Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “IRIDECTOMY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Post-operative inflammation following deep sclerectomy with collagen implant versus standard trabeculectomy.

BACKGROUND: An investigation was carried out to compare post-operative inflammation following deep sclerectomy with collagen implant (DSCI) versus standard trabeculectomy. METHODS: In this prospective randomized study, 46 eyes of 46 Caucasian patients with medically uncontrolled chronic open-angle glaucoma and without previous glaucoma surgery underwent filtering surgery. Twenty-four eyes underwent DSCI. Twenty-two eyes underwent standard trabeculectomy. Pre- and post-operative flare, measured using laser flare photometry, were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In both groups, the mean anterior chamber flare increased on the first post-operative day, then decreased progressively. DSCI was associated with lower flare measurements post-operatively. The difference was statistically significant up to 1 month post-operatively: 16.3 +/- 7.8 vs 72.5 +/- 38.9 (P < 0.001) at 1 day, 7.8 +/- 4.6 vs 44.7 +/- 29.2 (P < 0.001) at 1 week, 5.9 +/- 1.6 vs 7.0 +/- 2.8 (P = 0.012) at 1 month, 6.4 +/- 1.8 vs 6.5 +/- 1.9 (P = 0.77) at 2 months, 5.9 +/- 1.8 vs 6.1 +/- 1.6 (P = 0.65) at 3 months. CONCLUSION: Surgically induced inflammation can be reduced with DSCI. This may be due to the lack of iridectomy, irrigation, and penetration of the anterior chamber. Eyes at increased risk of post-operative inflammation, such as those with uveitic or traumatic glaucoma, may benefit from this procedure. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term functional and anatomical outcomes of DSCI.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Phagocytosis of rod outer segments by human iris pigment epithelial cells in vitro.

BACKGROUND: We set out to evaluate the growth potential of human iris pigment epithelial (hIPE) cells in vitro, to establish whether these cells acquire the ability to phagocytose rod outer segments (ROS) and to compare the phagocytic activity of hIPE to that of human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells. METHODS: hIPE and hRPE cells were isolated and cultured from human donor eyes and surgical specimens and growth characteristics were analyzed. HIPE and hRPE of an eye of a 46-year-old donor were used for the phagocytosis assay. Phagocytosis was evaluated by adding ROS isolated from porcine retina to cultures of hIPE and hRPE, which had been labeled with the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye, carboxy-SNAFL. After 4 h the number of ingested ROS was counted with a light microscope. For each cell type phagosomes in 500 cells were counted. The epithelial characteristics of the cells used in this study were evidenced by their morphology. RESULTS: Morphologically cultured hIPE are indistinguishable from the hRPE cultured from the same donor eye and show a similar pattern of cytokeratin distribution. Cultured hIPE acquire the ability to phagocytose ROS at a level slightly lower than hRPE; hIPE contained 0.76 phagosomes per cell, hRPE 0.99 phagosomes per cell. CONCLUSION: The morphology of hIPE in culture and the acquisition of the phagocytic phenotype indicate that these cells have the ability to differentiate into cells that have characteristics in common with hRPE. The acquisition of phagocytic activity suggests that it is feasible to culture hIPE from surgical iridectomies and that these cultured cells can be transplanted into the subretinal space in individuals with retinal degenerations.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed2001

Late normalization of melanocytomalytic intraocular pressure elevation following excision of iris melanocytoma.

BACKGROUND: Melanocytoma of the iris is a rare tumor which may sometimes undergo necrosis that could result in elevated intraocular pressure through pigment dispersion. Only nine similar patients have been previously reported. METHODS: A 27-year-old woman presented with a dark brown iris stromal mass located between the 4 and 8 o'clock positions in the inferior quadrant. Her left visual acuity was 20/60. The tumor encroached on the lens and caused focal cataract. There was massive pigmented debris over the iridocorneal angle and the intraocular pressure was 42 mmHg. RESULTS: Fine needle aspiration biopsy did not suggest malignancy. A wide sector iridectomy was performed and histopathological examination of the lesion revealed melanocytoma of the iris. There was no ciliary body involvement. In the postoperative period, intraocular pressure, which persisted in the mid-twenties, was successfully lowered with topical dorzolamide and betaxolol drops. These drugs were continued for 2 years while the angle pigmentation gradually disappeared. There has been no documented glaucomatous damage to the optic nerve and visual fields. A year after the cessation of the drops, the left intraocular pressure stabilized and did not rise above 15 mmHg. Her left visual acuity remained 20/25. CONCLUSION: In contrast to previously reported cases, the normalization of intraocular pressure in this patient took 26 months, a period that could be associated with the self-clearing process of pigment from the iridocorneal angle. Close follow-up with medical treatment averted a pressure lowering surgical procedure in this case.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Latanoprost and pigmentation.

