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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Propagation of porcine cytomegalic inclusion disease virus in cell cultures. Preliminary report.

The successful propagation of porcine cytomegalic inclusion disease virus (inclusion-body rhinitis virus) in primary pig lung cell cultures is reported. CID virus was carried through five passages in cell cultures with cytopathic affects appearing from 11 to 18 days post-inoculation. Four pigs inoculated with infected cell culture fluids from the second cell culture passage remained clinically normal. Two, however, had typical inclusion bodies in the glands of the nasal mucosa when examined three weeks post-inoculation. The progressive cytopathic effect produced and the inclusion bodies formed by this strain of porcine CIDV are described. These inclusion bodies appeared to be similar to those formed by cell culture-propagated cytomegaloviruses of man, mouse and guinea pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Cytological changes in the urine in the form of inclusion-bearing cells, giant cells and haematuria after vaccination with inactivated influenza virus vaccine. A study with application of Millipore procedure and Papanicolaou staining.

Marked cellular reactions in the urine appeared after subcutaneous vaccination with inactivated influenza virus vaccine. Inclusion-bearing epithelial cells increased in 16 cases from 2.4 to 9.6% and erythrocytes from 2.5 to 16.2 per visual field. Pathological values for inclusion-bearing cells were found in 5 of 18 cases (28%), spherical giant cells in 3 (17%), and an abnormal number of erythrocytes in 7 (39%). Killed virus, lacking the capability of replication, thus gave rise both to the formation of inclusions and to fusion of cells within the epithelium of the kidneys and of the urinary tract, and also to haematuria. There was a striking resemblance to the reaction in 34 cases of uncomplicated influenza A2, but the inclusion-provoking effect of the vaccination dose was clearly weaker and the erythrocyturia somewhat less pronounced. As a rule the cellular changes after the vaccination quickly reverted to normal, but there were examples of elevated values still existing after 6 months. Two patients had a high inclusion content and haematuria persisting for 3 and 4 years, one of whom following influenza A2. Influenza and influenza vaccinations may be the cause of certain instances of chronic benign haematuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cytoplasmic blood plasma inclusions of canine hepatocytes demonstration by immunoperoxidase-labeling method.

Cytoplasmic inclusions in canine hepatocytes were scattered abundantly throughout hepatic lobules. They were mainly round, measured 3 microns to 20 microns in diameter, stained eosinophilic with hematoxylin and eosin stain, and were positive for diastase-resistant periodic acid-Schiff and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin stains. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed that most of the inclusions were positive for such blood plasma components as albumin, immunoglobulins G, M, A, and transferrin. Ultrastructurally, the inclusions were granular, floccular, fibrillar, or homogeneous with a low or high electron density. Fibrin fibers and erythrocytes were occasionally recognized in the inclusions. These inclusions were considered to have derived from engulfment of blood elements into hepatocytes, probably as a result of increase of the intrasinusoidal blood pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Electron microscopy of colonic polyps. II. Leuchtenberg's inclusion bodies].

Characteristic features of Leuchtenberger's inclusion bodies of adenomatous, adenopapillary and papillary polyps of the colon were studied by electron microscope. Authors believe that in the development of intracellular inclusion bodies focal degradation of the cytoplasma, of intercellular inclusion bodies, strangulation of certain areas of it may play a role. It is assumed that the development of inclusion bodies is a result of impairment of the cell membrane of proliferating, undifferentiated epithelial cells of the colonic mucosa. Increasing frequency of inclusion bodies in polyps undergoing malignant transformation seems to be an important morphologic feature.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Virus-like inclusions in the cells of the central nervous system in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis].

Electron microscopic examination of the frontal cortex of a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with 14-year prolongation of life by artificial ventilation of the lungs revealed heretofore undescribed cytoplasmic virus-like inclusions in neurons and glial cells as well as changes in the granular endoplasmic reticulum in astrocytes consisting of large accumulations of ribosomes in which regular arrays were frequently observed. The discovered inclusions were not similar to any identified viral inclusions but were similar to virus-like particles found in the muscle in ALS and viral inclusions in experimental poliomyelitis. The role of the observed inclusions and their etiological importance remain obscure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Infantile digital fibromatosis: a study of the development and regression of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies.

An 8-yr-old Japanese boy developed infantile digital fibromatosis in the right ring finger with recurrence and another lesion in the right middle finger. Histologic investigation of the tumor disclosed that the size and frequency of inclusion bodies were inversely proportional to the degree of fibrosis. Electron microscopic study revealed a variety of stages in the development of inclusion bodies, ranging from small, dense aggregates of filaments into bundles with dense bodies traversing the cytoplasm to typical inclusion bodies that also contained cytoplasmic organelles. In areas of dense fibrosis, the cytoplasm of the tumor cells showed areas of constriction and compression by adjacent bundles of collagen. The tendency for a decrease in the number of inclusion bodies in these areas necessitated a differential diagnosis from other fibrous or fibro-histiocytic lesions. Our findings suggest that the tumor may undergo a decrease in the numbers of inclusion bodies and spontaneously may become fibrotic with time. Thus, even as a form of fibromatosis featuring both recurrence and multiple lesions, it may not have a consistently aggressive nature. These findings support the concept that infantile digital fibromatosis should be managed by limited excision rather than by immediate aggressive surgical treatment.

