Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Compartment Syndromes”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Infected compartment syndrome after acupuncture.

We present a case of septicaemia and compartment syndrome of the leg in a diabetic patient, following acupuncture to his calf. An emergency decompression fasciotomy was performed on the patient and gram-positive cocci were grown from the posterior compartment wound swab cultures and group A streptococcus from his blood cultures. He remained in the Intensive Therapy Unit postoperatively, requiring inotropic support and intravenous antibiotics for his septicaemia. We would like to remind acupuncturists, to consider the possibility of heightened risks in immunocompromised patients.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed2000

Acute abdominal compartment syndrome with pulseless electrical activity during colonoscopy with conscious sedation.

We report an episode of acute abdominal compartment syndrome, with pulseless electrical activity, in a patient undergoing colonoscopic examination of a recently constructed mucus fistula. Associated clinical features of this acute abdominal compartment syndrome (tension pneumoperitoneum) were abdominal distention, which was very impressive, cardiopulmonary arrest, severe cyanosis, and progressive bradycardia.In general, increased intraabdominal pressure can have numerous adverse physiologic effects, which may include decreased cardiac output, altered ventilation-perfusion relationships, and decreased venous return. The magnitude of each effect likely depends on the magnitude of the increased intraabdominal pressure. Success with initial resuscitation efforts should not diminish further vigilance with these patients, as other problems may be discovered.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1996

[Compression phenomenon of the popliteal veins by bilateral compartment syndromes after many hours of surgery in lithotomy position].

We report on a case of a 64-year-old female patient who developed a compartment syndrome of both lower legs following an extensive surgical procedure performed in lithotomy position. In this case, surgery involved a conversion of a transversal colostomy to a sigmoidostomy. The duration of surgery was extended due to prior interventions. The clinical diagnosis was verified by phlebography and, more importantly, MRI. The phlebogram showed an external compression of the popliteal vein, the MRI an extensive muscle edema. We immediately performed a bilateral fasciotomy, which resulted in restitutio ad integrum. Compartment syndromes due to positioning during surgical procedures are most often encountered after colorectal and urological, but also after cardiosurgical operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Crush injuries of the foot with compartment syndrome: immediate one-stage management.

Severe crush injuries with compartment syndrome were treated in five patients by an immediate one-stage procedure. This procedure included the assessment of skin flap viability with accurate debridement of devascularized tissues. It was performed according to the split-thickness skin excision technique. Compartment pressures were measured and the fasciotomies were performed through open wounds or separate medial and lateral incisions. The medial incision was extended to release the tarsal tunnel. Fractures were reduced and internally fixed and exposed bones were covered with locally transposed muscles. Skin grafts, taken earlier for the skin viability assessment, were meshed and applied to replace skin loss. All wounds and fractures healed uneventfully with no major functional loss. In multiple trauma, the physician should maintain a high index of suspicion for early diagnosis and treatment of severe foot injuries. Early treatment leads to more desirable results, shorter hospitalization, and faster rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Forearm compartment syndrome: anatomical analysis of surgical approaches to the deep space.

Forearm compartment syndrome is a surgical emergency that usually requires release of the superficial muscle compartments. In some clinical situations it is imperative to also explore the deep muscle compartments. There are no anatomical guides for surgical exploration of the deep compartments that would minimize collateral damage to surrounding vessels, nerves, and muscles. Surgical injury in the setting of ischemia, especially vascular injury, compounds the tissue damage that has already occurred. The authors evaluated four surgical approaches (three volar and one dorsal) to the deep forearm by performing detailed anatomical dissections on 10 embalmed and plastinated cadavers. They used a scoring system to rate the approaches for their ability to visualize the deep space without causing iatrogenic injury to superficial muscles, arteries, and nerves. In the volar forearm, an ulnar approach to the deep space is simple, causes the least iatrogenic surgical injury, and provides access to the deep volar forearm structures. The plane of dissection is between the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis. Dividing one or two distal segmental branches of the ulnar artery to the distal flexor digitorum superficialis exposes the pronator quadratus. Lifting the ulnar neurovascular bundle with the flexor digitorum superficialis in the middle third of the forearm exposes the flexor digitorum profundus and the flexor pollicis longus. This approach to the deep space requires no sharp dissection. In the dorsal forearm, a midline approach between the extensor digitorum communis and the extensor carpi radialis brevis is simple and safe.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Compartment syndrome of the forearm due to infusion and transfusion using a pressure pump].

