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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Cutaneous malignant melanoma in Hawaii--an update.

In an examination of the descriptive epidemiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Hawaii for the period of 1960 through 1980, we identified 589 cases of invasive disease. On analysis, we found that the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma increased substantially among all age groups, both sexes and all anatomic sites in whites during the study period. In contrast, little change in incidence was found for nonwhites. Our findings are in agreement with the hypothesis that solar ultraviolet radiation is a causal factor for the occurrence of this condition among whites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Skin cancer/melanoma public and professional education in Hawaii: an integrated approach to technology transfer.

The CCPH skin cancer/melanoma education components which have been implemented to date have had an impact on the public and professional target audiences. The comic book/TV/radio media campaign, conducted during the summer months of 1981, appears to have raised public skin cancer/melanoma knowledge levels and positively affected behavior. Results of the physician training sessions also suggest immediate posttraining gains. Follow-up data may provide evidence of long-term knowledge and behavior change. Materials for health and personal services professionals are in final production and, based on the success of completed components, should contribute to improved skin cancer prevention, detection and treatment practices in Hawaii.

Education, Medical, Continuing↗
PubMed1980

Cancer patterns of four ethnic groups in Hawaii.

Cancer risks were compared in the Japanese, Chinese, Hawaiian, and Filipino populations of Hawaii with those in the U.S. white population. The analysis used standardized incidence ratio(s) (SIR), based on the U.S. white incidence rates for 1970. In general, the risks for many major cancers in the Japanese, Chinese, and Filipinos were low in relation to U.S. whites, whereas those for Hawaiians were high. However, the SIR values for the various cancer sites and types varied considerably within each ethnic group. Ethnic-specific data on smoking, drinking, and dietary habits and on sociologic and demographic factors were examined in relation to the SIR findings. Some of the results were consistent with current etiologic hypotheses, whereas others suggested areas for further epidemiologic study.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Brucellosis in wild swine: a serologic and bacteriologic survey in the southeastern United States and Hawaii.

Sera from wild swine from 20 populations in 11 southeastern states and Hawaii were tested for brucellosis by the card, tube, plate, buffered plate antigen, complement-fixation, and rivanol tests. Twenty-one of 352 (6.0%) swine were considered seropositive, and these animals originated from 7 populations in 5 states: Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and South Carolina. Cultural examinations for Brucella suis also were made from subsamples of the swine tested serologically. Brucella suis biotype 1 was isolated from lymph nodes or seminal vesicles from wild swine in 2 areas in Florida and 1 in Louisiana.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Racial variation of cephalometric measurements in Hawaii.

To establish the race-specific norms and investigate the underlying etiological basis of racial differences in malocclusion, cephalometric measurements of Steiner were analyzed for five major racial groups in Hawaii: Caucasians, Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, and Hawaiians. Subjects consisted of 210 healthy and orthodontically normal individuals of both sexes aged 15 years or older. Analysis of age- and sex-adjusted cephalometric values showed that bone-to-bone relationships are largely comparable among races with an exception of GoGn/SN. Significant racial differences are incisal inclinations in relation to the maxilla, the mandible, or the opposite incisors, with the least inclination for Caucasians and the greatest for Chinese. The result is general tendency of bimaxillary protrusion of non-Caucasians. No significant differences were detected in arch lengths of both jaws among these groups. It is suggested that the observed higher prevalence of mesioclusion in non-Caucasians--especially Orientals--is due to an imbalance of tooth dimension to the alveolar bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The immunologic staging of chronic active hepatitis B patients in Hawaii.

The hepatitis B antigen/antibody levels and natural killer cell activity status of chronic hepatitis B patients identified by the Hawaii State Department of Health were evaluated to select chronically infected hepatitis B patients for interferon therapy and to determine possible immunodeficiencies. The presence of hepatitis Be antigen denotes active replication of the virus. Ninety-five patients were studied: 17/95 (18%) had chronic active hepatitis B, 71/95 (75%) were hepatitis B carriers and 7/95 (7%) had seroconverted. NK activity to the erythroleukemia K562 cell and virus-infected HSV-1 cell of the chronic active and carrier population (P < .05) were lower than that of the control population and those who had spontaneously seroconverted. Of this population 18% were identified with active viral infection and would be candidates for interferon therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Outbreak of gastrointestinal illness associated with consumption of seaweed--Hawaii, 1994.

