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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Effect of qi replenishing and blood circulation activating drugs in treatment of middle-advanced pancreatic cancer with radio- and chemotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Qi replenishing and blood circulation activating drugs (QRBCAD) in treatment of middle-advanced pancreatic cancer with radio- and chemotherapy. METHODS: Patients were divided randomly into two groups, 28 patients treated with radiotherapy and intervention treatment as Group A and 30 patients treated with the same therapy but with additional QRBCAD medication as the Group B, and the effects in the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The short-term effective rate in Group A and B was 53.6% and 67.6% respectively (P < 0.05). The remission rates of jaundice and abdominal pain in Group A were 57.1% and 50.0% respectively, while in Group B, 83.3% and 76.7% respectively, there was significant difference between the two groups, P < 0.05. The gastroenteric reaction occurred in Group B was significantly lesser than that in Group A, P < 0.05. The 1- and 2-year survival rate in Group A were 50% and 21.4%, and in Group B, 80.0% and 46.6% respectively, significant difference (P < 0.05) showed in comparison of the two groups. CONCLUSION: QRBCAD could alleviate the gastroenteric reaction caused by radio- and chemotherapy, raise the clinical symptomatic effective rate of treatment, and prolong the 1- and 2-year survival rate of patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Different types of hysterectomy in the radio-surgical treatment of early cervical cancer (FIGO Ib-IIa).

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: Surgery and radiotherapy achieved equivalent results for FIGO stages Ib-IIa invasive cervical carcinoma. The integration of radiotherapy and surgery provided the same results for a selected series of patients without increasing the rate of complications. The aim of the study was to verify if, applying a radio-surgical protocol, the reduction of the surgery extension on the parametrium in one of two consecutive series might achieve the same results in terms of survival and recurrence rates with fewer complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analysed actuarial survival (with >10-year follow-up), local control rates and morbidity of 390 patients who had different the kinds of surgery applied in the radio-surgical treatment protocol: Protocol A: brachytherapy plus type III radical hysterectomy vs Protocol B: brachytherapy plus type II radical hysterectomy. Patients were all included in an analysis of complications according to the French-Italian glossary. RESULTS: Analyses showed no differences in terms of survival, patterns of recurrences and onset time within the two protocols. Urinary complications were more frequent and severe in protocol A vs protocol B (G2: 26.5% vs. 6.1%; G3: 5.3% vs. 3.6%). CONCLUSION: Our study pointed out that the reduction of the surgery extension allowed the same overall survival and relapses with fewer complications particularly in terms of grade of severity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Value of expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 as a prognostic factor in advanced middle and lower rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative radio-chemotherapy.

