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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Electromyographic feedback to improve ankle dorsiflexion, wrist extension, and hand grasp.

Electromyographic feedback was used to train a patient with hemiplegia in the functional use of the muscles of his right upper and lower limbs. The patient trained with the therapist over a period of two and one-half months, engaging in exercises for ankle dorsiflexion, wrist extension, and hand grasp twice a week for one to one and one-half hours. Feedback was recorded with surface electrodes placed over the extensor surface of the forearm and the tibialis anterior; the electromyographic activity was displayed on a meter. After training, muscle control proved functional for walking, handwriting, and daily self-care activities.

Ankle↗
PubMed1996

Racial and gender effects on the relaxation response: implications for the development of hypertension.

This study was designed to explore the effect of race and gender on the forehead muscle tension and finger temperature response to biofeedback-assisted relaxation training in individuals with normal blood pressure. Forty-five subjects-18 Black and 27 White, 25 males and 20 females-participated in eight sessions of autogenic relaxation training and thermal biofeedback. Multivariate analysis of variance of the variables measured at baseline (systolic BP diastolic BP sodium excretion, anxiety) was significant for gender Univariate analysis showed males different from females in DBP Na(+) excretion, and trait anxiety. Pretest values of muscle tension were similar by gender, but pretest temperatures were lower in males than females. Repeated measures ANOVA for muscle tension showed a significant effect of period. For temperature a significant effect of period, gender and gender x period was observed. Males increased temperature more than females. There was no effect of history of hypertension on the relaxation response. Multiple regression performed on change in muscle tension and change in temperature showed that pretest muscle tension predicted change in muscle tension. Four variables contributed to the variance in change in temperature: pretest temperature, sodium excretion, and state and trait anxiety.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Self-hypnosis training and captivity survival.

In February and March, 1973, 566 U.S. military prisoners (POWs) were released from North Vietnam. These men had been POWs for a period of time between 2 months and 9 years, with a mean incarceration of 4.44 years. They had faced physical and psychological stress similar to that experienced by POWs from previous wars: starvation, disease, inadequate shelter, lack of medical care, interrogations and torture (Deaton, Burge, Richlin & Latrownik, 1977; Mitchell, 1991). By definition, such prison conditions constituted a traumatic experience (Deaton et al., 1977). However, a unique stress for our POWs in North Vietnam was the additional trauma of solitary confinement. This paper reviews the coping and "time killing" activities of U.S. Navy Vietnam POWs who experienced solitary confinement and tortuous interrogation. This paper also reports the physical and psychological adjustment of our POWs following their release from captivity. Suggestions are made regarding the revision of the curriculum for captivity survival training programs such as Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape (SERE) school.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Physician compliance in the treatment of hypertension].

The physician compliance is determined by knowledge, skill and behaviour. In 103 physicians working in the basic medical care investigations of the compliance were performed. Partly clear deviations from the guidelines recommended were found in the habits of diagnostics and therapy. These deviations frequently concerned even the majority of the physicians asked for. While the knowledge can relatively easily be judged according to objective criteria, the behaviour is difficult to be measured. Of 4 physicians with comparable knowledge concerning the clinical picture of hypertension the influence of the behaviour of the physician on the success of therapy was investigated during a psycho-physiologically orientated group therapy and the breath-induced relaxation training. The univariate and discriminance-analytic investigations as well as the factor analyses showed the behaviour of the physician as essentially determinating for the success of the therapy. The determination of the physician compliance gives the possibility to recognize still existing insufficiencies in the treatment of hypertension. It serves for the further optimization of the therapy of hypertension. Measures increasing the compliance among others can be derived also for the training and further training.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Educating interventional radiology personnel in nonpharmacologic analgesia: effect on patients' pain perception.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose was to evaluate the effects on patients' pain perception of educating interventional radiology personnel in nonpharmacologic analgesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six patients undergoing lower-extremity arteriography or percutaneous nephrostomy were asked to rate the pain they experienced during the procedure on a scale of 0 to 5 (0 = no pain, 1 = mild pain, 2 = moderate pain, 3 = severe pain, 4 = very severe pain, 5 = worst pain possible). Patients were studied at two baseline sessions (baseline 1, December 1993 to August 1994, n = 15; and baseline 2, September 1995 to January 1996, n = 11) and after the staff underwent one of two training sessions (posttraining 1, January 1995 to July 1995, n = 34; posttraining 2, January 1996 to April 1996, n = 36). Training targeted nurses and technologists and included rapport skills, correct use of language and suggestions, distraction, relaxation training, and self-hypnosis. Data were evaluated with analysis of variance for repeated measures. RESULTS: The mean pain scores reported after training were lower (1.48) and matched an "acceptable" pain score of 1.52 more closely than those reported under baseline conditions (2.54, P = .001). There was a tendency toward reduced use of intravenously administered agents for conscious sedation after training. There were no statistically significant differences in the pain scores between patients who underwent arteriography and patients who underwent nephrostomy overall (1.76 and 1.78, respectively), at baseline (2.58 and 2.43, respectively), and after staff training (1.49 and 1.42, respectively). CONCLUSION: Interventional radiology personnel trained in nonpharmacologic analgesia methods can help reduce patients' pain perception during interventional procedures.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1979

