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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A case of Crohn's disease limited to the appendix, showing a portentous ultrasonographic finding.

A case of Crohn's disease limited to the appendix is reported. A preoperative ultrasonic study of the lower right abdomen revealed an interesting appearance that we named the "milky way sign." Microscopic findings in the resected specimen confirmed that the sign represented adipose tissue of the mesoappendix that had become involved by transmural inflammation. This seems to be highly suggestive of Crohn's disease.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

Localized vasculitis of the gastrointestinal tract.

We studied the clinical and pathologic findings of 63 patients with localized vasculitis of the gastrointestinal tract, including 35 partial bowel resections, 14 cholecystectomies, five partial pancreatectomies, six appendectomies, one omentectomy, one gastrectomy, and one esophagectomy. Vasculitis was classified histologically as polyarteritis (n = 33), phlebitis (n = 12), Churg-Strauss angiitis (n = 8), small-vessel vasculitis (n = 6), Buerger's disease (n = 2), and giant-cell arteritis (n = 1). Nineteen of 33 cases of polyarteritis affected the small bowel or gallbladder, and nine patients with polyarteritis had elevated serum antinuclear antibodies or rheumatoid factor. Eight of 12 cases of phlebitis affected the right colon; there were giant cells in four of these 12 cases, a history of medication use in seven of eight cases, and no evidence of serum autoantibodies. Short-term follow-up (mean, 5 years) demonstrated that systemic disease developed in six of 23 patients with polyarteritis (four of whom had elevated serum rheumatoid factor or antinuclear antibodies), the patient with giant-cell arteritis, and one of two patients with Buerger's disease. Systemic vasculitis did not develop in patients with other types of vasculitis. We conclude that patients with gastrointestinal phlebitis, polyarteritis without serum autoantibodies, and small-vessel vasculitis have a low short-term risk for the development of systemic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Behçet's syndrome with perforations of the colon.

A case of Behçet's syndrome with mucosal ulcerations of the ascending colon and three perforations of the caecum is described. It is the first documented case of this syndrome where colitis has occurred without concomitant rectal lesions. The reported cases of Behçet's syndrome with associated colonic lesions make up a heterogeneous group. It is suggested that the different patients may have suffered from pathogenetically different diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Have the evaluation and treatment of acute appendicitis changed with new technology?

The evaluation and treatment of acute appendicitis remain essentially unchanged for the majority of individuals who present with this disease. Although advancements have been made in laboratory analysis as well as imaging via ultrasonography and CT, nothing can replace careful evaluation by an experienced surgeon. Appendicitis remains a diagnosis based primarily on history and physical examination, with further studies being useful adjuncts in atypical cases--more likely to occur in the very young or very old and most cost effective when ordered by the surgical consultant. Improvement in outcomes has not been demonstrated with routine use of "new technology." The treatment of acute appendicitis continues to be early surgical intervention. Although laparoscopic appendectomy may offer advantages in women of childbearing age and in obese individuals, its routine use is not indicated based upon current reports in the literature. Debate continues regarding the optimal treatment of the periappendiceal mass. Further clinical research regarding early operation compared with intravenous antibiotics with or without drainage, as well as comparison of outcomes with or without interval appendectomy, needs to be performed. With continued research and definition of populations likely to benefit from advances in technology, a more focused application will be possible. This will lead to improved outcomes and decreased overall cost. The issue of delay in treatment, a major determinant of morbidity associated with appendicitis, warrants further evaluation and should be addressed on a population-specific basis. Emphasis should remain on the early clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis with its associated low morbidity and mortality.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Chronic inflammatory appendiceal conditions that mimic acute appendicitis on helical CT.

OBJECTIVE: Acute appendicitis is commonly diagnosed on CT, but chronic appendiceal processes can mimic acute appendicitis. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of these alternative conditions and their findings on helical CT. CONCLUSION: Chronic inflammatory conditions other than acute appendicitis were found in 9% of patients who underwent surgery after CT findings were interpreted as suspicious for appendicitis. These inflammatory conditions were indistinguishable from acute appendicitis when we used either primary or secondary CT signs.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

An animal model of longitudinal ulcers in the small intestine induced by intracolonically administered indomethacin in rats.