Recent molecular biological studies suggested certain molecular markers might be useful as prognostic factors in patients with colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether cyclin dependent inhibitor kinase p21WAF1/CIP1 (p21), p53 expression, and/or the presence of apoptosis had prognostic value in predicting survival in patients with advanced middle and lower rectal cancer who were treated with preoperative radio-chemotherapy. We examined the immunohistochemical expression of p21 and p53, and determined the degree of apoptosis in resected middle and lower rectal cancers from patients who received preoperative radio-chemotherapy (irradiation group, n=40) and from those who did not receive treatment (control group, n=35). The preoperative total radiotherapy dose was 42.6 Gy and the chemotherapy tegafur suppository dose was 750 mg/day. Clinicopathological features, and tumor expression of p53 and p21 and degree of apoptosis were analyzed by means of multivariate analysis. In the irradiation group, tumors were positive for p53, p21 and apoptosis in 34 of 40 (85.0%), 23 of 40 (57.5%) and 25 of 40 (62.5%) cases, respectively. The expression of p21 and the apoptotic index were significantly higher in the irradiated group compared to controls (2.0 versus 1.2%, p=0.05; 8 versus 3%, p=0.03, respectively). There was a significant correlation between p21 immunoreactivity and the degree of muscularis propria invasion (p=0.004), as well as between p21 immunoreactivity and survival rate (p=0.03). Multivariate analysis revealed that p21 expression (RR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01-0.78; p=0.03) and lymph node metastasis (RR, 3.63; 95% CI, 1.06-12.37; p=0.04) were significant prognostic factors for patient survival. These data suggested that p21 expression has prognostic value in predicting patient survival in advanced middle and lower rectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Rotational osteotomy technique for congenital radio-ulnar synostosis with central medullary nailing and external fixation].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Congenital radio-ulnar synostosis is a very uncommon condition. The functional impairment resulting from the complete pronation posture justifies rotational osteotomy. We present a series of six rotational osteotomies using the Hernigou-Goutallier technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Hernigou-Goutallier osteosynthesis procedure is based on a centromedullary nail and two external fixation pins positioned in the ulna at an angle corresponding to the desired rotation. The nail is partially withdrawn to allow subperiosteal osteotomy in the synostosis via a horizontal incision between the two pins. After rotation, the osteotomy is stabilized with clamps holding the external fixation pins in parallel. RESULTS: Bone healing was achieved at two months in all six cases with no loss of correction. DISCUSSION: Among the different treatments proposed for radio-ulnar synostosis, the risk of vessel or nerve injury is high with screw-plate fixation despite shortening osteotomy. Palm-tree osteotomy raises the same risks and is more invasive and difficult to achieve. The rotational osteotomy technique presented here has the advantage of allowing local care more easily than with cast fixation. Another important advantage is that an overcorrection leading to vessel or nerve injury can be reversed without losing the axis, allowing progressive correction if necessary.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed2003

[Value of conformal radio therapy for middle stage or advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of conformal radio therapy in the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in advanced stages. METHODS: Altogether 198 patients with advanced HCC underwent three-dimensional conformal radio therapy (3D-CRT) in a dose range 48 to 63 Gy in 6 to 9 fractions completed in a course of 12 to 18 d. The total clinical tumor volume (CTV) received more than 90% of the prescribed irradiation dose delivered through 6MV X ray. CT examinations were performed before 3D-CRT and in the three-year follow-up period to verify the therapeutic effects. RESULTS: Partial tumor remission was achieved in 81 cases (41%) 1 month after the treatment and 95 cases (48%) 3 months later. Ten cases (5%) failed to respond to the treatment, while the majority (186, 94%) showed tumor remission 6 months after the treatment, with only 2 cases (1%) had progression of the tumors. In the 48 patients with cancer embolus in the portal vein, 31 (65.6%) showed evidence of diminished embolus. The alpha-fetoprotein levels in the HCC patients were reduced significantly after the treatment (P=0.015). Among the stage-III patients 1-year survival rate was 68%, 2-year survival rate was 41%, and 3-year survival rate was 35%. CONCLUSIONS: 3D-CRT is an effective method for treating advanced HCC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Sphincterotomy with radio frequency surgery: a new treatment technique of fissure in ano and associated pathologies.

BACKGROUND: Anal fissures are dealt with using traditional approaches aiming at relieving the anal spasm and minimizing the anal sphincter pressure. Nevertheless, pathologies like sentinel tags, anal papillae, anal polyps, or small hemorrhoids which are often associated with chronic fissures are either considered innocuous, therefore left untreated, or are removed by conventional techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective, non-randomized study, we performed lateral internal sphincterotomy, which was followed by radio frequency surgical procedures to eliminate the associated pathologies mentioned above. RESULTS: In all, 283 patients were studied. All the patients treated by the method of lateral subcutaneous internal sphincterotomy followed by radio frequency surgical procedure for aforesaid associated pathologies were made comfortable on account of the reduction in pain and irritation during defecation, the pricking or foreign body sensation in the anus and pruritus or wetness around the anal verge. A follow up after 18 months showed that only 7 % of patients had recurrence of symptoms or local signs. CONCLUSION: This combined approach has been found to be an effective, easy and quick way of treating chronic fissure in ano with associated pathologies

Anal Canal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental management of the complications of radio and chemotherapy in oral cancer.

