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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation into hamstring strains: the case of the hybrid muscle.

Past research on hamstring strains indicated an imbalance in leg strength as a cause of hamstring strains. No theory has been put forth to explain why the strength imbalance would cause strain. Investigation on cadavers of the muscular attachment of the short head of the biceps femoris indicated the varied attachment of this muscle to the linea aspera. It is theorized that an extensive attachment to the linea aspara and a strength imbalance would cause hamstring strains.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rupture of the ischial origin of the hamstring muscles.

We treated eight patients who had complete rupture of the ischial origin of the hamstring muscles. This uncommon injury results from a sudden forceful flexion of the hip joint when the knee is extended and the hamstring muscles powerfully contracted. The injuries occurred during athletic exercise in six men and two women who had a mean age of 40 years (range, 22 to 53). With prompt diagnosis and surgery the final functional results in these patients were good. If the diagnosis is delayed, it is not possible to accomplish a primary suture of the hamstring muscles to the ischial bone. Consequently, another surgical procedure will need to be performed to restore function. Unlike cases of bony avulsion of the ischial apophysis in growing children, acute complete rupture of the proximal hamstring muscles origin in adults should be treated with prompt surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Pelvic and hip apophyseal avulsion injuries in young athletes.

Hip apophyseal injuries in young athletes are a fairly rare problem, and often go unrecognized by health professionals. These injuries can be extremely painful, and may take months to heal. Timely, accurate diagnosis is imperative so proper treatment can be initiated. In some cases, surgery is required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Stress fracture of the pubic arch in military recruits.

An analysis of 49 pubic arch stress fractures in 39 military recruits is presented. These represent eight per cent of all stress fractures and are more common than the fracture in the femoral neck. Every fifth was bilateral and eight patients had stress fractures in other bones. No common aetiology was found. Two-thirds of the fractures occur during the cold season, but skiing was not an important factor. The average time from the first clinical examination to diagnosis was 30 days. An adequate and early radiological examination is important for diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Management of a paraplegic patient with a full thickness ischial pressure ulcer.

Betty was a 72-year-old paraplegic patient with a full thickness ischial pressure ulcer. After an overview of the care delivered in hospital, this case study will focus not on the management of the wound but on the attempts made towards safe discharge home of the patient after an initial failed discharge. The diversity of problems encountered over a period of 18 months proved extremely challenging for all disciplines involved and required the development of close working relationships to achieve an eventual successful outcome. On reflection there are many aspects of this case that would undoubtedly be now managed differently. I had been in post for only a short time when my involvement with the patient began and my links with other members of the multidisciplinary team were tenuous. However the relationships fostered over this period of time have ensured that future cases have been dealt with efficiently and effectively. The case study concludes with a happy ending for the patient when successful surgery to repair the ulcer was initiated, not by medical or nursing personnel but by the patient herself.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1998

Surgical treatment for ischial pressure sores with gracilis myocutaneous flap.

Surgical reconstruction of ischial pressure sores is technically complex and presents a significant problem. Although there is consensus about the use of muscle or myocutaneous flaps in the closure of these sores, there is still dispute about which muscle or myocutaneous flap to use. This evaluation describes the use of the gracilis myocutaneous flap for the treatment of wide and chronic ischial pressure sores. Details of 14 cases are presented and compared with those described in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Radiographic features of neonatal congenital dislocation of the hip.

Over the 10-year period 1969 to 1978, 271 consecutive cases of congenital dislocation of the hip were diagnosed at birth. Standard anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvis were obtained routinely and were analysed retrospectively. The medial gap, a measure of the separation between the proximal femur and the pelvic wall, was found to be significantly increased in cases with unilateral or bilateral dislocation when compared to normal. A medial greater than five millimetres is indicative of femoral head displacement and is of value where the clinical diagnosis is uncertain. The rate of missed dislocation at birth was 0.6 cases per thousand. Treatment with the Malmo splint was the normal routine. The Pavlik harness was applied if splintage was poorly tolerated by the infant, or in the rare instance of limited hip abduction. Failure to maintain reduction by splintage occurred in 3.3 per cent. The incidence of pressure deformities of the femoral head was 2.95 per cent and there was a residual deformity in later childhood of 1.1 per cent. It is presumed that this lesion can be attributed to the effect of splintage and it was notably avoided in the later period of the review when greater mobility of the abducted hips was encouraged.

Femur↗
PubMed1984

Acetabular dysplasia and hip dislocation after selective premature fusion of the triradiate cartilage. An experimental study in rabbits.

Premature fusion of the triradiate cartilage was obtained surgically in 10 three-week-old rabbits, and compared with isolated fusion of the ilio-ischial and of the ilio-pubic limbs of the triradiate cartilage in two further groups of 10 rabbits. Complete fusion caused acetabular dysplasia five weeks after operation in all animals and hip dislocation at nine weeks in half of them; ilio-ischial fusion had a comparable effect. Ilio-pubic fusion had only a minimal effect on acetabular development. The posterior position of the ilio-ischial limb in the acetabulum and its predominance in the formation of the triradiate cartilage in quadrupeds may have contributed to its decisive effect on acetabular development.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1990

Avulsion of the ischial apophysis. The case for open reduction and internal fixation.

We report three cases of avulsion of the ischial tuberosity with marked chronic disability after delay in diagnosis and non-union of the fracture. All were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with return to full function, allowing in one case, athletic performances of Olympic standard. We also report one patient with an acute apophyseal avulsion treated by early reduction and internal fixation with restoration of full function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Osteomyelitis of the pelvis.

Four cases of osteomyelitis of the pelvis are reported to demonstrate the several clinical syndromes to which this disease can give rise. Extensive surgical drainage and antibiotic treatment led to recovery in all cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pressure changes under the ischial tuberosities of seated individuals during sacral nerve root stimulation.

Neuromuscular stimulation via the sacral nerve roots is proposed for prevention of ischial pressure ulcers following a spinal cord injury (SCI). Acute effects of sacral functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) on seat interface pressure changes were investigated in five nondisabled volunteers. Similar effects were demonstrated with functional electrical stimulation in people with SCI who used a sacral anterior root stimulator implant. The results indicated that sacral nerve root stimulation, either by FMS or implanted electrical stimulation, induced gluteus maximus contraction and mild pelvic tilt sufficient for clinically significant reductions in ischial pressures during sitting.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ewing sarcoma of the pelvis. Clinicopathological features and treatment.

The results of treatment in twenty-seven patients who had a Ewing sarcoma of the pelvis were reviewed. Six patients had had metastatic disease at the time of the diagnosis. The three-year actuarial survival of these patients was 17 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 8 to 52 per cent). Of the twenty-one remaining patients, thirteen had received chemotherapy and radiation therapy to the primary lesion and eight had had chemotherapy and operative resection, with or without radiation therapy. The actuarial five-year over-all survival was 25 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 6 to 51 per cent) in the group that had had radiation without a resection and 75 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 31 to 93 per cent) in the group that had had a resection (p < 0.005, log-rank method). The actuarial over-all five-year survival was 45 per cent (23 to 65 per cent) for all patients who had had localized disease when first seen. Actuarial local failure analysis (the censoring of patients who died without evidence of local failure before the two-year follow-up examination) revealed a rate of local failure of 44 per cent (14 to 79 per cent) in the group that had been treated with chemotherapy and radiation alone compared with 13 per cent (0 to 53 per cent) in the patients who had had a resection, but this difference was not significant (p > 0.25, log-rank method).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