Flying stress and urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid levels during twenty-hour missions.
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In primary care, the management of stress-related diseases occupies a wide spectrum of prevention and treatment, from holistic health care to final cure, centered on medical health and an organic integration of body, mind, and social parameters. Inquiries are being made at examinations and interviews to obtain information on the health condition of the patient, but, they are inadequate. There is a need for an objective indicator to help in the diagnosis. With the introduction of the Stress Barometer (measurements of 17-ketosteroid sulfates and 17-hydroxy-corticosteroids) it has become possible to obtain critical information on a patient in a very short time. This method allows early detection of stress, depression state and tiredness from work which is not presently possible from blood tests. It then becomes possible to call the patient's attention to these matters and to work at increasing awareness, energy levels, and responses to the conditions that are determined in this manner.
The circadian rhythm of urinary 17-OHCS was studied in nine normal subjects before and after oral metyrapone administration (750 mg every 4 hrs over a period of 24 hrs). The test was carried out twice in each subject with a shift of 12 hrs in the time of first administration (0800-test and 2000-test). For data from serial measurements of steroid metabolites on urine collected at 2-h intervals, the least squares fit of a 24-h cosine curve allowed the demonstration of a rhythm both in control conditions and during the 48-h span following metyrapone administration. Circadian acrophases were substantially similar. Total urinary 17-OHCS output in the first 24-h day following metyrapone was higher in the 2000-test as compared with the 0800-test (P less than .001). Conversely, in the second 24-h day, higher values were obtained in the 0800-test (P less than .025). The combined 48-h exretion, however, was identical in the two groups. The results suggest a time-limited action of metyrapone upon the pituitary-adrenal axis, since the increased excretion of 17-OHCS seems essentially accounted for by an exaggerated impulsive phase of ACTH secretion during the early morning hours.
Two groups of noninbred male guinea pigs (initial bw 250-300 g) received test rations in which 50% of standard ration protein were substituted for milk protein (P 20/80) and its enzymatic hydrolysate (H 20/80). The influence of P 20/80 and H 20/80 on some parameters of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) barrier function and 17-OCS metabolism was studied. The action of H 20/80 as compared to P 20/80 was expressed in the intensified excretion of free fraction of 17-OCS and glucuronides. The content of hydroxylated glucocorticoids increased in both fractions. At the same time elevated total proteolytic activity in the gastric mucosa and a tendency to decreased GIT permeability for chicken ovalbumin macromolecules were observed in animals that received H 20/80. It has been suggested that enzymatic hydrolysates of food proteins influence endocrine regulation of metabolic processes.
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