The most common malignancy of the oral cavity is epidermoid or squamous cell carcinoma, which accounts for approximately 5% of all neoplasms. Unfortunately, the great majority of these tumors are diagnosed in stages which require surgery with radio- and chemotherapy. Radiotherapy constitutes an important option in the treatment of oral tumors, and can be applied either alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. The latter has no precisely defined role in the treatment of squamous cell carcinomas, and is usually used as a coadjuvant therapy or for palliative purposes. Since these treatments affect not only the malignant cells but also the healthy tissues of the patient, side effects usually develop during and after treatment, in the form of oral lesions and systemic alterations. Examples include mucositis, xerostomia, immune suppression, and viral and fungal infections, among other problems. The present study offers a management protocol for the oncological patient before, during and after radio- and chemotherapy. In addition, emphasis is placed on the important role of the dental professional in the prevention and treatment of the main oral complications, proposing dental management guidelines which are applicable in the general clinical context.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

Cement particles containing radio-opacifiers stimulate pro-osteolytic cytokine production from a human monocytic cell line.

Proponents of the biological theory of aseptic loosening have in recent years tended to concentrate on the production and distribution of particulate ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) debris around the potential joint space. However, mechanical loading of cemented implants with the differing elastic moduli of metal stems, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement and bone can result in relative micromotion, implying the potential for production of metal and PMMA particles from the stem-cement interface by fretting wear. In order to investigate the production and biological reactivity of debris from this interface, PMMA and metal particulate debris was produced by sliding wear of PMMA pins containing barium sulphate and zirconium dioxide against a Vaquasheened stainless steel counterface. This debris was characterised by SEM, energy-dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDAX) and image analysis, then added to cell cultures of a human monocytic cell line, U937, and stimulation of proosteolytic cytokines measured by ELISA. Large quantities of PMMA cement debris were generated by the sliding wear of PMMA pins against Vaquasheened stainless steel plates in the method developed for this study. Both cements stimulated the release of pro-osteolytic TNFalpha from the U937 monocytic cell line, in a dose-dependent fashion. There was a trend towards greater TNFalpha release with Palacos cement than CMW cement at the same dose. Palacos particles also caused significant release of IL-6, another pro-osteolytic cytokine, while CMW did not. The particulate cement debris produced did not stimulate the release of GM-CSF or IL1beta from the U937 cells. These results may explain the cytokine pathway responsible for bone resorption caused by particulate PMMA debris. Radio-opaque additives are of value in surgical practice and clinical studies to quantify the relevance of these in vitro findings are required before the use of cement containing radio-opacifier is constrained.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dosage of serum folates by a radio-assay. Comparison of the results obtained by this method and by microbiological method (author's transl)].

A radio-assay, using a lactoglobulin fraction of milk proteins as a folate binder and 125-I pteroyl glutamate as a competitor, has been studied in 130 cases. The results have been compared to those obtained with microbiological methods. A good correlation has been observed. The radio-assay allows the measurement of folate in the presence of agents inhibiting the bacterial growth (methotrexate, trimethoprime). It can be used for assay in the cerebro-spinal fluid. This method appears to be useful for clinical investigations.

Folic Acid↗
PubMed2003

Diagnostic sensitivity of two radio receptor assays (TRAK Assay and TRAK Dyno Human) for detection of TSH receptor antibodies.

Radio receptor assays for the detection of TSH receptor antibodies in serum are typically based on binding the competition of TSH-R antibodies and (125)I "labeled" TSH for membrane preparation of thyrocytes (TBII tests). The sensitivity of the available tests utilizing porcine cell membranes was found to be around 80%. A new test (TRAK Dyno human, BRAHMS) utilizes human recombinant TSH receptor and human standard material that is supposed to improve the performance of the test. We have compared the results of these two assays. The sensitivity of the TRAK Assay tested in 356 patients with untreated Graves' disease was found to be 85%, and 97.5% for TRAK Dyno human in 111 newly diagnosed patients. Both tests were performed from the same serum specimen for 60 of the investigated patients. The TRAK Assay was positive in 50 patients (83.2%) and TRAK Dyno human in 59 patients (98.3%). The specificity of the new radio receptor assay was also improved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

A radio controlled box for the remote release of insects.