Latanoprost is a prostaglandin analogue with well-established efficacy in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Once-daily administration of this drug for up to 5 years is generally well tolerated both locally and systemically. While most reported side effects have been classified as mild in intensity, an increase in iris, eyelash, and periocular pigmentation has been associated with prostaglandin analogue use in some patients. Follow-up studies of patients withdrawn from latanoprost treatment suggest that the increased iridial pigmentation is irreversible while changes in eyelash and periocular skin pigmentation are reversible after cessation of therapy. Concern as to whether latanoprost affects proliferation of iridial melanocytes or other cellular components prompted investigation into its mechanism of action. All available evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies suggests that latanoprost does not induce melanocyte proliferation. Morphologic study of human peripheral iridectomy specimens did not reveal any significant latanoprost-induced pathologic change in the iris. There was no evidence of melanin granules blocking the outflow pathways in treated patients. Stimulation of melanogenesis in iridial melanocytes, perhaps through an effect on tyrosinase, appears to account for induction of melanin production. Additional studies are in progress to further elucidate the mechanism of latanoprost-induced increased iridial pigmentation.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1975

Late glaucoma after interstitial keratitis.

In a systematic study of 45 patients who had syphilitic interstitial keratitis early in life and, many years later, were discovered to have glaucoma, there was evidence of two different but equally common mechanisms. In one group of patients, a deep-chamber type of glaucoma was superimposed on old inflammatory changes, was characteristically refractory to medical treatment, but did well with filtering surgery. The other group of patients had reversible angle-closure glaucoma associated with anatomically small anterior segments, and typically responded well to iridectomy. The late, refractory, deep-chamber type of glaucoma may involve endothelialization and formation of glass membrane in the angle, as seen in one excised eye. Occurrence of the shallow-chamber, reversible angle-closure type of glaucoma after interstitial keratitis may be coincidental, since no other evidence supports the idea that small anterior segments might be particularly prevalent among patients who have had congenital syphilis or interstitial keratitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Juvenile glaucoma associated with goniodysgenesis.

Clinicopathologic studies, including electron microscopy, of trabeculectomy and peripheral iridectomy specimens from three patients with "juvenile" glaucoma revealed varying forms of maldevlopment of the chamber angle in all cases. A 20-year-old white woman (Case 1) had associated iridogoniodysgenesis with a pseudopolycoria-like iris pattern. In a 39-year-old white woman (Case 2), goniodysgenesis was associated with degenerated cell remnants in the angle "cleavage" area. A 15-year-old mentally retarded white boy (Case 3) displayed features of juvenile pigmentary glaucoma with associated goniodysgenesis and megalocornea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Microsurgical anterior chamber utility forceps.

Anterior chamber utility forceps were designed primarily to remove capsular fragments and aid in performing iridectomies through small incisions in extracapsular cataract extractions.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1977

Necrotic melanocytoma of iris with secondary glaucoma.

A 23-year-old white man had a pigmented iris tumor that was not enlarging; it produced satellite iris lesions, diffuse pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork, and secondary glaucoma. Although enucleation was initially recommended, we chose to remove only the primary lesion with a sector iridectomy. Histologically, the lesion proved to be a benign melanocytoma that had undergone extensive necrosis. Postoperatively, the satellite lesions, pigmentation in the angle, and glaucoma all resolved.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Reopening of occluded filtering blebs by argon laser photocoagulation.

We attempted to re-establish filtration in 11 glaucomatous eyes of patients who had undergone fistulizing surgery in the past, had poor or no filtration at various periods of time after surgery, and intraocular pressure above normal levels. Our technique consisted of applying an argon laser beam to the anterior chamber angle at the sclerotomy site of previous filtering and anterior to the iridectomy. Approximately 200 spots of 50 mu size were applied to this target with the help of a Goldmann prismatic goniolens. In five of 11 eyes the fistulizing blebs showed signs of activity shortly after the laser treatment with normalization of IOP during a follow-up period of over one year. Success was obtained in eyes with incomplete scarring of their fistulizing blebs with poor and nonfunctioning filtering cysts. Pigmentation of the target at the occluded sclerotomy site was significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Subconjunctival dislocation of intraocular lens implant.

Eight weeks after intracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of a Binkhorst iris-clip lens joined with a suture to a peripheral iridectomy at the 12 o'clock position, a 52-year-old woman struck the right side of her head. The corneoscleral wound ruptured for three fourths of its length and the artificial lens was located in the subconjunctiva in the superior-nasal quadrant of the eye. The lens was removed, the iris reposited, and the anterior chamber reformed, and the wound resutured. Her vision was 6/12 (20/40) at the time of discharge.

Eye Injuries↗
PubMed1978

Oculodentodigital dysplasia syndrome with angle-closure glaucoma.

A 14-year-old girl with typical oculodentodigital syndrome had been treated for chronic glaucoma for seven years. She had corneas measuring R.E.: 10 mm; L.E.: 9 mm, with narrow angles open on the right, but almost entirely closed on the left. Gonioscopic examination of the right iris revealed that the root was attached forward on the trabecular meshwork, which suggested a congenital anomaly. Peripheral iridectomies were ineffective. In a case previously studied, a 20-year-old woman with typical oculodentodigital syndrome developed typical acute angle-closure glaucoma seven years after the original examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Vitreous wick syndrome.

