, hemorrhages. The severity of ophthalmological changes in newborns correlates with disturbances in the nervous system in them. It is recommended to subject newborns to early ophthalmological examination for assessment of their state and diagnosis of birth injury of the central nervous system.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1986

[Ophthalmologic after care of premature infants].

Preterm infants, owing to their relative immaturity of organs and tissues show an increased vulnerability to exogenous factors such as oxygen, which may be required as a life-saving measure. In certain cases this may lead to retinopathy of prematurity and even blindness in the most severe cases. Regular ophthalmological follow up of at-risk infants is, therefore, essential to avoid irreparable retinal damage. From 1.8. 1983 till 31.7. 1985 159 at-risk infants were investigated ophthalmologically by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy. 14 cases (8.8%) of stage I/II and one case (0.6%) of terminal stage retinopathy of prematurity were observed. In 34 children (21.4%) other changes of lesser (dacryostenosis) or greater pathological severity (hydrophthalmus, disc abnormalities, manifest squint) were seen. Initial results in preterm infants with an improved ophthalmoscopic device für examining the temporal periphery of the fundus, the site of predilection for early retinopathic changes, are reported.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1988

[Neuropsychiatric-ophthalmologic and radiologic findings in sphenoid wing meningioma].

On the basis of 90 catamnestically pursued disease courses of surgically treated sphenoid bone wing meningioma of the years 1970 to 1987 the validity of the clinical-neuropsychiatric and neuro-ophthalmological examinations as well as the information value of the native X-ray pictures were ascertained. The aim of the work was to point out the possibility and necessity of an early clinical diagnosis by an intensified observation of the neuro-ophthalmological and neuro-psychiatric primary symptoms.

Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe↗
PubMed1988

Neuro-ophthalmologic emergencies.

This article is designed to provide the emergency physician with the knowledge necessary for the diagnosis and management of the more common neuro-ophthalmologic emergencies. Emphasis is placed on the recognition and initial evaluation of neuro-ophthalmologic disease.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1978

[Long-term ophthalmologic follow-up after kidney transplantation].

16 renal transplant recipients underwent ophthalmological examination 11.4, 19.4 and 61.3 months after renal transplantation. The most common side effects of immunosuppressive therapy were steroid-induced cataract formation, steroid glaucoma, and recurrent subconjunctival haemorrhages. Posterior sub-capsular cataracts may develop as early as 2 months after surgery, reach their highest incidence within 2 years and may be reversible under low dosage steroid therapy. 75.5% of 57 ophthalmologically examined patients showed ocular complications or changes, but visual function was not severely disturbed. Despite hypertension in 23 cases, no hypertensive retinopathy was observed. In the light of these findings we assume that kidney transplantation has a positive influence on ocular functions, and especially on fundus changes dating from the time of regular dialysis treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Ophthalmological complications of cryptococcal meningitis.

Two patients with cryptococcal meningitis associated with ophthalmological complications are described. One patient developed a cryptococcal fundal lesion which disappeared during chemotherapy. Chronically raised intracranial pressure was associated with a visual field defect. This resolved with repeated lumbar punctures. The second patient developed visual deficits secondary to papilloedema and responded to optic nerve decompression. In both cases CT scanning demonstrated swelling of the optic nerves. In the second patient this regressed after decompression. A review of the variety of the ophthalmological complications of cryptococcal meningitis and their prevalence is presented. The risk of developing severe visual disability is assessed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lasers in ophthalmology.

An increased understanding of laser-tissue interactions in ophthalmology has led to the use of lasers in treating a wide spectrum of diseases involving both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. These diseases include the four commonest causes of blindness in the United States: diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and cataract. As knowledge of the operating characteristics and treatment limitations of lasers increases, the use of lasers in the treatment of other ophthalmologic problems will be broadened.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1978

[Ophthalmologic symptoms of multiple sclerosis].

Long-term clinical studies of 220 patients with disseminated sclerosis and different pathology of the optico-nervous apparatus demonstrated that neuritis of the optic nerve is not always accompanied by impairment of vision and sometimes may lead to ophthalmological symptomatology. This symptomatology may be similar to the picture of congested disks of optic nerves. It was established that the appearance of the disk of theoptic nerve in the postneuritic condition is determined by a combination of a substitutive (due to the destruction of nervous fibers and consequently to an irreversible loss of vision) and resorbtive (due to a resorbtion of inflammation products) fibrogliosis. The second process, depending upon the nearness of the inflammational focus to the eye ground and the duration of the nerve disorder, does not reflect the irreversible loss of visual functions and leads to a discrepancy between the ophthalmological and visual changes. This discrepancy is aggravated by the possibility of a long-term preservation of the axons and as a result an absence of substitutive scarring, even in an irreversible loss of vision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Electronic image analysis in ophthalmology].

Based on experimental investigations a broad concept for the use of television image analysis in basic and clinical ophthalmology is given. This summary outline contents a short description of the technique and some examples for the clinical use of image analysis, like the measurement of corneal width and erosions, infrared pupillography, morphometry of the iris and quantitative fluorescence angiography. "Static" and "dynamic" image analysis are defined, the role of pattern recognition is mentioned. The results of the study demonstrate that television image analysis can be of great importance for the future of quantitative ophthalmology.

Corneal Diseases↗