Temperature biofeedback and relaxation training in the treatment of migraine headaches. One-year follow-up.

In a previous controlled group outcome study, a comparison of temperature biofeedback with progressive relaxation indicated that relaxation training was more effective in reducing migraine headache activity at the end of treatment. However, follow-up data obtained at 1, 2, and 3 months after the completion of treatment showed no difference between the two groups on any dependent measure. In the current study, 18 of 26 subjects who completed treatment in the original investigation collected headache data and completed a headache questionnaire 1 year subsequent to the conclusion of treatment in order to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the two treatments. The results indicated that gains achieved in the reduction of headaches during both treatments were maintained at a 1-year follow-up. With the exception of medication consumption (for which relaxation training led to better long-term results) the 1-year follow-up data reveal no differential efficacy for temperature biofeedback or progressive relaxation in treating migraine headaches.

Autogenic Training↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Problems in implementing a pain management program for rheumatoid patients and studies of its effectiveness].

A pain management program is presented which enables patients to reduce pain by means of relaxation and attention-diversion, etc. The problems arising from applying a psychological training to organic diseases, and the most favourable therapist's behaviour in facing these difficulties are elucidated. Finally, controlled studies are cited showing that pain can be reduced and the emotional state improved by pain management techniques.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

[Use of various non-pharmacological methods in the treatment of patients in the early stages of arterial hypertension].

Patients with labile hypertension received various kinds of nonmedicinal therapy: psychological intervention (40 patients), acupuncture (25 patients), physical training (11 patients). Chemotherapy was provided to 38 patients. A significant antihypertensive effect was achieved with the use of the nonmedicinal therapeutic methods. Their efficacy was comparable with that of chemotherapy.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1988

Thermographical analysis of the warmth of the hands during the practice of self-regulation method.

The changes in surface temperatures of the hands, and the permeation of warmth in the hands during self-regulation method (SRM), a new method of self-control, were studied in 5 trained subjects and in 5 beginners. Temperature changes were measured by thermography. Results indicated that both beginners and trained subjects showed similar significant increases in maximum hand temperatures during SRM, however, trained subjects showed significant increases during the control period as well. Further, both groups showed significant increases in the area of warmth permeation during SRM, however, trained subjects also showed a significant increase during the control period. There was a statistical difference between the two groups for the area of warmth permeation at both the end of the control period and the end of SRM. Thus, in SRM, although beginners seem to be able to raise their hand temperatures in a similar degree to trained subjects, the area of warmth permeation is significantly greater in trained subjects than in beginners. These results indicate that SRM is relatively easy to master for beginners. From these results, the technique of SRM, psychophysiological aspects of SRM and methods of self-control in general, and some issues regarding their clinical applications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Psychology in rehabilitation].

The article gives an overview of the importance and potentialities of psychology in the context of rehabilitation, outlining, among others, the psychologist's various tasks and functions relative to diagnosis, counselling, and therapy in medical, education, vocational, and psychosocial rehabilitation. Theories describing psychosocial factors involved in the development of, and in coping with, disability are discussed. Further, psychological intervention approaches are set out, focussing on their particular relevance to rehabilitation. Special attention is given to the psychologist's position within the interdisciplinary team, as well as to possibilities for, and requirements of, professional training and further education in rehabilitation psychology. As the various subjects could not be dealth with exhaustively, the article includes numerous references for further reading and links up with subsequent five contributions dealing with the main theme of the present issue of Die Rehabilitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Psychiatrically noticeable anxiety, EEG alpha index, alpha feedback and relaxation].