A 67-year-old man had vitreous wick syndrome after an uncomplicated intracapsular cataract extraction with a sector iridectomy in the left eye. The intraocular infection cleared with antibiotic therapy including intravitreal antibiotic injection, but a residual anterior cyclitic membrane and shallow anterior chamber persisted. An anterior vitrectomy was performed later in the course of treatment after the intraocular infection subsided, to relieve the shallow anterior chamber, prolonged hypotony, and ciliary body detachment. Final visual acuity was 6/15+(20/50+) in the left eye.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Central corneal endothelial cell density and central corneal thickness in ocular hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma.

In order to assess the effect of increased intraocular pressure on the corneal endothelium, we classified 254 patients into four groups: Group 1, those with normal intraocular pressures; Group 2, those with untreated ocular hypertension; Group 3, those with treated ocular hypertension; and Group 4, those with primary open-angle glaucoma. One eye of each patient underwent specular microscopy and pachymetry. The eyes in the four groups did not differ significantly as to central corneal endothelial cell density or central corneal thickness. These measurements were not related to sex, race, or intraocular pressure (P greater than .12 in all cases). Increasing age was associated with a decrease in central corneal endothelial cell density (P = .0001), but was not associated with a change in central corneal thickness (P = .22). There was no significant relationship between the use of topical ocular hypotensive medications and central corneal endothelial cell density (P = .38) or central corneal thickness (P = .07) in patients with ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma. Neither uncomplicated peripheral iridectomy nor trabeculectomy produced significant changes when preoperative measurements were compared to measurements made 12 weeks postoperatively (P greater than .30 in all cases). Two eyes with flat anterior chambers following trabeculectomy had substantial decreases in central corneal endothelial cell density.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pupillary block after intraocular lens implantation.

Seventeen patients, ranging in age from 40 to 86 years, developed pupillary block detected one week to three years after intraocular lens implantation. Sixteen of the implants were anterior chamber intraocular lenses and one was a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Despite iris bombé that closed the anterior chamber angle, many cases were asymptomatic and were discovered fortuitously during routine postoperative examinations. Laser iridotomy or iridectomy eliminated the pupillary block in all 17 cases, but permanent synechial closure of a portion of the anterior chamber angle persisted in most cases and sometimes required medication or further surgery. One eye eventually lost all light perception.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Iridoschisis associated with glaucoma and bullous keratopathy.

Two of six patients (four women and two men ranging in age from 51 to 90 years) with bilateral senile iridoschisis also had secondary unilateral narrow angle or angle-closure glaucoma. All six patients had splitting of the iris stroma inferiorly. Histopathologic studies disclosed marked iris stromal atrophy without evidence of vascular or neural alterations. Vessels were present in the separated anterior stroma. Electron microscopy of iridectomy specimens from three patients and a corneal button from one disclosed scant or absent collagen fibrils in the area of separation. The cornea showed focal loss of endothelial cells, patchy posterior banding (110 nm) of Descemet's membrane, and stromal and epithelial edema. The posterior corneal surface showed degenerated endothelial cells and irregular connective tissue most marked inferiorly; the endothelial cells appeared to be normal.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

The endothelium in primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Specular microscopy of 56 eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma showed a significant (P less than .05) loss of endothelial cells in eyes when any of the following were present: visual field loss; a cup-disk ratio greater than 0.5; a previous acute attack of angle closure; and surgery in addition to peripheral iridectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Differentiation of adenoma of the iris pigment epithelium from iris cyst and melanoma.

A 32-year-old black man had a deeply pigmented anterior uveal lesion that was indenting and subluxing the lens. The mass was successfully removed by a sector iridectomy and diagnosed histologically as an adenoma of the iris pigment epithelium. Although this rare tumor is sometimes misdiagnosed clinically as a malignant melanoma or iris cyst, it has distinctive clinical features which should differentiate it from these other entities.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Bilateral angle-closure glaucoma in association with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Two homosexual men, 35 and 42 years old, had bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma in association with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In one patient, the angle-closure attack was the initial manifestation of AIDS. Choroidal effusion with secondary anterior rotation of the ciliary body at the scleral spur appeared to be the pathophysiologic mechanism. Pupillary block, angle crowding, and inflammatory synechial angle closure must be differentiated from anterior rotation of the ciliary body as the mechanism of the angle closure to provide optimal treatment. Whereas primary angle closures are treated with miotics and iridectomy, secondary angle closure may be worsened with this treatment. Cycloplegics and, if necessary, drainage of suprachoroidal fluid may be curative in AIDS-related angle closure associated with a choroidal detachment. Both patients died before the long-term efficacy of this treatment could be assessed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