The ulcerogenic effect of intracolonically administered indomethacin was evaluated in rats. Conventionally fed rats aged from 5 to 10 weeks were treated by 8, 16, 24, or 32 mg/kg of intracolonic indomethacin for two days, and any damage to the stomach, small intestine and the colon was investigated. Longitudinal ulcers and scattered small ulcers were found in the small intestine at all doses of indomethacin, and the length of the longitudinal ulcers increase dose-dependently, but this was unrelated to the body weight of the rats. The cecum was frequently affected by irregularly shaped ulcers, and the incidence increased as the dose of indomethacin increased. The colon, other than the cecum, was not involved macroscopically. In contrast, the stomach was affected by only large doses of indomethacin (24 or 32 mg/kg), and the size of gastric ulcers increased according to the body weight of the rats. These findings suggest that intracolonic indomethacin in relatively young rats causes ulcers predominantly in the small intestine and the cecum, which are the frequent site of involvement of human Crohn's disease, and that this animal model may be suitable for investigation of the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Malakoplakia of the colon].

We report on a 62-year-old female patient with melena in which polypoid lesions of the cecum were discovered endoscopically. Histological examination of mucosal biopsies revealed an inflammatory process with lots of histiocytes and so-called Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, leading to the diagnosis of a malakoplakia of the colon. No other organs were found affected. In the course of an antibiotic therapy, there was no melena detectable over a period of six months. Malakoplakia, an inflammation usually affecting the urogenital tract, is rarely found in the colon, with only 35 cases published until now. It is frequently associated with other diseases like neoplastic or inflammatory disorders, immune defect syndromes or heroin abuse. This spectrum is expanded by our report in which a long-standing alcohol abuse was found as an attendant disease.

Alcohol-Related Disorders↗
PubMed2006

Endometriosis and the appendix: a case series and comprehensive review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To report the prevalence of appendiceal disease in women with chronic pelvic pain undergoing laparoscopy for possible endometriosis, summarize the literature, and more accurately estimate the prevalence of endometriosis of the appendix. DESIGN: Prospective case series and literature review. SETTING: Academic research institute. PATIENT(S): One hundred thirty-three patients with chronic pelvic pain and possible endometriosis undergoing laparoscopy. INTERVENTION(S): History, physical exam, and abdominopelvic laparoscopy. Endometriosis and adhesions were excised using selective Nd:YAG contact laser trabeculoplasty and pathologically evaluated. Only patients with visible abnormalities involving the appendix were treated via concurrent laparoscopic appendectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Appendiceal abnormalities at laparoscopy. RESULT(S): Of 133 patients, 13 had a previous appendectomy with unknown pathology. Of the remaining 120 patients, 109 reported right lower quadrant pain. Of this subgroup, six patients had appendiceal pathology: four with pathology-confirmed endometriosis, one with Crohn's disease suspected at laparoscopy, and one with chronic appendicitis. The prevalence of appendiceal endometriosis in patients with biopsy-proven endometriosis (n = 97) or with right lower quadrant pain (n = 109) was 4.1% and 3.7%, respectively. This rate was similar to the 2.8% prevalence confirmed by literature review in patients with endometriosis but was much higher than that reported in all patients (0.4%). CONCLUSION(S): Appendiceal endometriosis, while relatively uncommon in patients with endometriosis, is rare in the general population. In patients with right lower quadrant or pelvic pain, the appendix should be inspected for endometriosis and evidence of nongynecologic disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle disease in turkeys: isolation of Newcastle disease virus from tracheal and cecal tonsil organ cultures.

Tracheal and cecal-tonsil organ cultures were made from vaccinated turkeys that had survived challenge of immunity with viscerotropic velogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Culture fluids were tested to show that latent infections did exist in the vaccinated and challenged turkeys, thus indicating a possible carrier state. NDV was recovered from 6 of 159 turkeys examined. Preliminary tests indicate that 4 isolants are velogenic and 2 are lentogenic.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Gastrointestinal tuberculosis: resurgence of an old pathogen.

Thirteen patients with gastrointestinal tuberculosis (GITB) were treated at our hospitals from 1977-1987. Ten of these patients were seen during the last four years. Three patients required operative intervention for management of complications of their disease. This review discusses the presentation, diagnosis, and operative management of GITB. The authors feel that the increasing prevalence of GITB noted in their institution is primarily the result of the growing prevalence of mycobacterium tuberculosis pneumonia across the nation. With the recent influx of patients from areas of endemic tuberculosis and the increasing number of immunosuppressed patients, a surge in the number of patients presenting with GITB is likely to occur in the United States. Surgeons must be conversant with the diverse clinical features and operative management of this disease.

Cecal Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Typhlitis as a rare cause of a psoas abscess.

Typhlitis is a life-threatening necrotizing process of the cecum associated with leukemia patients who have undergone chemotherapy. We present a rare complication of typhlitis in a boy with leukemia, in whom a right psoas abscess developed secondary to the inflammatory process of the cecum, with an emphasis on the computed tomographic findings of this severe and potentially life-threatening complication. Typhlitis should be added to conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that cause a psoas abscess such as Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, appendicitis, colorectal carcinoma, and appendiceal tumor.

Adolescent↗