In a follow-up study (first investigation: KIRSCHBAUM u. GISTL, arch. Psychol. 1973, 125, 263-273) fifteen patients with psychiatric or neurological disorders were examined for correlations between anxiety (clinical rating), scores from MAS and MMQ, and EEG-Alpha-percentage alterations during an unspecific relaxation training with or without Alpha-Biofeedback. Clinically and psychometrically high anxious patients (n = 10) showed under both conditions significant diminuation of Alpha-percentage in contrast to earlier examined students whose Alpha-rates had increased (significantly). Theoretical explanations of these results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Peak performance athletes speak with physicians about common problems--a panel discussion].

The sports-physician sees the necessity of a holistic view resulting out of the wishes of top ranking athletes in contrast to a quick temporary recovery of unsatisfying duration. On the other hand one must consider the short active period of the athlete and adapt less time consuming diagnosis and therapy. The sports-physician has to be aware of the stressfield resulting out of a polarity of "immediate" versus "perfect" therapy, and national and economic interests. This means an everlasting inner conflict for the sports-physician. Holistic view means also to consider the personal and the professional development. This is important in children-sports especially to prevent the loss of a playful and funny dimension and to offer different kinds of sports. Without the ambition of the parents there will be no children top ranking sports. Exaggerated parents ambitions however want cautious medical interference. There is still a big lack in permanent psychohygienic care for top athletes reaching from professional training, social contacts to mental training and/or psychotherapeutical dimensions. A permanent, interested, integrative cooperation between sports-medicine, science of sports, psychology of sports, organisation and last but not least athletes themselves leads not only to better results but also to better human value of every day life before, during and post active period.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Biofeedback in fecal incontinence].

By psychophysiologic training of internal and external rectal sphincters five incontinent subjects managed to recover a complete or incomplete self-control in very difficult situations, such as outcomes of surgical sphincter lesions, depression equivalents and ischemic nervous sufferings. So anus incontinence (perhaps preternatural anus incontinence) could be faced by means of biofeedback, especially if similar home sessions were associated.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A comparison of biofeedback-mediated relaxation and group therapy in the treatment of chronic anxiety.

The authors compared treatment of chronic anxiety with biofeedback-mediated electromyographic (EMG) relaxation to treatment with group psychotherapy in a control group. Feedback patients were given two weeks of EMG relaxation training followed by two weeks of self-practice. Significant decreases were found in the feedback group in electromyogram levels, mood distrubance, trait anxiety, and (to a lesser extent) state anxiety; no such decreases occurred in the control group. The authors suggest that EMG feedback can be an important adjunct therapy for chronic anxiety.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1990

[Emotional-volitional training in the combined treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

The development of placebo effect was found to be related to the psychological status and neurophysiological features of the body. This made it possible to elaborate the disadaptation hypothesis of the disease development and a total systems approach to its treatment, characterized by the necessity of conducting both conventional (aimed at suppression of the autoimmune process and inflammation) and activation therapy. The method of emotional volitional training (EVT) designed by the authors is advanced as one of the components of the activation therapy lying in the use of music therapy, auto- and heteropsychic actions together with application of an optimal variety of group physical training. Application of the EVT to the treatment of 86 patients with rheumatoid arthritis enabled the drug dosage to be reduced by as many as 50%, to improve the patients' mental status and to enhance work fitness, promoting the decrease of the hospital treatment by 4-5 days and prolongation of the remission from 6 months to 1.5 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[A new treatment method for sensation of dizziness (author's transl)].

Vestibular habituation training is a treatment technique developed in our department on the basis of the habituation principle. Exercises provoking dizziness stimulate the known adaptative and compensatory functions of the vestibular mechanisms which achieve an alleviation of those patients suffering of such a type of vertigo, we call "provoked" vertigo, i.e. vertigo of peripheral origin elicited by positioning and brisk movements. The theoretical basis as well as our first encouraging results are exposed.

Autogenic Training↗