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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The slowing of the decline in tuberculosis notifications and HIV infection.

Rates of tuberculosis in England and Wales increased slightly in 1986. Evidence is put forward to suggest that this is due to disease in older patients, particularly females. It is very unlikely, therefore, that the arrest in the decline in tuberculosis rates in the UK is related to HIV infection. Infection incurred during World War II is a more probable cause.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Tuberculosis infection notification in Swiss medical students during their clinical electives.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the tuberculin skin test conversion incidence in Swiss medical students. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of medical students at the University of Zurich, using a standardized tuberculin skin test before and after clinical electives. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty-two students accepted the invitation to the pre-clerkship test, and 155 (59.2%) subjects were retested after an average period of 2.25 years. An increase of more than 10 mm in the transverse diameter of the induration in the retest compared to the baseline test was observed in 12 (7.7%) students. The annual conversion rate was 3.4% (95% CI 1.8-6.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Even in an industrialized country, the risk of tuberculosis infection--as estimated by the tuberculin skin test--is substantial for health care professionals. Possible explanations for the high incidence and possible bias are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Psychotherapy with HIV-infected clients: factors influencing notification of third parties.

This article investigates psychologists' reactions to a hypothetical case involving an HIV-positive client who is involved in a monogamous relationship and whose behavior places his partner at risk. Results indicate that respondents attribute more responsibility to the client to protect his partner when the relationship is heterosexual rather than homosexual. Respondents attribute greater responsibility to the client's partner for self-protection when the relationship is a short-term, homosexual relationship. Regardless of relationship type, a majority of respondents feel an ethical responsibility to protect the partner and seem willing to break confidentiality to do so if necessary. There is not, however, clear agreement about this course of action. Alternative strategies for assisting client disclosure are discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Follow-up testing and notification of anti-HIV Western blot atypical (indeterminant) donors.

We conducted anti-HIV testing on follow-up samples obtained at a mean interval of 20 weeks from 150 blood donors who had previously tested anti-HIV ELISA positive and Western blot atypical. Of 93 donors who demonstrated reactivity to HIV core protein p24, 4 progressed to positive Western blots. Most of the remaining donors showed a persistent p24 reactivity on Western blot and had no risk factors for HIV infection. Immunofluorescence testing of the initial sample from 93 donors could not definitively separate seroconverters from those with persistent p24 reactivity. Of 57 donors with p18 reactivity, none were positive on follow-up anti-HIV testing. Our findings suggest policies and strategies for notifying donors of atypical anti-HIV Western blot results.

Blood Donors↗