A description is given of a radio controlled box for the remote release of insects. It consists of a plaster-lined plastic container fitted with a battery and radio receiver which control a servo to open and close the lid. Instructions for construction and use are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The prediction of the temperature conditions in mobile installations of ground radio electronics systems].

The method cited in this article gives the possibility to estimate (prognosticate) the temperature of air in the working zone at the mobile objects of the ground radio electronic complexes. This method is based on formulas which take into account the lineal dependency of the air temperature inside the manned sectors from the outside temperature, sunlight intensity, type of a mobile complex, ventilation regime, and the grade of heat diffusion made by radio electronic equipment. The proposed formulas could be used for estimation (prognostication) of temperature conditions of the mobile objects at the stages of their development or during operating periods.

Electronics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temozolomide in radio-chemotherapy combined treatment for newly-diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: phase II clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Continuous research into new strategies and chemotherapy agents for the treatment of malignant high-grade gliomas have led to the synthesis of a new chemotherapy drug, temozolomide (TMZ), with a lower toxicity profile compared to conventional chemotherapy agents, such as nitrosoureas. Temozolomide is an oral alkylating chemotherapy agent licensed for the treatment of recurrent high-grade gliomas, anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Because of its favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and improved tolerability, TMZ is now under investigation for concomitant use with radiotherapy in patients with newly-diagnosed GBM. We present a phase II clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of radio-chemotherapy combined treatment using TMZ, followed by six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with TMZ, in patients with newly-diagnosed GBM who have undergone debulking surgery or biopsy only. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with newly histologically-diagnosed GBM were enrolled into this phase II clinical trial. In phase I of the study, TMZ (75 mg/m2/day per 7 days/wk for 6 weeks) was orally administered to patients concomitantly with radiotherapy (RT) (2 Gy per fraction once daily, per 5 days/wk for 6 weeks). In phase II of the study, four weeks after completion of RT, a monochemotherapy using TMZ was administered at the dosage of 200 mg/m2/day per 5 days every 28 days for 6 cycles. Primary end-points were the safety and tolerability profile of this two-phase combined treatment and secondary end-points were the objective response and survival rates at twelve months and eighteen months from study entry. RESULTS: The one-year survival rate of patients treated with the investigated multimodality treatment was 58% and median survival time was 15.7 months. Concomitant RT plus TMZ (phase I) followed by adjuvant TMZ (phase 2) were well-tolerated; indeed, nonhematological adverse events were rare and mild to moderate in severity; grade 3 and 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were the major-related hematological side-effects observed in only 2 and 3 of all patients in phase I and 4 patients in phase II. We found that the combination of radio- and chemo-therapy, in phase I of the study did not significantly increase the incidence and severity of hematological toxicity caused by the adjuvant TMZ-based chemotherapy administered in phase II of the study. CONCLUSION: The investigated multimodality treatment regimen was well-tolerated and prolonged survival while improving patients' quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastrin-secreting neuroendocrine carcinoma: two cases identified and treated surgically with a radio-guided technique].

The authors present two cases of gastrin-producing carcinoma demonstrated by scintigraphy with In-111 pentetreotide. The possible malignant evolution of such tumours and the good results that can be achieved with surgical therapy suggest the usefulness of a radio-guided intraoperative strategy to locate the lesions and minimise invasive procedures. This approach enabled us to detect a lymph-node metastasis concealed in the adipose tissue in the first case and to exclude any other gastrin-producing tumour localisations in the second. We recommend that the radio-guided strategy should be included among the guidelines for the treatment of gastrinomas and believe that the procedure can also be used in other functioning endocrine tumours.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Parathyroid glands radio-guided surgery].

