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PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of anti-emetic action of domperidone in patients treated with cytostatics].

Domperidone was administered to 40 patients with various neoplastic syndromes to prevent nausea and vomiting observed during previous courses of chemotherapy. It was found, that daily dose of 30 mg completely prevents nausea and vomiting in 30% of patients and significantly lowers such symptoms in further 58% of patients. An increase in a daily dose of 60 mg abolishes nausea and vomiting in 60%, and decrease their intensity in 35% of patients. Domperidone was administered orally during the whole period of chemotherapy without any adverse reactions related to its anti-dopamine actions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pharmacological and anti-emetic properties of ondansetron.

Three main types of 5-HT (serotonin) receptor have been recognised. The 5-HT3 receptor is located on neuronal tissues in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Ondansetron is a highly selective and potent antagonist for this receptor type. The severe nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic agents and radiotherapy can be reduced by metoclopramide treatment, but extrapyramidal side effects are common due to antagonism of dopamine receptors. Ondansetron has been found to significantly delay the onset of emesis, and reduce the number of retches and vomits in ferrets receiving cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, or radiation, at much lower doses than metoclopramide and without the associated side effects. Experiments to define the site of action of ondansetron suggest that at least part of its antiemetic action is in the area postrema, though a peripheral site of action in the upper gastrointestinal tract is also a possibility.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1989

Effect of intracerebroventricular administration of angiotensin II on emetic reflex in dogs.

Area postrema is rich in angiotensin II receptors and intravenous (iv) administration of angiotensin II has been reported to elicit emesis. However, in the present study intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of angiotensin II up to a dose of 10 micrograms failed to elicit emesis. It is suggested that presence of a cerebrospinal fluid-brain barrier in area postrema most probably prevents access of icv angiotensin II to its receptors which are otherwise accessible on iv administration.

Angiotensin II↗