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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Point-of-care systems, informatics, and health care delivery.

Evolving information technology has had profound effects on business operations and the marketplace. The health care services industry, particularly hospitals, clinics, and medical offices, has historically lagged behind other industries in the implementation of comprehensive, integrated, computerized data management tools. Health care reformers are looking to the promises of the information technology "revolution" as a means of improving systemic efficiency and health care quality. This study discusses the impact of informatics, or information technology, on the delivery of health care services. We present the evolution of informatics and the predicted future benefits of integrated computerized patient records and point-of-care systems.

Computer Security↗
PubMed1998

Medical affective computing: medical informatics meets affective computing.

"The need to cope with a changing and partly unpredictable world makes it very likely that any intelligent system with multiple motives and limited powers will have emotions." [1] From advisory systems that understand emotional attitudes toward medical outcomes, to wearable computers that compensate for communication disability, to computer simulations of emotions and their disorders, the research agendas of medical informatics and affective computing--how and why to create computers that detect, convey, and even have emotions--increasingly overlap. Some psychiatric and neurological researchers state their theories in terms of actual or hypothetical computer programs. Adaptive intelligent systems will increasingly rely on emotions to compensate for their own conflicting goals and limited resources--emotional reactions about which psychiatrists and neurologists have special insights. DEP2 (Depression Emulation Program 2) is a computer simulation of adaptive depression--learning from explainable patterns of failure in autobiographical memory--that simulates many depressive behaviors. In the terminology of fault-tolerant computing, adaptive depression involves fault detection (triggered by failure), fault location (strategic retreat and failure diagnosis), and fault recovery (return to on-line operation). DEP2 relies on subsystems whose structures and behaviors are based on popular hypotheses about left and right brain hemispheric function during depression and emotion. DEP2 and its predecessors, DEP and DEPlanner, are relevant to psychiatric and neurological informatics, and to the design of adaptive autonomous robots and software agents.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

Towards an ethical protocol in mental health informatics.

Application of informatics to mental health has the potential to benefit a disadvantaged yet important patient group. At the same time, difficult issues are raised with regard to data protection and ethics because many patients are not able to express informed and rational views, and this increases their vulnerability. However, developments in this field are limited, and there is little literature. Generic data protection legislation and guidance assumes that data subjects are mentally competent adults. This paper distils key ethical issues and principles in mental health informatics, and describes a process which has initiated the identification of "reasonable" practice.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Medical informatics in healthcare organizations: A survey of healthcare information managers

Objective: To assess the medical informatics needs of healthcare organizations and the work roles for informaticists in those organizations. Methods: A 128-item survey was developed and administered as a structured interview to thirty-two information managers in eighteen organizations. The survey included items about medical informatics training, prior work experience, skills for informaticists, and programming proficiency. Results: There was a strong preference for informaticists with prior clinical work experience and an understanding of healthcare. Project management and data warehousing were highly rated skills. Informaticists were expected to know about healthcare processes, clinical guidelines, and outcome management. They were not expected to be expert programmers. Conclusion: There is a role in healthcare organizations for interdisciplinary workers who understand clinical medicine, healthcare management, information technology, and who can communicate and work effectively across these organizational boundaries.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Barriers and resistance to informatics in behavioral health.

The levels of resistance to a new informatics system can vary widely both between and among specific groups. The relevance to today's behavioral medicine area is obvious. The aim of effective change management techniques is not to eliminate all resistance. This is typically impossible when a group of any size is involved. The aims are (1) to keep initial general resistance at reasonable levels, (2) to pre-vent that initial resistance from growing to serious levels, and (3) to identify and deal with any pockets of serious resistance that do occur despite the previous efforts. His article outlines areas of resistance to behavioral informatics and offers suggestions for overcoming the resistance.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2002

Informatic tools for proteome profiling.

In recent years, the practice of proteomics research has experienced a dramatic shift within the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry with the widespread implementation of novel applications. The areas of interest extend all the way from discovery of novel drug, vaccine, and diagnostic targets, characterization of protein-based products, toxicology, and identification of surrogate markers of activity in clinical research, to the ability to provide information on the mechanisms of drug action. The power of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis as well as advances in mass spectrometric techniques combined with sequence database correlation have enabled speed and accuracy in identification of proteins in complex mixtures. This article surveys currently available software and informatic tools related to these methods for proteome profiling. The broad acceptance of these technologies, however, has not been accompanied by significant advances in the informatics and software tools necessary to support the analysis and management of the massive amounts of data generated in the process. In this context, this article also discusses the importance of relational databases for protein identification data management.

Biotechnology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The introduction of informatics in teaching institutions: the experience of the School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto-University of São Paulo].

This study broaches something about the utilization of the computer in a school institution and about the implantation of the informatics and also the formation of the human resources in the Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto, from the São Paulo University. Besides this, some commentaries are related to the advantages and the precautions that have to be considered in the use of the applied informatics to the general teaching and specially to the nursing teaching.

Brazil↗
PubMed1991

[Medical informatics and health care in Subotica yesterday, today and tomorrow].

The application of information systems in health care throughout the world has begun ten years after the first generation of computers. Computers are a tool for doing business in all segments of health care. After a presentation of the development of informatics in the world and in our surroundings, a survey of events related to the health-care informatics in Subotica is given, as well as the perspective which is expected.

Health Services↗
PubMed1990

[The concept of informatics applied to Soviet public health].