Child↗
PubMed1993

[A comparative immunohistochemical study of ubiquitin-positive skein-like inclusions in anterior horn neurons in subgroups of adult-onset motor neuron diseases].

This study investigated the expression of ubiquitin in anterior horn cells of various subgroups of adult-onset motor neuron diseases (MNDs). Ubiquitin-positive skein-like inclusions (SLIs) were found in all 11 cases of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, two patients with lower MND, 3 sporadic cases of ALS with dementia, 3 sporadic ALS cases with long-term use of respirators, and two cases of sporadic ALS with Lewy body-like hyaline inclusions. This result suggests that a similar pathomechanism is involved in the degeneration of the lower motor neurons in these subgroups. SLIs were not detected in two cases of adult-onset MND with basophilic inclusions. This may indicate that adult-onset MND with basophilic inclusions is a distinct nosological entity of classical ALS and some relationship to juvenile ALS with basophilic inclusions is suggested.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1994

Inclusions similar to Hirano bodies in urinary bladder neurons of dogs.

Unusual intracytoplasmatic inclusions were found in urinary bladder neurons in dogs. The plate-like inclusions were composed of thin filaments, and when viewed en face, appeared as oval or angular bodies with regular lattice work array. When viewed in a transverse section, they were of rod-like shape and were composed of longitudinal filaments and transverse bars. The inclusions were observed in all ganglia of the urinary bladders studied. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the inclusions was made, using a tilting device. By means of this reconstruction, it could be demonstrated that their ultrastructure is similar to that of Hirano bodies which occur in human neurons of the central nervous system in cases of neurodegenerative diseases. The authors suggest that unusual intraneuronal inclusions represent a peculiarity in cytoskeletal protein assembly typical of canine urinary bladder neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Tracheobronchial epithelial multinucleation, viral inclusion bodies and malignant disease.

Patients with malignant disease are known to have an increased incidence of multinucleation in their tracheobronchial ciliated epithelial cells as compared with controls matched by age, sex and smoking habit. A seasonal relationship of viral inclusion bodies in the cilated epithelium of asymptomatic subjects has also been shown and is not related to age, sex and smoking habit. We have conducted an epidemiologic study to determine the possible relationships between these factors. Smears from 4,150 patients with a wide variety of pathologic conditions were examined for the presence of viral inclusions and multinucleated, ciliated epithelial cells. High degress of multinucleation were observed least frequenctly in the summer both in patients with and without known malignancy. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were also seen least frequently in the summer and autumn both in patients with and without know malignancy. In the presence of cancer, multinucleated epithelial cells and inclusion bodies were seen more frequently regardless of the season. When the seasonal incidence of multinucleated cells in 155 smears containing viral inclusion bodies was analyzed, it was found that patients without cancer had the lowest levels of multinucleation in the summer, whereas cancer patients had a depressed incidence of multinucleation in the winter and spring. Respiratory viruses may have a specific effect on the ciliated epithelium of cancer patients.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1996

Centrifugal recovery and dissolution of recombinant Gly-IGF-II inclusion-bodies: the impact of feedrate and re-centrifugation on protein yield.

The impact of centrifuge feedrate and multiple centrifuge passes on protein yield following recombinant Gly-Insulin-like Growth Factor II (Gly-IGF-II) inclusion-body dissolution has been investigated. Altering centrifuge feedrate did not significantly improve the overall protein yield following dissolution. Improved centrifuge recovery at a low feedrate was offset by poorer inclusion body paste purity. This reduced purity resulted in a significant loss of protein during inclusion-body dissolution due to proteolysis. Multiple centrifuge passes improved the inclusion-body paste purity. This resulted in a net improvement in the overall protein yield following dissolution. This work demonstrates that a strong interaction exists between centrifuge performance and inclusion-body dissolution for protease-sensitive products such as Gly-IGF-II.

Bioreactors↗
PubMed1997

[Adenovirus and intranuclear inclusions in the appendix in children with acute intussusception].

