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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Perfume dermatitis.

The most common reaction to fragrance materials seen by practicing dermatologists is allergic contact dermatitis. Photodermatitis is occasionally seen, as is contact urticaria, irritation, and depigmentation. Fragrances are the leading cause of allergic contact dermatitis due to cosmetics. The fragrance mixture can cause false-positive reactions; therefore, it is more desirable to test with a separate series of fragrance materials.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1998

Gastroprotective effect of Copaifera langsdorffii oleo-resin on experimental gastric ulcer models in rats.

The effects of oleo-resin obtained from the stem bark of Copaifera langsdorffii on ethanol, indomethacin and hypothermic restraint-stress induced gastric lesions were studied in rats. Oral administration of oleo-resin at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg provided dose-dependent significant protection against gastric damage caused by ethanol and restraint stress, and at a dose of 400 mg/kg it also prevented the gastric ulceration induced by indomethacin. Further, in the 4 h pylorus ligated rats, the accumulation of gastric juice volume and the mucus secretion was significantly enhanced by oleo-resin whereas the total acidity was inhibited. These results highlight the gastroprotective potential of C. langsdorffii oleo-resin and the need for a systematic study on this traditional remedy.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Elevated cyclic adenosine monophosphate ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat cardiac allografts.

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress after ischemia and reperfusion leads to leukocyte activation, the production of injurious cytokines, and increased expression of inflammatory adhesion molecules. This initial event is one of the most important alloantigen-independent factors associated with graft coronary artery disease (GCAD). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is an important second messenger that inhibits the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1) in vitro. Its levels decrease during organ preservation. We hypothesized that augmenting allograft cAMP levels with the water-soluble adenylate cyclase activator, NKH477, could decrease ischemia-reperfusion injury and inhibit the progression of GCAD. METHODS: PVG to ACI rat heterotopic cardiac allografts, treated with NKH477 solution or vehicle, were reperfused for 4 hours or 90 days after 60 minutes of ischemia. We analyzed grafts for intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), VCAM-1, and ELAM-1 mRNA expression; TNF-alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6) protein expression; and myeloperoxidase activity. We also performed immunohistochemical analysis for ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein expression. At post-operative Day 90, the progression of GCAD had increased morphometrically. RESULTS: NKH477-treated grafts had significantly decreased levels of myeloperoxidase activity compared with controls. In this group, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and VCAM-1 protein expression was inhibited; however, ICAM-1 and ELAM-1 expression did not alter. We found no differences in the degree of development of GCAD between groups. CONCLUSION: Although augmented intracellular cAMP prevented acute reperfusion injury, it was insufficient to prevent the development of GCAD. Intracellular adhesion molecule 1 and ELAM-1, whose expression NKH477 does not inhibit, may play important roles in the development of GCAD.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

A study of amber and copal samples using FT-Raman spectroscopy.

FT-Raman spectra were collected from fossil resins originating from a variety of geographical locations. The spectral profiles of most of the fossil resins could be related to modern resins containing diterpenoid components with predominantly labdane skeletons. The spectra collected from the fossil resin sample from Borneo differed from other fossil resins and was found to contain triterpenoid components. The differences in the spectral profile of fossil resins containing diterpenoid components are shown to relate to differences in level of maturation rather than geographical origin. FT-Raman spectra of fossil resins cannot be used to distinguish source although the degree of maturation can be used as an indicator to narrow the range of possible geographical origins.

Amber↗
PubMed2002

Pine resin and Biopin ointment: effects on cell composition and histochemical changes in wounds.

We studied the effects of Biopin ointment containing pine resin and used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases on the cell composition of wounds and histochemical changes in the granulation tissue during the therapy of extensive third-degree burns. The preparation stimulated the nonspecific immune response, normalized hemodynamics in damaged regions, and stimulated cell proliferation in the squamous epithelium.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2002

Restoration of blood flow and evaluation of corresponding angiogenic events by scanning electron microscopy after a single dose of VEGF in a model of peripheral vascular disease.

