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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Relative contributions of diet and sunlight to vitamin D state in the elderly.

In winter the vitamin D state of elderly people may reach levels associated with osteomalacia, although the disease may not be clinically apparent. A statistical correlation was observed in a group of elderly subjects during the winter between dietary vitamin D intake and vitamin D state, but the intake was generally too low to make a biologically important contribution to maintaining vitamin D concentrations. Ultraviolet light (UVL) is the primary determinant of vitamin D state in summer and winter, in winter owing to the pools of vitamin D built up during the previous summer. Plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) in winter of 15.0-22.5 nmol/l (6-9 ng/ml) require that the concentration in the previous summer was over 40 nmol/l (16 ng/ml). To maintain plasma concentrations in the elderly above those associated with osteomalacia a mean dietary vitamin D intake of over 5 microgram/day is required. A more physiological approach, however, would be to increase exposure to UVL.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Effect of sunlight on bacterial survival in transparent air samplers.

Two types of commercially available microbiological air samplers (model STA-203, New Brunswick Scientific and All-Glass Impingers, Millipore) were used outdoors at an activated sludge treatment plant. The recovery of viable particles with both instruments was increased three- to eight-fold by shielding the trapping medium from the sun during the sampling process.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed2004

Nutritional protection against skin damage from sunlight.

The concept of systemic photoprotection by dietary means is gaining momentum. Skin is continuously exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the major cause of skin disorders such as sunburn, photodamage, and nonmelanoma skin cancer. Most of the erythemal annual UV dose is encountered under nonvacation conditions, when no sunscreen is applied. In the absence of topically added compounds, skin protection depends solely on endogenous defense. Micronutrients can act as UV absorbers, as antioxidants, or can modulate signaling pathways elicited upon UV exposure. UV-induced erythema is a suitable parameter to assess photoprotection. Dietary protection is provided by carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbate, flavonoids, or n-3 fatty acids, contributing to maintenance resistance as part of lifelong protection.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2000

Pemphigus foliaceus induced by exposure to sunlight. Report of a case and analysis of photochallenge-induced lesions.

BACKGROUND: Although there are many reports on photo-induced pemphigus, careful analysis in the development of acantholytic blister have rarely been performed in the lesions induced by photochallenge. OBJECTIVE: The study was intended to elucidate the mechanisms by which ultraviolet light (UV) radiation causes the skin lesions of pemphigus foliaceus. METHODS: Photochallenge-induced lesions were examined histologically and immunohistochemically over the time course with three biopsy specimens. Neutrophil adhesion assay was performed using the specimens prepared from the photochallenged lesions as substrates. RESULTS: A small number of neutrophils were seen at 5 h after photochallenge in the dermis and epidermis, and slight acantholysis was detected at 72 h. In neutrophil adhesion assay, greater numbers of neutrophils adhered to the upper epidermis of the skin obtained at 5 h after challenge. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that both enhanced binding of autoantibodies to the epidermis after UV radiation and preferential adhesion of neutrophils to the UV-irradiated epidermis contribute to the development of acantholysis in photo- induced pemphigus foliaceus. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on keratinocytes is not primarily responsible for the epidermal migration of neutrophils.

Cell Adhesion↗