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Results for “ATELECTASIS”

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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

PEEP decreases atelectasis and extravascular lung water but not lung tissue volume in surfactant-washout lung injury.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on extravascular lung water (EVLW), lung tissue, and lung volume. DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental animal study at a university research facility. SUBJECTS: Fifteen adult sheep. INTERVENTIONS: All animals were studied before and after saline washout-induced lung injury while ventilated with sequentially increasing PEEP (0, 7, 14, or 21 cmH(2)O). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Lung volume was determined by computed tomography and EVLW by the thermal dye dilution technique. Saline washout significantly increased lung tissue volume (21+/-3 to 37+/-5 ml/kg) and EVLW (9+/-2 to 36+/-9 ml/kg). While increasing levels of PEEP reduced EVLW (30+/-7, 24+/-8, and 18+/-4 ml/kg), lung tissue volume remained constant. Total lung volume significantly increased (50+/-8 ml/kg at PEEP 0 to 77+/-12 ml/kg at PEEP 21). Nonaerated lung volume significantly decreased and was closely correlated with the changes in EVLW ( r=0.67). In addition, a highly significant correlation was found between PEEP-induced decrease in nonaerated lung volume and decrease in transpulmonary shunt ( r=0.83). CONCLUSIONS: The main findings are as follows: (a) PEEP effectively decreases EVLW. (b) The decrease in EVLW is closely correlated with the PEEP-induced decrease in nonaerated lung volume, making EVLW a valuable bedside parameter indicating alveolar recruitment, similar to measurements of transpulmonary shunt. (c) As excess tissue volume remained constant, however, EVLW may not be suitable to reflect overall severity of lung disease

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Atelectasis of the left lung induced by subcarinal pulmonary artery sling.

Pulmonary artery sling is an unusual cause of respiratory distress in the neonatal period. Despite the use of conventional diagnostic tools such as ECHO or angiography, delineation of the course of the pulmonary artery and its relationship with the neighbouring bronchus may be difficult. We describe an infant with complete collapse of the left lung due to an aberrant left pulmonary artery in whom the combination of axial CT and three-dimensional reconstruction was of great value in facilitating the diagnosis and surgical planning.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed2001

Aspergillus bronchitis causing atelectasis and acute respiratory failure in an immunocompromised patient.

Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is an uncommon clinical form of invasive aspergillosis with fungal infection limited entirely or predominantly to the tracheobronchial tree. We report a case of Aspergillus fumigatus bronchitis, diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy, with fungal growth completely occluding the left main bronchus leading to lung collapse and acute respiratory failure in a 60-year-old male with erythroleukemia and profound granulocytopenia.

Aspergillosis↗