Two cases are reported in whom infusions and transfusions by means of pressure pumps caused a compartment syndrome of the forearm. Subfascial tissue pressure measurement is a decisive device under general anaesthesia to confirm the diagnosis. The development of a compartment syndrome caused by extracorporal fluids, be it an arthroscopy or a transfusion, as well as the indication for a conservative or an invasive procedure are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Acute Compartment Syndrome: Update on Diagnosis and Treatment.

Acute compartment syndrome can have disastrous consequences. Because unusual pain may be the only symptom of an impending problem, a high index of suspicion, accurate evaluation, and prophylactic treatment will allow the physician to intervene in a timely manner and prevent irreversible damage. Muscles tolerate 4 hours of ischemia well, but by 6 hours the result is uncertain; after 8 hours, the damage is irreversible. Ischemic injury begins when tissue pressure is 10 to 20 mm Hg below diastolic pressure. Therefore, fasciotomy generally should be done when tissue pressure rises past 20 mm Hg below diastolic pressure.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

[Bilateral compartment syndrome after colorectal surgery in the lithotomy position].

Lower limb compartment syndrome is an unusual but severe complication of prolonged surgery more than four hours in lithotomy position. It is usually a consequence of hypoperfusion of the lower extremities and muscle necrosis may occur. Several risk factors are pointed out: trendelenburg, the hardness of operating table, hypothermia, control hypotension, occlusion of arterial blood flow of the lower extremity, arteritis (and smoking), diabetes, obesity, arterial hypertension, myopathy and an important muscle mass. The symptoms are postoperative pain with neurological signs. A rapid diagnosis and aggressive management (i.e. resuscitation and aponevrotomy) is recommended. Neurological sequelae are sometimes invalidating. Reporting a case of bilateral syndrome, we reviewed the literature and describe the present diagnosis and therapeutic management as well as prevention modalities of this iatrogenic complication.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Acute compartment syndrome as a complication of a distal forearm fracture: apropos of a case of a child].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We describe a case of acute volar compartment syndrome of the forearm occurred after fracture of the diaphyseal-metaphyseal junction of the distal radius and ulna. MATERIAL: A 7-year-old child fell down steps and injured his left forearm. METHODS: After reduction, the patient developed clinical signs of volar forearm compartment syndrome. Measurement of intramuscular pressure by the saline injection technique confirmed the diagnosis. RESULTS: Early decompressive fasciotomy led to uneventful healing with no residual symptoms. DISCUSSION: We discuss the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of this injury. CONCLUSION: The development of suspicious clinical signs should be supplemented by compartment pressure measurements to determine the need of surgical decompression.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

Minimally invasive fasciotomy in chronic exertional compartment syndrome and fascial hernias of the anterior lower leg: short- and long-term results.

This study evaluated the efficacy of a minimally invasive percutaneous fasciotomy in chronic exertional compartment syndrome and fascial hernias of the anterior lower leg (N = 118). Approximately one-third of symptomatic legs (n = 41) demonstrated fascial herniation and underwent fasciotomy without compartment pressure measurements via a small percutaneous incision using a fasciotome. Symptomatic legs with an intact fascia (n = 77) received similar operative treatment based on pressure measurements. Relief of symptoms was obtained in all but two patients. Postoperative complications included hematoma (9%), superficial peroneal nerve injury (2%), anterior ankle pain (5%), and recurrence (2%). Most patients (96%) reported unlimited exercise after a mean follow-up of 62 months. However, mild symptoms associated with nerve injury as well as ankle pain persisted (4%). A minimally invasive fasciotomy of the anterior lower leg harboring fascial hernias or a chronic exertional compartment syndrome is effective. Complications such as nerve injury and anterior ankle pain may be related to a too distally performed fasciotomy.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2006

Compartment syndrome following total knee arthroplasty: a report of seven cases.

Compartment syndrome is a rare complication of total knee arthroplasty that requires early recognition and prompt decompression in order to prevent long-term disability. We have found only one previous case report in the literature. We present a series of seven cases from four hospitals and five surgeons. Six of the cases resulted in the loss of at least one compartment, and one resulted in amputation. Four of the cases resulted in legal action. We suggest that important risk factors contributing to the development of this condition include complex surgery, soft-tissue compromise, previous surgery, and possibly vascular disease. Delay in the diagnosis and hence delay in decompression was common in our series, and in five cases appeared to be related to the use of a postoperative epidural infusion for pain relief. The presence of associated neurological compromise may have also been a significant factor in the delay to diagnosis in two cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Delayed celiotomy for the treatment of bile leak, compartment syndrome, and other hazards of nonoperative management of blunt liver injury.

