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PubMedDate not supplied

Short-term acceptability of the female condom among staff and patients at a New York City Hospital.

An acceptability study of the female condom undertaken at New York's Harlem Hospital between August 1993 and February 1994 enrolled 52 women aged 18-57, 41 of whom (79%) used the female condom at least once. Of these, one-half used the female condom at least three times and 40% used it once; on average, women used it 2.4 times. Two-thirds of users liked the female condom either very much or somewhat, 20% were neutral and 15% stated that they did not like it. One-half of the women reported that their partner liked the device, while 17% said he felt neutral about it and approximately one-quarter said he disliked it. Seventy-three percent of respondents and 44% of their partners preferred the female condom to the male condom.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Breastfeeding and abstinence among the Yoruba.

Contemporary patterns of breastfeeding and postpartum abstinence among the Yoruba of Nigera are examined. Quite extensive periods of postpartum abstinence are still observed by most rural and poorer urban women to prolong breastfeeding and increase child survivorship. Differentials in duration of breastfeeding and abstinence relate to both socioeconomic factors and age, suggesting the likelihood of large future reductions. Implications for family planning prospects and policies are noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intention to use contraceptives and subsequent contraceptive behavior in Morocco.

In this article, the relationship between stated intention to use contraceptives and subsequent use during a three-year period in Morocco is examined. Longitudinal data are drawn from two Demographic and Health Surveys: the 1992 Morocco DHS and the 1995 Morocco Panel Survey. Reported contraceptive intentions in 1992 have a strong predictive effect on subsequent contraceptive use even after controlling for other characteristics of respondents, and the strength of the effect is second only to that of previous contraceptive use. Women who in 1992 said they intended to use contraceptives in the future but did not do so are the most likely to have had an unmet need for contraception in 1995. Weakly held fertility preferences reported by some of the women surveyed in 1992 appear to have been a contributing factor in the subsequent failure of these women to act upon their intention to practice contraception.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of injectable contraceptive users in a low-income population in Texas.

Among 600 women at 17 family planning clinics in Texas who expressed interest in using the hormonal injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), 536 (89%) actually received the injectable. Thirty percent of the DMPA recipients were younger than 21 and 77% were not married. The average numbers of pregnancies and births were 1.9 and 1.2 per woman; one-third of the women had had at least one abortion. The majority of women receiving DMPA (66%) were using it to space births. Their main sources of information about the method were friends (42%) and health care providers (37%), and the most commonly reported reason for its use was dissatisfaction with previous contraceptive methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Factors determining the choice of contraceptive methods at the Family Planning Clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

In a study of 2000 women volunteers seeking contraceptive services at the Family Planning Clinic (FPC), University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, 66.2 per cent chose the intrauterine device (IUD) making it the most common method of contraception. Factors influencing choice of contraceptive methods were advice from friends and family members, intended duration of use and information from the media. Ignorance, fear and unfounded cultural beliefs were factors responsible for the delay in seeking contraceptive advice. The mass media was an important source of information for most of the women. We conclude that the IUD is the contraceptive of choice in our clinic because of the highly selective nature of our clients. In order to provide a service with a broader clientele, we suggest the incorporation of other priority reproductive health services such as cervical and breast cancer screening, prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

The effects of family planning workers' contact on fertility preferences: evidence from Bangladesh.

Should family planning programs put more effort into persuading couples to want smaller families or into helping women achieve their reproductive goals? Indeed, can family planning programs affect fertility preferences? Longitudinal data from Bangladesh collected from 1982 to 1993 show that women's desired family sizes have declined dramatically. This study examines how the decline in desired family size is related to visits from family planning workers for three intervals: 1982-85, 1985-90, and 1990-93. By use of logistic-regression analysis, the number of rounds during which women received visits from family planning workers is found to have no statistically significant effect on the probability that women altered their preference from wanting more children at the beginning of an interval to wanting no more at the end of the interval.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

"Fewer children, better life" or "as many as God wants"? Family planning among low-income Iranian and Afghan refugee families in Isfahan, Iran.

In the West it is often assumed that religion (esp. Islam) and contraception are mutually exclusive. Yet, the Islamic Republic of Iran has one of the most successful family-planning programs in the developing world, and is often looked to as a potential model for other Muslim countries. Although Iran's family-planning program has been extremely successful among Iranians, it has been far less successful among Afghan refugees and other ethnic groups. Afghans and Iranians both seek services in Iran's public health sector for family health care, treatment of infectious disease, and childhood vaccinations. On these occasions, all adult married patients are strongly encouraged to use family planning to reduce the number of offspring. In this article, we explore how Iran's family-planning program is differentially perceived and utilized among low-income Iranian and Afghan refugee families in rural and urban locations. Particular attention is given to how different interpretations of Islam may or may not influence reproductive health-related behaviors and how cultural factors influence reproductive strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The worldwide use of steroidal contraception.

Historically, concerns about rapidly growing populations and resources that could not support them persuaded governments of developing countries to initiate family planning programs. Between the early 1960s and the early 1980s, the number of governments supporting these programs increased from 7 to approximately 120. Today, 52 governments in developing countries provide support to family planning programs because of the demographic rationale, and 65 governments do so because of human rights and health considerations: The effective use of family planning significantly diminishes infant, child, and maternal mortality and morbidity. Forty-five percent of married women of reproductive age worldwide are practicing contraception today; however, 69% do so in East Asia and only 11% in Africa. Female sterilization and use of intrauterine devices are the most popular methods in developing countries, and oral contraceptives and condoms, in developed countries. Of the 400 million women of reproductive age, 140 million (35%) are relying on family planning methods requiring male cooperation and less than 60 million (15%) are using oral contraceptives. More than half of these oral contraceptive users live in four countries: the United States, Brazil, France, and the Federal Republic of Germany. On the other hand, the percentage of currently married women, aged 15 to 19 years, who have never used any form of contraception is as high as 85% to 90% in Bangladesh, Sudan, and Pakistan. In many developing countries, there is a statistically significant correlation between women's use of contraception and years of education. Other important factors influencing contraceptive prevalence include the established or perceived side effects of currently available methods, the status of women, the political climate, and a number of behavioral and social determinants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Differentials in fertility, family planning practice, and family size values in South Korea, 1965-1971.

Data from five Korean national KAP surveys of currently married women, conducted between 1965 and 1971, are analyzed to determine whether differentials have emerged or are emerging between urban and rural women in three factors of crucial importance for population growth: fertility, family planning practice, and family size values. Graphics are used throughout to analyze urban-rural differentials and trends in these factors over time. In addition, two statistical tests, the sign and binomial, are applied to the differentials to provide a tabular summary of results. Part I provides background information on population growth, urbanization, the achievements of the national family planning program, and economic development in Korea since the 1950's. Part II describes both urban-rural differentials in fertility, as measured by mean parity, for married women aged 30-39 between 1966 and 1971; and urban-rural differentials in the proportions of women aged 25-39 currently practicing family planning between 1965 and 1971. Part III analyzes urban-rural differences in ideal family size and ideal number of sons, controlling for number of living children and number of living sons. Part IV attempts to evaluate the impact of the national family planning program on the fertility, family planning practice, and family size values of the rural population by examining the findings on urban-rural differentials in the context of social and economic development, viewing the program as one of a multitude of variables that can affect these factors.

Adult↗