Seaweed is frequently served as a side dish at meals in the Pacific Islands and is a common component in the diet of many persons living in the Pacific Rim. Seaweed is often harvested at beaches, gathered in nearshore waters, or purchased at local markets. It is served either raw or cooked and is commonly prepared with salt and/or other spices and herbs (e.g., chili pepper, ginger, and garlic). Previous reports have documented a toxic illness associated with seaweed harvested in some locations in the Pacific (1,2). This report summarizes the investigation of an outbreak of acute gastrointestinal illness associated with consumption of seaweed during a picnic in Hawaii in September 1994.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Hybridizing the health care plans of Hawaii, Oregon, and Singapore.

Universal coverage requires costcontainment. Working models of health care coverage from Hawaii, Oregon, and Singapore address different aspects of cost-containment. Hybridizing the three produces the following system: A percentage of an individual's salary is mandatorily set aside in an individual medical account. Using these savings, the individual purchases catastrophic medical insurance with a managed care organization. Residual funds are used as a deductible or co-payment and to purchase additional medical services as desired. Enough funds should accumulate during an individual's working life to enable continued coverage after retirement. The basic health care package needs to be limited and is defined by a systematic and rational process based on cost-benefit analysis and democratic consensus regarding priorities and coverage. Medicaid recipients get the same basic package from managed care organizations as that available to the rest of the population; low wage earners receive sliding-scale subsidies from the government. Co-payments and deductibles remain in place except for beneficial preventive services.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1995

The new Hawaii Comfort Care Only-Do Not Resuscitate law.

The new Hawaii law creating the Comfort Care Only-Do Not Resuscitate order allows terminally ill patients to be treated by ambulance personnel for comfort and pain control, and to not be resuscitated when they are near death.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1995

Tuberculosis among foreign-born persons who had recently arrived in the United States--Hawaii, 1992-1993, and Los Angeles County, 1993.

During 1986-1994, the number of tuberculosis (TB) cases reported annually among foreign-born persons in the United States increased 55% (from 4925 to 7627), and the proportion of all cases accounted for by persons who were foreign-born increased from 22% to 32%--increases that reflect, in part, effects of recent immigration (1). The largest numbers of foreign-born persons with TB originated from Mexico, Philippines, and Vietnam; persons from these countries currently account for the largest numbers of recent immigrants to the United States (2). This report summarizes a review of foreign-born persons in whom TB was diagnosed in Hawaii during 1992-1993 and in Los Angeles County during 1993 and assesses the impact of screening on the identification of TB among foreign-born persons residing in the United States for < or = 1 year at the time of diagnosis.

Asia↗
PubMed1994

Allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplant experiences in Hawaii.

Allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) was first performed successfully at St. Francis Medical Center in 1978. Since that time, 91 BMTs have been performed for aplastic anemia, leukemia, lymphoma, and Stage II, III and IV breast cancers. This article will explain the methods, complications and results of BMT in Hawaii.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1995

Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Hawaii: is there a difference between ethnic groups?

This population-based study in Hawaii collected cases of systemic lupus erythematosus from medical facilities and a patient support group. A total of 454 cases was found and the prevalence was estimated at 41.8 per 100,000 population for 1989. The prevalence odds ratio for all non-Caucasians compared to Caucasians was 1.2 (0.9-1.5), for Japanese 1.3 (1.0-1.7), for Filipinos 1.5 (1.1-2.0), for Chinese 2.4 (1.7-3.4), and for Hawaiians 0.8 (0.6-1.1). Mortality rates were 3 times higher for non-Caucasians than for Caucasians in 1985 to 1989. Despite the observed differences, it remains unclear whether individuals with Asian or Pacific Islander ancestry are at higher risk for systemic lupus erythematosus. The variation in prevalence rates may be a result of differences in access to medical care and in survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Adequacy of a pre-participation examination form: a study of Hawaii physicians.