BACKGROUND: Management of blunt liver injury is predominantly nonoperative. However, complications occur in 10% to 25% of patients, with half taking place more than 24 hours after injury. Few reports have addressed the management of the new pattern of these delayed complications, which is the objective of this study. METHODS: Adult patients admitted to our level one trauma center from 1995 to 2000 with blunt liver injury were identified. Demographic, physiologic and laboratory data, computed tomography (CT) and operative findings, and complications were reviewed. RESULTS: Blunt liver injury was identified in 192 patients. Thirty-nine patients (20%) underwent immediate celiotomy. The remaining 153 patients were initially managed nonoperatively. Liver-related complications developed in 19 (12%) patients. Fifteen patients underwent delayed celiotomy to treat secondary inflammatory processes, from bile leak (6), hemorrhage (5), and hepatic abscess (1), and to treat abdominal compartment syndrome (2), and decompress hepatic compartment syndrome (1). Although no deaths or complications were directly caused by delayed celiotomy, 2 deaths (11%), occurring early in this series, were attributed to liver-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: These complications, occurring in 12% of patients with liver injuries, may be a consequence of initial nonoperative management. Although these findings do not negate nonoperative management of blunt liver injury, this approach can be hazardous and requires diligence to recognize and treat delayed and potentially fatal complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Pathophysiology and clinical significance of the abdominal compartment syndrome].

Different causes, for example posttraumatic and postoperative complications, can lead to an elevated intra-abdominal pressure. Increased intraabdominal pressure effects cardiovascular, pulmonary and renal systems. The abdominal compartment syndrome can be defined as organ failure caused by an increased intra-abdominal pressure. Clinically the syndrome is characterised by a tensely distended abdomen, oliguria or anuria and/or inadequate ventilation. Early decompression by simple laparotomy and delayed closure is the treatment of choice. If untreated the abdominal compartment syndrome is lethal. Even treated it has a high morbidity and mortality as shown in our series where 2 out of 7 patients with this syndrome died despite surgical decompression.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2006

Indwelling catheter and conservative measures in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome in fulminant acute pancreatitis.

AIM: To study the effect of combined indwelling catheter, hemofiltration, respiration support and traditional Chinese medicine (e.g. Dahuang) in treating abdominal compartment syndrome of fulminant acute pancreatitis. METHODS: Patients with fulminant acute pancreatitis were divided randomly into 2 groups of combined indwelling catheter celiac drainage and intra-abdominal pressure monitoring and routine conservative measures group (group 1) and control group (group 2). Routine non-operative conservative treatments including hemofiltration, respiration support, gastrointestinal TCM ablution were also applied in control group patients. Effectiveness of the two groups was observed, and APACHE II scores were applied for analysis. RESULTS: On the second and fifth days after treatment, APACHE II scores of group 1 and 2 patients were significantly different. Comparison of effectiveness (abdominalgia and burbulence relief time, hospitalization time) between groups 1 and 2 showed significant difference, as well as incidence rates of cysts formation. Mortality rates of groups 1 and 2 were 10.0% and 20.7%, respectively. For patients in group 1, celiac drainage quantity and intra-abdominal pressure, and hospitalization time were positively correlated (r = 0.552, 0.748, 0.923, P<0.01) with APACHE II scores. CONCLUSION: Combined indwelling catheter celiac drainage and intra-abdominal pressure monitoring, short veno-venous hemofiltration (SVVH), gastrointestinal TCM ablution, respiration support have preventive and treatment effects on abdominal compartment syndrome of fulminant acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Lower-extremity compartment syndromes associated with use of pneumatic antishock garments.

Pneumatic antishock garments (PASG) are frequently used to initially support and manage traumatic hypovolemic shock. PASG have been implicated in the development of complicating compartment syndromes of the lower extremities, but cause and effect have not been clearly defined. The present report documents the occurrence of bilateral compartment syndromes in uninjured lower extremities after using PASG and reviews similar reported cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral lower extremity compartment syndromes secondary to intraosseous fluid resuscitation.

Intraosseous infusions are reserved for use in life-threatening hypovolemic or cardiogenic shock when intravenous (i.v.) access cannot be readily established. Although minor fluid extravasation is a common problem with this technique, a fully established compartment syndrome has never been reported. We describe a child with severe compartment syndromes of both lower extremities complicating the use of intraosseous fluid resuscitation.

Bone and Bones↗