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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Energetic particle fluxes data base of "CORONAS-I" satellite observations.

The data base DB SCR uses data obtained by the SCR instrument package on the CORONAS-I satellite. DB SCR contains information about fluxes of relativistic electrons (0.5-124 MeV), protons (1-300 MeV), nuclei (1-19 MeV/nucl) and gamma-radiation (0.1-7 MeV) in the low altitude region (500 km). The time resolution of the data is 2.5 s. Magnetic field parameters (B, magnetic latitude and longitude), L-shell and local times (LT and MLT) are included in DB SCR. Since all parameters are equivalents it is possible to perform the multidimensional analysis for any set of DB SCR parameters. The additional DB SCR software packages may be used to develop different semi-empirical models.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1999

Time-resolved measurements with single droplet introduction to investigate space-charge effects in plasma mass spectrometry.

An investigation of the space-charge induced effects of high concentrations of Pb+ matrix ions on Li+ analyte ions in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is presented using a vertically oriented mass spectrometer with single droplet introduction. Greater reproducibility and stability in droplet-to-droplet sample introduction using the monodisperse microparticulate injector (MDMI) was achieved with the vertical orientation. Typical variation (%RSD) in the droplet-to-droplet arrival times, and mass spectrometry peak analytical areas are better than 5%. With this precision, a more quantitative description of the space-charge effect on a single cloud of ions is obtained. Both radial and axial space-charge effects were found to occur in the ion beam. Radial effects result in a loss in intensity because of poor transmission or collisions at surfaces within the mass spectrometer. Axial effects modify the kinetic energy distribution of background ion beam components (e.g., 16O+ and 40Ar+) and sampled ion cloud constituents (e.g., 7Li+). However, axial effects do not appear to generate significant broadening of sampled ion clouds within the mass spectrometer. At the point of charge separation and high ion-beam charge density, the ion cloud maxima for Li and Pb are not coincident. This is because of mass dependent diffusion in the ICP as the ion clouds approach the sampling orifice. Space-charge induced ion loss occurs predominantly at a localized region after the Li+ sampled cloud peak maximum. When the Pb concentration in the sample is sufficiently high the 7Li+ sampled signal has a bimodal peak shape. The existence of the dip and its relative location in the bimodal 7Li+ sampled signal suggests that space-charge effects are localized to the region of high charge density occurring just after charge separation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1984

Analysis of hospital infection surveillance data.

How often infection rates should be calculated and how large a change is required for "significance" are pertinent questions in nosocomial infection surveillance programs. A method is presented which establishes outbreak threshold infection frequencies. Comparison is direct and immediate: computation of rates or use of electronic data processing is not required. We have validated this method, using computer systems, by comparing the distributions of mean weekly incidence and prevalence statistics for each ward by nosocomial infection site in an acute care general hospital against both our theoretical outbreak threshold limits and the distribution of proven infection outbreaks. Sensitive and specific distinction between random variation or sporadic cross-infection and true persisting outbreaks requiring intervention is obtained. This approach provides a simple and timely alternative to intuitive after-the-fact interpretation of infection patterns which is applicable to infection surveillance and cost-effective infection control in hospitals of all sizes.

British Columbia↗
PubMed1975

[Practice and further development of the AMP-system (a report about a symposion and a seminar) (author's transl)].

During two days in November 1974 TV-tapes of psychiatric interviews were demonstrated and the psychopathology was documented on AMP-record sheet 3. It was a purpose of the discussion to get stimulation for the improvement of the AMP-manual and to decrease the interrater-variance. It was only the first tape which was not followed by a discussion. This film was presented a second time at the end of the seminar in order to examine the training effects. Both record-sheets were compared with each other. Generally the variance decreased. The discussion as to an improvement of the AMP-manual lead to the following suggestions: In defining a psychopathological item it is important to differentiate more precisely between the patient's subjective experience and his behaviour, to find better criteria concerning the rating of different intensities and to improve discrimination between singular items. Furthermore the logic of documentation procedure should be unequivocal and more practical. Following the seminar there was a symposion discussion more general and some specific methodological problems of the further development of the AMP-system. Finally study groups were formed to elaborate on the topics "AMP-manual", "rater-training", "social data" and "electronic data processing".

Berlin↗
PubMed1991

Three-dimensional presentation of cardiac morphology.

The results of a research project aiming to visualize cardiac anatomy in a 3-dimensional form for surgical planning are presented. Based on electronic data processing within a local area network environment, serial slices of CT- and MRI-machines were used to construct a 3-dimensional data cube that was illuminated by calculated sources of light. Light rays were traced through the entire "data volume". Mathematically following each pathway of light through the space, the intensity of changes along this path were calculated. The results of applying this "Heidelberg Ray-tracing Technique" to cardiac anatomy are 3-dimensional "computer movies" that appear on any workstation within a computer network. Using special software, the surgeon can "walk" in any direction through the heart or he can break it into two or more parts in order to analyze regions of interest in detail. Even small structures such as papillary muscles, bifurcations, coronary arteries and cusps of cardiac valves become visible. This new technique may enable the surgeon to open the heart prior to surgery on the computer monitor working with a visualized model that corresponds to the visual experience of his daily intraoperative practice.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1989

[Principles of modern determination of refraction].

Electronic data processing systems are being used increasingly to support traditional ophthalmological and optical examination methods. Although the accuracy of the instruments has not increased substantially as a result, measurements have become far easier to perform and examination times have been reduced. The patient is thus subjected to a minimum of stress. The time saved should be used, e.g., for a personal conversation with the patient.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed2003

Quality of the surveillance of surgical wound infections: a 10-year prospective study of 12,364 wounds.

We did a survey of postoperative wound infection rates in our department over a 10-year period. It was based on the results of forms completed by surgeons in the department after each operation and when an infection was diagnosed (primary registration). These forms were sent to the electronic data processing department for registration of data in a database. Every third month, detailed reports of the data were discussed with the surgeons. The quality of this routine survey was evaluated as follows: 1) Every year, the year's data in the surveys database were compared with those in the National Patient Register and, in case of discrepancies, the patient's records were checked and missing information about the operation and infections were recorded in the surveys database (secondary registration). 2) In case of a primary registered infection, the patient's record was carefully examined. Infections not fulfilling the criteria for an infection were called registration failures. The primary registration of operations reached an acceptable level (about 95%) after 5 years of the survey, but the recording of infections was unreliable throughout the study due to an unacceptably low registration rate (about 60%) and to a high rate of registration failures.

Hospital Records↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sharing digital micrographs and other data files between computers.

It ought to be easy to exchange digital micrographs and other computer data files with a colleague even on another continent. In practice, this often is not the case. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods that are available for exchanging data files between computers are discussed. When possible, data should be transferred through computer networking. When data are to be exchanged locally between computers with similar operating systems, the use of a local area network is recommended. For computers in commercial or academic environments that have dissimilar operating systems or are more widely spaced, the use of FTPs is recommended. Failing this, posting the data on a website and transferring by hypertext transfer protocol is suggested. If peer to peer exchange between computers in domestic environments is needed, the use of Messenger services such as Microsoft Messenger or Yahoo Messenger is the method of choice. When it is not possible to transfer the data files over the internet, single use, writable CD ROMs are the best media for transferring data. If for some reason this is not possible, DVD-R/RW, DVD+R/RW, 100 MB ZIP disks and USB flash media are potentially useful media for exchanging data files.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2005

Taste sensor.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Biosensing Techniques↗