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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Microporous hydrophilic polyurethane vascular grafts as substitutes in the abdominal aorta of dogs.

Polyurethanes are emerging as promising biomaterials. A microporous vascular graft fabricated from Mitrathane, a new polyetherurethane urea, appeared to be particularly interesting according to in vitro evaluation and was tested in vivo as an infrarenal aortic substitute (i.d. 5 mm) in 24 dogs. After implantation for scheduled periods ranging from 4 h to 6 mnth, morphology evaluation and healing analysis of the grafts were performed. At harvesting, 18 grafts were patent and 6 were thrombosed. The thrombosed grafts had been implanted for 4 h (1 graft), 1 mnth (2 grafts) and 6 mnth (3 grafts). No macroscopic deposits other than red mural thrombi were observed. At 1 mnth complete external encapsulation was observed in 2 grafts. The capsule then contracted and became thinner; over the long term it shrank, became translucent and incomplete at 6 mnth. Yellow and brown stains appeared on many of the grafts. Characterization of the brown stains showed them to be iron (Fe3+) and the yellow stains were associated with the deposition of a bile pigment (bilirubin).

Animals↗
PubMed2005

3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the abdominal aorta and its distal branches: Interobserver agreement of radiologists in a routine examination.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the quality of images of the aorta and visceral arteries made at a high level of spatial resolution with thin slices and an optimized acquisition time by three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D CE-MRA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 3D CE-MRA with a 1.4-mm slice thickness and 512-pixel base matrix was done on 62 consecutive patients with a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging MRI unit. A bolus test with a power injector was used to calculate the optimal scan delay time. For quantitative evaluation, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was measured in 3 regions of interest. Qualitative image analysis was evaluated independently by two radiologists and graded on a scale of 0-3. Separate analyses were done for the aorta and distal visceral arterial branches. RESULTS: The means SNR values were respectively 56.2 +/- 15.2 (mean +/- SD) for the aorta, 59.2 +/- 15.1 for the celiac trunk, and 57 +/- 15.2 for the superior mesenteric artery, with a homogeneous distribution (P = .99). Consistent enhancement was confirmed by the lack of statistically significant differences between the SNR values. The average score for vessel visualization on source images ranged from good to excellent for different segments. After post-processing of images, the average score for distal arterial segments was significantly improved. The overall agreement between the 2 reviewers in the visualization of definite artery segments was excellent (k = .91). CONCLUSION: 3D CE-MRA with a 512-pixel base matrix and thin slices can be applied in a reproducible way with excellent depiction and delineation of small vessels. Such a protocol could be used routinely.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Mesoscopic simulations of systolic flow in the human abdominal aorta.

The complex nature of blood flow in the human arterial system is still gaining more attention, as it has become clear that cardiovascular diseases localize in regions of complex geometry and complex flow fields. In this article, we demonstrate that the lattice Boltzmann method can serve as a mesoscopic computational hemodynamic solver. We argue that it may have benefits over the traditional Navier-Stokes techniques. The accuracy of the method is tested by studying time-dependent systolic flow in a 3D straight rigid tube at typical hemodynamic Reynolds and Womersley numbers as an unsteady flow benchmark. Simulation results of steady and unsteady flow in a model of the human aortic bifurcation reconstructed from magnetic resonance angiography, are presented as a typical hemodynamic application.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1982

Traumatic aneurysm of the suprarenal abdominal aorta: surgical reconstruction in a 7-yr-old patient.

A 7-yr-old sustained a gunshot wound of the upper abdomen lacerating the portal vein and liver requiring immediate repair. Postoperative angiograms demonstrated two false aneurysms of the aorta between the renal arteries and the superior mesenteric artery. On the thirteenth postoperative day the aneurysms were resected and a Dacron graft interposed between the level of the renal arteries and the celiac axis. The superior mesenteric artery was reattached utilizing a short segment Dacron graft. The boy made a good recovery and is normal after a 3-yr follow-up.

Aorta, Abdominal↗