The angiogenic effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has typically been assessed by indirect methods, including microsphere injection and angiography. Here, we use 3-D scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to directly visualize patterns of angiogenesis after a single bolus administration of VEGF in a model of peripheral vascular ischemia. Hind limb ischemia was induced by subcutaneous turniquet implantation in adult Wistar rats. The control group (group A, n = 10) was left untreated, group B (n = 10) received a single dose of VEGF (50 microg) injected in the peroneus muscle. LASER Doppler was applied for blood flow measurements. Animals were sacrificed on day 14 after ischemia induction and vascular casting was performed. Angiogenetic events such as 'tiny lateral sprouts', arcus formations', confluences and the angle of sprouting were assessed by SEM. Significant capillary sprouting was observed in both groups. VEGF-treated limbs demonstrated higher degrees of capillary growth (P = 0.01) and flow recovery (P = 0.028). 3-D-SEM showed sprouts to be more frequent in group B. Tiny lateral sprouts, which always left the mother vessel at an angle of 90 degrees and which were of small diameter and lacked imprints of endothelial cell nuclei, were more frequent in the VEGF-treated group (P = 0.018). Arcus formation was significantly higher in the treated group (P = 0.02). We have developed a simple and effective experimental model of ischemia. For the study of angiogenic phenomena, 3-D imaging of the microvasculature offers a direct and conclusive method for the study of angiogenic events.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Conditioned and unconditioned behavioral-cognitive effects of a dopamine antagonist in rats.

Many drugs need to be taken multiple times to achieve a therapeutic effect. Researchers have identified several mechanisms to account for the slow onset of drug action, including drug accumulation and structural changes induced by drugs. This article provides an example of a new mechanism to account for this change in drug action. Stimuli that accompany drug administration may come to evoke conditioned responses (CRs), and these CRs may be the basis for changes in drug efficacy. Specifically, this research shows that a dopamine antagonist, pimozide, changes response rates through the direct action of the drug but changes time perception through the CRs elicited by drug administration.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Lesbian and bisexual mothers and nonmothers: demographics and the coming-out process.

In a large, national sample of 2,431 lesbians and bisexual women, those who had children before coming out, those who had children after coming out, and those who did not have children were compared on demographic factors and milestones in the coming-out process. Differences were found in race/ethnicity, age, prior marriage, income, religion, use of mental health counseling, and reported hate crimes. Results are also presented for lesbians and bisexual women of each ethnic/racial and age group. Controlling for age and income, lesbians and bisexual women who had children before coming out had reached developmental milestones in the coming-out process about 7-12 years later than women who had children after coming out and about 6-8 years later than nonmothers.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Mental health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and heterosexual siblings: effects of gender, sexual orientation, and family.

Self-identified lesbian, gay male, and bisexual (LGB) individuals were recruited via convenience sampling, and they in turn recruited their siblings (79% heterosexual, 19% LGB). The resulting sample of 533 heterosexual, 558 lesbian or gay male, and 163 bisexual participants was compared on mental health variables and their use of mental health services. Multilevel modeling analyses revealed that sexual orientation predicted suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, self-injurious behavior, use of psychotherapy, and use of psychiatric medications over and above the effects of family adjustment. Sexual orientation was unrelated to current psychological distress, psychiatric hospitalizations, and self-esteem. This is the 1st study to model family effects on the mental health of LGB participants and their siblings.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Victimization over the life span: a comparison of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and heterosexual siblings.

Lifetime victimization was examined in a primarily European American sample that comprised 557 lesbian/gay, 163 bisexual, and 525 heterosexual adults. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) participants were recruited via LGB e-mail lists, periodicals, and organizations; these participants recruited 1 or more siblings for participation in the study (81% heterosexual, 19% LGB). In hierarchical linear modeling analyses, sexual orientation was a significant predictor of most of the victimization variables. Compared with heterosexual participants, LGB participants reported more childhood psychological and physical abuse by parents or caretakers, more childhood sexual abuse, more partner psychological and physical victimization in adulthood, and more sexual assault experiences in adulthood. Sexual orientation differences in sexual victimization were greater among men than among women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Temporal specificity of extinction in autoshaping.

Three experiments investigated the effects of varying the conditioned stimulus (CS) duration between training and extinction. Ring doves (Streptopelia risoria) were autoshaped on a fixed CS-unconditioned stimulus (US) interval and extinguished with CS presentations that were longer, shorter, or the same as the training duration. During a subsequent test session, the training CS duration was reintroduced. Results suggest that the cessation of responding during an extinction session is controlled by generalization of excitation between the training and extinction CSs and by the number of nonreinforced CS presentations. Transfer of extinction to the training CS is controlled by the similarity between the extinction and training CSs. Extinction learning is temporally specific.

Animals↗