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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Replacement of Aedes aegypti by Aedes albopictus in Mobile, Alabama.

Aedes albopictus was first detected in Mobile, AL, in 1987 during a CDC sponsored ovitrap survey in the Historic District. A comparison of ovitrap and larval surveys, done in 1957, 1984, 1987 and 1990, indicates that Ae. albopictus had replaced Aedes aegypti in urban Mobile. Possible explanations of this replacement, including displacement, are discussed.

Aedes↗
PubMed1991

Analysis of 22 years experience in living-related transplantation at the University of Alabama in Birmingham.

Over the 22 years comprising this review of living-related renal allografts, 3 distinct eras of immunosuppression protocols were used; Era I-aziathioprine and prednisone, Era II-cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisone; and Era III-Minnesota antilymphocyte globulin, cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisone. We analyzed both recipient and donor populations for graft and patient survival related to race, haplotype matching, diabetes, and immunosuppressive agents. Graft and patient survival have remained unchanged in 2-haplotype-matched recipients throughout the differing immunosuppression eras. The addition of cyclosporine, however, improved graft survival in the 1-haplotype living-related recipient. During the cyclosporine era, 1-haplotype White living-related recipient graft survival was significantly greater than 1-haplotype Black living-related recipient survivals. The reason for this disparity in graft survival does not appear to be related to noncompliance. The parametric hazard function analysis of the constant phase did not identify cyclosporine as a risk factor for late graft loss, suggesting that long-term cyclosporine usage may decrease the risk of graft loss. However, diabetes was demonstrated to be a risk factor for late graft loss. In diabetics, late graft loss is most likely secondary to death (usually cardiovascular) with a functioning graft. The organ donor pool is being expanded through the utilization of both older donors and living-unrelated donors. Graft survival in the living-unrelated group has been comparable to that of 1- and 2-haplotype-matched recipients. Results with older donors reveal donor age as a risk factor for late graft loss. The issue of living-unrelated transplantation remains controversial. In over 20 years of follow-up on our living-related donor population, we were unable to demonstrate any adverse long-term effects on renal function. Results of our analysis indicate that living-related renal donation continues to be a safe and valuable avenue for kidney transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The Alabama preterm birth prevention project.

A preterm birth prevention program consisting of risk scoring, intensive weekly observation including cervical examinations, and detailed education about preterm labor signs and symptoms was tested in a predominantly black, indigent population. One thousand high-risk women were randomized to treatment or control groups. Although more preterm labor was diagnosed and treated in the treatment group, there were no significant differences between the groups with respect to mean birth weight or gestational age, spontaneous preterm delivery rates, or low or very low birth weight rates. The rates of respiratory distress syndrome and fetal and neonatal mortality, although greater in the treatment group, were not statistically different. However, the treatment-group infants had significantly more intracranial hemorrhages and spent more days on ventilators. At this institution, the preterm birth prevention program was not effective.

Adolescent↗