Many states currently require a medical screening prior to participation in organized sports. The purpose of this study was to examine the adequacy of the existing pre-participation examination form in Hawaii. One hundred forty-eight physicians who perform school health/pre-participation physical examinations were surveyed. The results indirectly suggest that these physicians agreed that the form should be modified and improved (p, .001).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Physical health symptomatology of Gulf War-era service personnel from the states of Pennsylvania and Hawaii.

We present data on physical health and possible "Gulf War syndrome" from a Congressionally mandated study of over 4,000 active duty and reserve service members from the states of Hawaii and Pennsylvania who served during Operation Desert Storm. We found that deployed veterans report significantly more physical health symptoms than non-deployed veterans that cannot be explained by reasons other than deployment alone. We also identified a subgroup of 178 deployed veterans at risk for possible Gulf War syndrome. We recommend that services collect baseline information from units likely to deploy in the future and update that information regularly.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Investigation of increased incidence in childhood leukemia near radio towers in Hawaii: preliminary observations.

Twelve children from the Waianae Coast, Hawaii, were diagnosed with acute leukemia from 1979 to 1990. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 2.09 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08 to 3.65) indicates a significant increase. Seven cases occurred between 1982 and 1984 and were unusual in terms of sex, age, and type of leukemia. A case-control study (12 cases, 48 matched controls) explored risk factors, including parents' occupation, X-ray exposure, domestic smoking, family and medical histories, and distance of children's residence locations to low frequency radio towers. The odds ratio (OR) for having lived within 2.6 miles of the radio towers before diagnosis was 2.0 (95% CI 0.06 to 8.3). The clustering may have been a chance event, but because of its peculiar characteristics, we feel it should be noted.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1994

Radiofrequency catheter cure of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia--first experience in Hawaii.

Radiofrequency catheter ablation is a well-established technique in the therapy of many forms of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Its usage in ventricular arrhythmias is little known. This is a report of its first usage in Hawaii in the treatment of 2 specific forms of ventricular tachycardia in 5 patients without structural heart disease. A cure was achieved in 4 of the 5 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Characteristics of veterans in Hawaii with and without diagnoses of post-traumatic stress disorder.

A total of 118 combat veterans seeking services at the VA Medical Center in Honolulu were assessed on a variety of demographic and psychometric dimensions, permitting the first systematic comparison on the measured variables between veterans with and without PTSD in the multicultural population of veterans in Hawaii. The results have implications for medical interventions with this population.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Epidemiology of stroke among Japanese men in Hawaii during 24 years of follow-up: the Honolulu Heart Program.

This report present epidemiologic data on stroke incidence and mortality as well as on risk factors for total stroke and subtypes of stroke among Japanese men in Hawaii, who were known to have much lower stroke morbidity and mortality than indigenous Japanese men. Of 7,893 men aged 45 to 68 and free of stroke at baseline examination (1965-68), 587 developed first episodes of stroke during 24 years of follow-up through 1989. Comparing the distribution of stroke subtypes before and after the advent of CT scanning in 1976, there was an increase in thromboembolic stroke (67% to 74%), a decrease in subarachnoid hemorrhage (9% to 6%) and unknown type (7% to 2%), and little change in intracerebral hemorrhage (18% to 19%). Total stroke incidence declined from 5.1 to 2.4 per 1,000 person years between 1969 and 1988, with a mean annual rate of decline of 5%. Total stroke mortality in the target population (examined and nonexamined men combined) also declined markedly, at a rate similar to that reported for U.S. white men of comparable ages. The one-month case fatality ratio fell dramatically in hemorrhagic stroke (75% to 29%) and only slightly (13% to 11%) in thromboembolic stroke during the same period. Relationships between a variety of biological, sociocultural and lifestyle factors and the risk of stroke subtypes were evaluated by means of bivariate and multivariate Cox regression models. Hypertension was the strongest and most consistent risk factor for all subtypes of stroke. Other risk factors showed inconsistent patterns of association with stroke subtypes in multivariate analysis.

Age Factors↗