INTRODUCTION: Several advances have been made in the management of hyperparathyroidism. The preoperative sestamibi scan appears to have revolutionized the entire approach to parathyroid surgery including minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. Gamma probe is a useful tool that complements a well performed localization of parathyroid adenomas. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the patients submitted to radio-guided parathyroidectomy between January and December 2003 at a Oncology tertiary hospital in Mexico City, for evaluate the results and shows the feasibility of this approach. RESULTS: Six patients was included, all of them referred to the hospital with the diagnosis of bone tumors or with bone disease suggest malignancy. Median serum level of preoperative calcium was 13.18 mg/dl. In all cases the transoperative localization of the affected gland was possible using gamma probe and according with Tc 99m sestamibi scintigraphy imaging. None perioperative deaths reported and there were no recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries neither recurrent hypercalcemia. Median serum level of postoperative calcium was 9.39 mg/dl. There were at histopathological analysis five adenomas and one hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Radio-guided parathyroidectomy is a useful approach for transopertaive localization of the affected gland, we obtained a 100% success rate, according with the histopathologic analysis and the normal postoperative serum calcium level.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preoperative radio-chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer].

Rectal cancer is characterised by a substantial incidence of recurrences despite radical surgical treatment. The combination of preoperative radio- and chemotherapy has afforded functional and prognostic advantages through the prospect it offers of performing a greater number of conservative operations and the enhanced control of locoregional recurrences it allows. In our institute we treated 27 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer over the period from January 1997 to December 2002. All 27 patients underwent preoperative radiochemotherapy (45 Gy on the pelvis and 5-fluorouracil administered on the first and last 5 days of radiotherapy). The patients were then submitted to surgery consisting in 12 abdomino-perineal resections of the rectum, 14 anterior rectal resections and 1 Hartmann's resection. Tumour regression was complete in 22.22% of cases and minimal in 14.81%; 50% reduction was achieved in 22.22% and 50-80% reduction in 40-70% of cases. The toxicity was 14.91%. The incidence of local failure was 3.7% with a follow-up of 52 months. In this series, preoperative radio-chemotherapy proved to be a powerful means of downstaging the tumours and of controlling local failure.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Three-year financial analysis of minimally invasive radio-guided parathyroidectomy.

Minimally invasive radio-guided parathyroidectomy (MIRP) has had a high success rate in correcting hypercalcemia, along with a low morbidity rate and high patient satisfaction. Our study was conducted in an attempt to analyze the cost-effectiveness of MIRP in patients treated for primary hyperparathyroidism. We conducted a retrospective study of the total charges of three groups of patients undergoing surgery for previously untreated hyperparathyroidism in a single health care system. The three study groups included patients undergoing traditional bilateral neck exploration, MIRP, and neck exploration guided by intraoperative parathormone (PTH) assay. Charges were stratified into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative categories. The average total charge was $8,512 for MIRP, $12,723 for traditional neck exploration, and $13,011 for bilateral neck exploration with PTH assay. The decreased charge for MIRP was due to reduced operating room time, anesthesia costs, length of hospitalization, and an avoidance of the use of intraoperative tissue analysis and PTH assay. There was a greater than $4,000 savings with MIRP as compared with the more extensive neck exploration. These savings more than compensate for the cost of technology (preoperative sestamibi scan and intraoperative gamma probe) necessary to perform radio-guided parathyroidectomy.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1997

[Analysis of ECG on the staffs exposed to microwave in the radio calling signal station].

321 electrocardiographies (ECG) from the staffs exposed to microwave in a radio calling signal station were analysed. The subjects exposed to microwave were female computer operators, who worked over six months in the station. 107 female non-exposers were served as control. The intensities of microwave in work site were below the standard (20-50 mW/m2). The abnormal prevalence of ECG in the exposed group was 27.73%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (11.21%, P<0.01). The prevalence of sinus arrhythmia in exposed group (19.63%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (5.60%, P<0.01). The P-R intervals were also lengthened in exposed group [(0.1554+/-0.021) ms] than that in control group [(0.1487+/-0.0227) ms, P<0.01]. No significant differences were found in the heart rate, QRS intervals, Q-T intervals, sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia and left axis deviation between exposed and control groups (P>0.05). It suggested that computer operators exposed to microwave of lower intensity in the radio calling signal station might lead to sinus arrhythmia, due to the disorder of vegetative nerve system.

Arrhythmia, Sinus↗