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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Characteristics of normal larynges under flexible fiberscopic and stroboscopic examination: an Australian perspective.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structure and function of larynges of 35 subjects with normal voices. Volunteers aged between 20 and 50 years with no history of voice disorders or laryngeal surgery, no current allergies, no formal voice training, and no hyperactive gag reflex were required to perform various vocal manoeuvres that were carried out under continuous and stroboscopic light. An assessment form was devised to record the condition and function of the larynx. The videotapes of the procedure were rated by experienced judges. The Australian Fiberscopic Profile was devised to record the relevant parameters under continuous light. Videostroboscopic ratings were carried out using the Bless protocol rating. High interjudge agreement was found across the two rating profiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Intrasubject variability of objective voice measures.

Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of voice disorders necessitate the need for accurate and reliable objective voice measurements. There are many instruments commonly used to analyze voice data. Many, if not most, of these instruments have not been adequately tested for reliability or consistency. This study evaluates the intrasubject variability of the objective voice measurements from two commonly used voice analysis instruments. The study also presents data correlating subjective mood states, room temperatures, sleep times of the subject, time since last meal, and hydration levels to the various acoustic measures. Several weak but significant correlations were obtained and are discussed. Guidelines for the appropriate use of these instruments are described.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Results of using botulism toxin in the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia].

Spasmodic Dysphonia (SD) is a dystonia involving laryngeal musculature thus causing a characteristic voice disorder. Two main types of SD have been described. The adductor type is the commonest and it is characterized by a strain-strangle, choked voice. The abductor type can be distinguished from the previous one by episodes of a blown and whispering voice, interrupting speech. Botulism toxin (BTX) has demonstrated to be the most effective treatment for this condition. Thirty patients diagnosed of SD (twenty-nine adductor type/one abductor type) were included. Their degree of dysphonia was evaluated using both functional and visual-analogue scales. They were treated with BTX vocal cord injections using a percutaneous technique under EMG guidance. Improvements up to a 100% of the normal vocal function were obtained, with an average of 82% in the adductor type. The adverse effects were mild and transient. Hypophonia affected 61.3% of patients lasting an average of 11.3 days. Dysphagia was reported in 44.1% of cases lasting an average of 5.8 days.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acoustic investigation of vocal quality following treatment for childhood cerebellar tumour.

The aim of the study was firstly to document the acoustic parameters of voice using the Multidimensional Voice Program (MDVP, Kay Elemetrics) in a group of children with dysarthria subsequent to treatment for cerebellar tumour (CT). Then, secondly, compare the acoustic findings to perceptual voice characteristics as described by the GIRBAS (grade, instability, roughness, breathiness, asthenicity, strain). The assessments were performed on 29 voice samples; 9 cerebellar tumour participants with dysarthria, and 20 control participants. None of the control voices were rated as exhibiting any of the six parameters described by the GIRBAS, while 7 of the CT participants were noted to have at least a mild voice disorder. Roughness, instability, breathiness and asthenicity were all identified as voice characteristics in the CT voice samples. Acoustically, the CT voice samples differed significantly from the controls' voices on frequency and amplitude perturbation measures. Our findings confirmed voice dysfunction as a component of dysarthria in children treated for cerebellar tumour, and discussed the links between acoustic and perceptual descriptions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Interaction of speech coders and atypical speech I: effects on speech intelligibility.

We investigated how standard speech coders, currently used in modern communication systems, affect the intelligibility of the speech of persons who have common speech and voice disorders. Three standardized speech coders (viz., GSM 6.10 [RPE-LTP], FS1016 [CELP], FS1015 [LPC]) and two speech coders based on subband processing were evaluated for their performance. Coder effects were assessed by measuring the intelligibility of vowels and consonants both before and after processing by the speech coders. Native English talkers who had normal hearing identified these speech sounds. Results confirmed that (a) all coders reduce the intelligibility of spoken language; (b) these effects occur in a consistent manner, with the GSM and CELP coders providing the least degradation relative to the original unprocessed speech; and (c) coders interact with individual voices so that speech is degraded differentially for different talkers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Disorders of glottic rhythm].

Pitch perturbations are well known to be significantly less in normal voices than in pathological voices. In the present work, it is shown that, in 48 pathological voices from a sample of 73, specific dysrhythmic patterns, usually intermittent, may be demonstrated by means of electroglottography: alternating rhythms, geminate rhythms, volleys, brady- and tachydysrhythmia's. They are a result of physical perturbations of the laryngeal oscillator, induced by specific pathological conditions. Their different occurrence in the various categories of voice disorders may contribute to a more precise etiological diagnosis.

Glottis↗
PubMed1994

'Doctor, my voice seems husky'.

Disorders of voice are a common problem in general practice. An understanding of the complex mechanism of voice production enables us to appreciate how many systemic disorders can affect voice. This article details the pathophysiology of voice production and how to assess the patient with hoarseness. Contemporary management of vocal disorders is described with reference to some newer surgical and investigative techniques.

Hoarseness↗
PubMed2005

The relationship between chronic cough and paradoxical vocal fold movement: a review of the literature.

SUMMARY: Chronic cough (CC) and paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM) are debilitating conditions. PVFM has been given many labels, including vocal cord dysfunction, Munchausen's stridor, functional inspiratory stridor, nonorganic functional or psychogenic upper airway obstruction, factitious asthma, psychogenic stridor, emotional laryngeal wheezing, and episodic laryngeal dyskinesia. Although CC and PVFM have been considered separate entities in many reports, there is preliminary support for the notion that there may be an underlying link between these two conditions. Speech pathologists have become increasingly involved in the treatment of these patients and therefore need to understand the theoretical background of these disorders, the pathophysiological links between the two, and the impact of voice disorders on these populations. The aim of this article is to review the current literature on CC and PVFM from a speech pathology perspective to provide a model for defining and conceptualizing the disorders and to provide a framework for management and future research.

Behavior Therapy↗