One hundred and five appendices removed at the time of surgical reduction of intussusception in children were studied by light microscopy after routine procedures to search for aetiological factors involved in intussusception. Normal pediatric appendix specimens served as controls (n = 30). Light microscopic examination showed viral inclusions in epithelial cells in 48 of 105 appendices (45%) from the cases of intussusception. No viral inclusion was observed in controls. Immunohistochemistry performed on 21 appendices from intussusception with a monoclonal antibody against adenovirus showed intranuclear positivity in all appendices with viral inclusions. Viral inclusions seen in epithelial cells of appendices from cases of intussusception are caused by virus and in particularly by adenovirus. The etiological factors involved in intussusception without viral inclusion in appendix remain unknown.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Mitochondrial intermembrane inclusion bodies: the common denominator between human mitochondrial myopathies and creatine depletion, due to impairment of cellular energetics.

Mitochondrial inclusion bodies are often described in skeletal muscle of patients suffering diseases termed mitochondrial myopathies. A major component of these structures was discovered as being mitochondrial creatine kinase. Similar creatine kinase enriched inclusion bodies in the mitochondria of creatine depleted adult rat cardiomyocytes have been demonstrated. Structurally similar inclusion bodies are observed in mitochondria of ischemic and creatine depleted rat skeletal muscle. This paper describes the various methods for inducing mitochondrial inclusion bodies in rodent skeletal muscle, and compares their effects on muscle metabolism to the metabolic defects of mitochondrial myopathy muscle. We fed rats with a creatine analogue guanidino propionic acid and checked their solei for mitochondrial inclusion bodies, with the electron microscope. The activity of creatine kinase was analysed by measuring creatine stimulated oxidative phosphorylation in soleus skinned fibres using an oxygen electrode. The guanidino propionic acid-rat soleus mitochondria displayed no creatine stimulation, whereas control soleus did, even though the GPA solei had a five fold increase in creatine kinase protein per mitochondrial protein. The significance of these results in light of their relevance to human mitochondrial myopathies and the importance of altered cell energetics and metabolism in the formation of these crystalline structures are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Tumor markers in inclusion cysts of the ovary.

The immunoperoxidase method was used to determine whether carcinoembryonic antigen, beta subunit of HCG placental lactogen, pregnancy-associated alpha-2 glycoprotein, and pregnancy-specific beta-1 glycoprotein could be found in inclusion cysts of the ovary. These tumor markers are found in the serum of patients with common epithelial carcinomas of the ovary and inclusion cysts are considered to be the origin of these tumors. Placental lactogen was found in 56 of 118 inclusion cysts, beta subunit of HCG in four of 141 cysts, alpha-2 glycoprotein in five of 141, and beta-1 glycoprotein in two of 118. it was concluded that primitive cells in inclusion cysts elaborate the same tumor markers found in serous cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. This observation, although not proving origin of tumor from the inclusion cyst, demonstrates a significant characteristic shared in common by all three.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1995

Ovarian dysplasia in epithelial inclusion cysts. A morphometric approach using neural networks.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian dysplasia has been described in the ovarian surface epithelium by histologic and morphometric studies. This study evaluates ovarian dysplasia in epithelial inclusion cysts adjacent to overt carcinoma and also incidentally found in ovaries removed for nonneoplastic diseases, including oophorectomies for family history of ovarian cancer, using an artificial neural network. METHODS: Histologic sections from 37 ovaries of which 26 were diagnosed with dysplasia in epithelial inclusion cysts (10 adjacent to carcinoma and 16 incidental) and 11 with benign epithelial inclusion cysts were evaluated by tracing nuclear profiles and assessing measures of nuclear area, shape, and texture. These sections were analyzed using artificial neural networks and also statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis test with the Dunn procedure to compare the morphologic similarity of dysplasia found incidentally in inclusion cysts unrelated to carcinoma from that in inclusion cysts adjacent to carcinoma. RESULTS: Neither statistical nor artificial neural network analysis was able to distinguish between incidental and adjacent dysplasia. Both types differed significantly from the control cases. CONCLUSIONS: Neural networks are powerful classification tools when applied to multiple variables extracted from individual cases. In this study, they helped to substantiate the similarity between dysplasia found incidentally and that adjacent to ovarian carcinoma. Because dysplasia represents a potential precancerous lesion, its incidental finding may help identify patients at risk for developing ovarian carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed2001

Novel 4-vinylpyridine-extended metal-dibenzoylmethanate host frameworks: structure, polymorphism, and inclusion properties.