Development of integrated medical information systems (IMIS) was proposed as a main direction of health care informatization in this country. The IMIS are meant to function both on the out- and in-patient basis covering a region (city) with a population amounting to two hundred thousand. They are aimed primarily at providing information supply continuity for the prevention, diagnosis, and the treatment of diseases, and at establishing intercommunications between institutions, departments, physicians, and specialists. The IMIS may serve a data base to give objective information to higher administrative levels, and a basis for creating autonomous information systems intended to automate the work of a separate establishment (department, or physician). The IMIS may also be used to develop medical educational systems (teaching systems, biomedical data banks and data base for medical workers, reference-information service for the population), medical expert systems, and systems of scientific work provision. Expenses on the development and establishment of IMIS are estimated, and possible social sequelae of health care informatization are assessed.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1995

CLINT: a clinical informatics system for an internal medicine ward.

This paper describes a clinical informatics system that provides access to electronic information management tools for clinicians. The Clinical Informatics Network (CLINT) provides a variety of tools for accessing information on an internal medicine ward. Evaluations based on the use of the tools will provide insight to clinicians' information needs, and how these needs can be addressed using electronic information management tools. Better access to information could enhance the quality of patient care.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1996

A Clinical Informatics Network (CLINT) to support the practice of evidence-based health care.

CLINT, which stands for Clinical Informatics NeTwork, is one of the clinical informatics initiatives in development at McMaster University's Health Information Research Unit. CLINT is a microcomputer-based system of over 60 workstations providing 24 hour availability of a set of clinical information resources to clinicians throughout our teaching hospital. CLINT encompasses three domains: (1) a user adaptable clinician-computer interface, (2) unique evidence-based health care content, and (3) automated data collection and viewing tools. An objective of the CLINT project is to determine CLINT's impact on the practice of health care. Early analysis of our data has revealed that over the past year, there has been widespread use of CLINT by clinicians from all clinical domains. Our next task is to evaluate CLINT's usefulness.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed1997

Public informatics resources for rice and other grasses.

As an emerging model system, rice will benefit from an informatics infrastructure which organizes genome data and makes it available worldwide. RiceGenes and other Internet-accessible resources are evolving to meet these goals. Grass crops such as rice, maize, millet, sorghum and wheat are closely related but are represented by independent database projects; interlinking these resources would create a broad view of grass genetics and make it easier to compare data across genomes. The future success of grass informatics depends on the development of new comparative mapping displays as well as the participation of the research community in assembling and curating comparative map data.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1998

[JSCP Technical Committee on Laboratory Informatics; its 10th anniversary and future perspective].

The Technical Committee on Laboratory Informatics of the Japan Society of Clinical Pathology (JSCP) was established in 1988 by the late Professor Takaoki Miyati, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine at the 35th JSCP Annual Meeting. Since then, the chairpersons have been succeeded by Prof. Nobuyoshi Matsuda (Kawasaki Medical University) and currently Prof. Masayuki Kambe (Hiroshima University School of Medicine). Open committee meetings have been held twice a year; the one during the JSCP Annual Meeting and the other independently in Spring. There have been many important subjects discussed at the past 20 meetings, including optical card utilization, laboratory information system, quality assurance in clinical laboratory, laboratory data base, outputs and presentations of laboratory results, reference values and intervals, medical support and expert systems for laboratory results, practice guidelines in laboratory medicine, laboratory support systems for medical education and research, and medical consultation in clinical laboratory. Roles of laboratory informatics will increase steadily in the circumstances of computer-multimedia networks.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed2005

ADA initiates development of orthodontic informatics standards.

Standards are the key to interoperability across systems. The American Dental Association (ADA) has been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as a standards-developing organization. The ADA sponsors standards programs for all areas of dentistry, including dental materials and products and dental informatics. ANSI/ADA Specification No. 1000, Standard Clinical Data Architecture for the Structure and Content of an Electronic Health Record, is the first ANSI standard that defines the fundamental data structures used to make patient health records. The standard promotes the sharing of like data between dentists, physicians, and hospitals.

American Dental Association↗
PubMed1997

The development of an approach to evaluate NHS manager's competence in medical informatics.

This paper describes the research and development of Checkpoint, a self-assessment instrument. It outlines how the instrument has helped managers in the NHS identify their strengths and weaknesses with respect to their management and use of informatics. The paper presents trends and feedback from the use of Checkpoint and the implications for future education and training of managers in the NHS.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1995

Informatics and medical libraries: changing needs and changing roles.

Medical librarians play a crucial role in the evolution of institutional information policy. As information professionals, they share many similarities with their medical informatics counterparts. Both groups emphasize information delivery to the point of decision making; both groups serve as curators of institutional knowledge bases. If the term "publication" encompasses the delivery of clinical information relevant to individuals or populations, both librarians and medical informaticians have an immediate interest in the nature of biomedical publishing, particularly in areas of intellectual ownership, confidentiality, distribution, and access. Both groups also have been early leaders in applying information technology to solve pressing knowledge-management problems, and both groups have a strong commitment to educating colleagues in the effective use of information. Although the challenges faced by librarians and medical informaticians are sometimes different, the evolution of information technology and new forms of biomedical communication suggest that there is now a greater convergence between the two disciplines.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1998

"Patient informatics": creating new partnerships in medical decision making.

The amassing of health information on the Internet and World Wide Web continues unabated. Patients anxious to participate in decisions about their own treatment have turned to the Internet to confirm diagnoses, validate physician-recommended treatment, or seek alternative therapies. While increased information for patients has been linked to improved outcomes, there are inherent dangers associated with the kind of unauthenticated information available on the Web. The authors discuss the nature of these dangers as well as review the advantages for patients of "information therapy" (improved access to health information). They also examine how the Internet has begun to affect the physician-patient relationship, and describe how the Internet and information technology can be effectively used by physicians in patient care. They recommend that the academic health sciences community seize the opportunity to take the lead in ensuring that patients have access to reliable health information, and suggest that "patient informatics" be integrated by academic physicians and educators into the teaching of clinical skills.

Academic Medical Centers↗