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Results for “SOCIAL CONDITIONS”

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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Social and health conditions in a former coal mining area in Fukuoka, Japan].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of the former coal mining industry upon the social and health conditions of an area that was the side of a once prospering coal mining industry. The area was partitioned into two types of districts according to the percentage of residential housing that was for coal miners. The first district consisted predominantly of tenant homes for the coal miners (coal miner district) and the remaining area made up the second district (other district). Health conditions in the two districts were compared by standard mortality rates (SMR), and age-specific death rates for all disease and non-disease related deaths. Social conditions were compared based upon sex, age, employment stauts, and job type. The results were as follows: (1) Total unemployment rate, the percentage of households with no income earner, and single-family households, was higher in the coal miner district than in the other district. (2) The SMRs for all deaths in the coal miner district were significantly higher than in the other district. (3) While not significant the SMRs for disease related deaths were higher in the coal miner district. (4) Even in the younger age group (both male and female), while having no direct relationship with the coal mining industry, the SMRs were higher in the coal mine district. (5) The SMRs for suicides and homicides that occurred among the men residing in the coal miner district were higher. In conclusion, the social and health conditions in this former coal mining residential area were poorer than in the other area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Paradoxical effects of social support on blood pressure reactivity among defensive individuals.

BACKGROUND: Social support can reduce cardiovascular responses to an acute stressor. However, prior clinical research suggests that defensive individuals may react negatively to social support. PURPOSE: This experiment examined whether emotional support provided during a speech stressor would escalate rather than decrease blood pressure (BP) reactivity among defensive individuals. METHODS: After completing personality measures, 176 female undergraduates were randomly assigned to give a speech in 1 of 3 social conditions: alone, or with a neutral or supportive confederate present. Mean arterial BP was assessed at baseline, immediately before, and during and after the stressor. RESULTS: In the supportive condition, defensiveness predicted higher BP reactivity during anticipation (beta = .35, p = .04) and delivery of the speech (beta = .32, p = .03), and longer recovery to baseline BP levels (beta = .35, p = .01). In the absence of support (i.e., alone and neutral conditions), defensiveness was not associated with BP reactivity. Defensiveness also predicted greater dissociation between subjective stress and BP responses (beta = .35, p = .05), but only in the supportive condition. CONCLUSIONS: According to results, the provision of social support during stressors does not benefit defensive individuals' BP reactivity but has the opposite effect.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1976

[Prejudices and psychiatry. Results of a survey among medical students].

The purpose of this survey was to know better the image of mental illness among the public. A 28 items questionnaire tried to summarize the main set-ideas usually held in this respect. It was submitted to a group of medical students. The answers obtained indicate quite clearly the force and continuity of some of these set-ideas: more complicated illness, often incurable, of which the number is constantly increasing; bad reputation of electrochocs. They also show an evolution of the state of minds concerning the differenciation of different types of illnesses, the alleged origins of mental illnesses and eventually the role and importance of psychotherapy in their treatment. Eventually a "free-opinions" section, underlined the common interest for the social condition of the mental patient, the responsibility of social factors in the genesis or the appearance of his troubles and above all for the "character" of psychiatrist. Conclusions drawn from this survey only have a relative value, but are encouraging enough to justify a larger and deeper one.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