In this contribution we show that host materials based on metal dibenzoylmethanates (DBM) can be extended in a versatile way by decreasing the packing efficiency of the simpler metal DBM's reported earlier. Specifically, this can be accomplished by coordinating two 4-vinylpyridines (4-ViPy) to the metal (Ni or Co) DBM units to give [M(4-ViPy)2(DBM)2] host complexes. These display a remarkable polymorphism and an ability to form inclusion compounds with a large variety of organic species. Five non-clathrate phases representing three polymorphic types and twenty-eight inclusion compounds with nineteen guests, representing five structural types were isolated and studied in varying degrees of detail. The inclusion compounds can be prepared by recrystallization or by interaction of the solid host with guest vapor. In the latter case, the process realization, kinetics and final product strongly depend on the host polymorph chosen as starting material. Kinetic studies executed with powder XRD suggest that transient formation of inclusion compounds may occur even during solvent vapor induced transformation of one guest-free polymorph to another. The beta polymorph of the Ni-host reveals the strongest clathratogenic ability as well as a high selectivity towards certain homologues and isomers. Its properties give insight into the concept of "flexible zeolite mimics", or "apohosts", as this empty host form is energetically and structurally predisposed towards inclusion processes. In all eleven (three host and eight clathrate) structures studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction the [M(4-Vi-Py)2(DBM)2] complex molecule is transconfigured. In most, the host molecules show effective packing in one dimension by forming parallel chains. Guest species are located between the chains in cages or channels formed by combining voids in the host molecules belonging to adjacent chains. The corresponding Ni and Co versions of the compounds studied were similar.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Separation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by selective inclusion in guanidinium-1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate-2-methoxyethanol host networks.

Hydrogen-bonded networks composed of guanidinium (G) and 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate (NDS) have been developed for the selective inclusion and separation of fatty acid esters based on their degree of unsaturation. Porous crystalline networks have been synthesized and include fatty acid esters during crystallization from both methanol and 2-methoxyethanol. Crystalline networks formed in methanol are selective for the inclusion of saturates in preference to polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters, but their applicability is limited by the competing inclusion of the solvent methanol. In 2-methoxyethanol, a three-component host structure is formed that provides 4.1 x 4.7 A2 pores which are also selective for saturated fatty acid ester inclusion. These networks do not suffer from the competing inclusion of the solvent 2-methoxyethanol as is the case with methanol, and thus complete removal of initial saturated fatty acid 2-methoxyethyl esters is possible. Binary selectivity experiments on mixtures of the 2-methoxyethyl esters of saturated stearic acid and the omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid reveal that this three-component network structure provides nearly complete resolution of these two guests in the crystal and filtrate fractions. Separation of the 2-methoxyethyl esters of alpha-linolenic acid from the monounsaturated oleic acid is also possible, although with decreased efficiency in comparison to removal of the saturated fatty acid ester.

Absorption↗
PubMed2005

Organic intercalation material: reversible change in interlayer distances by guest release and insertion in sandwich-type inclusion crystals of cholic acid.

Cholic acid (CA) forms inclusion crystals that have a sandwich-type lamellar structure constructed by the alternative stacking of host bilayers and guest layers. Five disubstituted benzenes, o-toluidine, m-fluoroaniline, o-chlorotoluene, o-bromotoluene, and indene, are accommodated in the two-dimensional void space between the host bilayers at 1:2 host-guest stoichiometries. Thermal gravimetric analysis of the inclusion crystals revealed that all the guest molecules, except o-toluidine, are released in two separate steps, indicating the formation of intermediate crystals after the first guest release. Adequate heat treatment of the four inclusion crystals induces release of half or three quarters of the guest molecules. X-ray diffraction patterns of the intermediate crystals revealed that the crystals have a bilayer structure the same as those of the common CA inclusion crystals. They have one-dimensional cavities, in which the guest molecules are included at a 1:1 or 2:1 host-guest stoichiometry. These facts indicate that the host bilayers move 1.6-4.5 A perpendicular to the layer direction by desorption of the guest molecules. Furthermore, a reverse structural change is also achieved by absorption of the guest molecules to regenerate the starting sandwich-type inclusion crystals. This reversible change in the host bilayer by the guest sorption and desorption is a novel example of organic intercalation materials.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Phase solubility and inclusion complex of itraconazole with beta-cyclodextrin using supercritical carbon dioxide.

Phase-solubility techniques were used to assess the formation of inclusion complex between itraconazole and beta-cyclodextrin. The stability constant and free energies of transfer of itraconazole from aqueous solution to the cavity of beta-cyclodextrin were calculated. Itraconazole solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO(2)) was measured at different temperatures and pressures. Drug formulations of itraconazole were prepared by complexation of the drug into beta-cyclodextrin using SC CO(2). Effects of temperature and pressure on inclusion yield of the prepared complexes were studied. The solvent-free inclusion complexes obtained from this method were characterized by UV spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy and compared to those obtained from physical mixing and coprecipitation methods. Results showed that beta-cyclodextrin significantly improved solubility of itraconazole in aqueous solutions. The free energies of transfer of itraconazole from aqueous solution to the cavity of beta-cyclodextrin increased negatively with increasing beta-cyclodextrin concentration. Higher inclusion yields were obtained in the SC CO(2) method compared to physical mixing and coprecipitation methods. Both temperature and pressure had significant effects on itraconazole solubility in SC CO(2) and the inclusion yield of the complex prepared by SC CO(2) method.

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning↗