[Arterial blood supply and its intraosseous course in the bones of extremities in foals. I. Scapula].
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Sixteen patients were hospitalised and treated for scapular fractures at the casualty ward in the surgical department of the Rostock Regional Hospital over a period of ten years. Surgical indications were established for five patients only. The results are described and are discussed with reference to the most recent literature.
A rarely occurring tumor, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the shoulder blade, is described. The tumor, found in a 19-year-old male, consisted of two components; a typical chondrosarcoma showing a moderate degree of anaplasia, and a tumor tissue composed of poorly differentiated cells with large numbers of thin-walled vessels. The two tissues were separated from each other by connective-tissue elements, though cells of the second component were seen in places to pass into the tissue of hyalin cartilage. This variant of chondrosarcoma proved to be highly sensitive to chemotherapy, allowing considerable prolongation of the patient's survival.
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A literature review allowed classification of seven cases of Sprengel's deformity based on that described by Rigault et al. This classification into three types as a function of degree of elevation defines each case within the context of associated malformations, and appropriate therapy. Surgery is indicated, employing Woodward's type of operation, for patients with functional and esthetic deficits, particularly in Rigault's type II deformity.
Complete duplication of the shoulder blade has not been described so far in the literature. Two case reports with a duplication of the right shoulder blade in multiple malformations of the locomotor and postural apparatus are presented. In both children, the shoulder blades were mobilized and fused. The late examination shows good functional and cosmetic results.
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An intratendinous tear of the supraspinatus tendon without communication with the joint or with the subacromial bursa occurred in a 31-year-old man. Repair of the cuff relieved the pain and led to functional recovery. Although the true cause of the unusual pattern of limitation of motion caused by this lesion remains unclear, it was associated with reflex muscle spasm around the shoulder, which was provoked by pain originating in the subacromial bursa secondary to the cuff tear. No comparable case seems to have been documented in the literature.
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