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Leading towards the future: implementing nursing leadership principles at the front line.

Federal and provincial professional bodies of nursing and healthcare are examining the role of nursing leadership and its relation in creating and sustaining quality work environments for nursing. Using the findings and recommendations of the Canadian Nursing Advisory Report Committee (2002) as a catalyst, nurse leaders from Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia (C&W) have collaborated to develop principles of nursing leadership to be used as a resource in determining roles and functions of front-line nurse leaders throughout the organization. In this paper, the process of creating those nursing leadership principles is described with a focus on the unit-based operational leader. Suggestions are made on how to evaluate the effectiveness of principle-based nursing leadership as implemented at C&W and its utility to the unit-based operational leader.

British Columbia↗

Case study: nursing professional practice councils: the quest for nursing excellence.

The quest for nursing excellence requires enthusiasm, commitment and a dedicated team of nurses. The desire to create an environment where nurses were valued, supported and empowered led to the development of a Nursing Professional Practice Council within an Ontario Public Health Unit. The journey is described in detail, from planning and implementation through lessons learned and recommendations for organizations embarking on a similar quest. As a direct result of the Nursing Professional Practice Council, experiences within the organization have exceeded expectations, justified the financial costs and improved relationships among all parties.

Decision Making, Organizational↗

Registered nurse and registered practical nurse evaluations of their hospital practice environments and their responses to these environments.

In 2003, over 13,000 Ontario nurses were surveyed to explore how they evaluated their hospital work environments and their responses to these practice environments. The purpose of this paper is to describe and compare these nurses' evaluations and responses. Sixty-five percent of nurses who were mailed surveys completed and returned a survey. Significant differences were found between registered nurse and registered practical nurse characteristics such as mean age, full-time employment rates, mean years of nursing experience and proportion enrolled in university or college educational programs. Both groups reported weak professional practice environments; however, there were some significant differences between the evaluations by registered nurses and those of registered practical nurses. Although both groups reported weak job satisfaction and moderate levels of burnout, there were significan differences in other responses. Study findings have implications for managing and leading nurses and for strengthening human resources practices.

Acute Disease↗

Illuminating the clinical nurse specialist role of advanced practice nursing: a qualitative study.

As the advanced practice nursing initiative in Canada gains momentum, effort is being directed towards clarifying and defining advanced practice roles. A qualitative study was undertaken to increase understanding of the clinical nurse specialist role of advanced practice. Sixteen nurses who worked in advanced practice roles, organizing and providing healthcare for children with complex health needs and their families across the continuum of care, participated in in-depth conversations about the nature of their practice, the knowledge that informs it and the factors that influence it. Findings suggest that clinical nurse specialists have a unique role in the organization and delivery of healthcare for specialized populations with complex health needs in their dual focus on the system level of healthcare and on population health needs. Initiatives directed to children and families within the study participants' specialties included program development, consultation and educational outreach and the development of clinical guidelines and policies. Although the nurses described their practice as focusing both on individual children and families and on the population of children and families within their specialty, it is at the population level that they see their greatest potential for contributing to the delivery of high-quality, cost-effective healthcare.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

GPs' perceptions of the nurse practitioner role in primary care.

The role of nurse practitioner (NP) is increasingly integrated into the primary healthcare team, yet there remains some confusion among general practitioners about what the role entails. Following on from previous work (Carr et al, 2001), this study indicates that the majority of GPs surveyed were supportive of the integration of the NP role in primary care, both to help reduce the GPs' workload and more importantly to give the patient a choice of who to consult. However, there was some difference in opinion as to what tasks were most appropriately linked to the NP role. This may be due to the GPs' lack of knowledge and experience of the role. There were also some reservations about the financial cost of training and employing NPs. If the health needs of the population are to be met and high quality, seamless care provided, the NP could provide a solution.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

Piecemeal policy may stop nurse prescribers fulfilling their potential.

In this article we discuss how the lack of visionary forward planning and muddled policy-making regarding nurse prescribing has caused role ambiguity and disaffection within community nursing. We explore elements of the development of nurse prescribing and discuss some of the terms that are currently being articulated, which are ill conceived, conceptually flawed and often misleading. We also discuss some of the current issues we perceive in relation to nurse prescribing, including the benefits and limitations for community practice. There are a number of professional issues that need to be clarified regarding the role, if nurses who take on the prescribing mantle are to fulfil their potential to benefit patient care.

Adult↗

Advancing practice by developing a primary care nursing programme.

The discussion of advanced practice in nursing is ongoing, yet the need for practice to advance and develop across the health economy is called for in much of the current literature and government policy. This article considers an educational intervention that set out to advance primary care nursing. The programme aimed to facilitated nurses to understand clients, families and carers in the community setting, to offer a high standard of care, to support specialist practitioner team leaders to work across community nursing disciplines and to make their own career development choices. Advancing practice in this novel primary care nursing programme required change management, collaboration, partnership, leadership and involvement of the staff nurses themselves.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

Professional accountability and industrial action: contradictory or compatible?

The decision of the RCN to jettison its rule forbidding industrial action has generated a great deal of debate, much of which is fairly ill-informed. This article examines the industrial action issue against the background of the UKCC's Code of Professional Conduct, explores the arguments for and against and draws some conclusions.

Humans↗

Specialist practice and the professional project for nursing.

This article examines the implications of the UKCC's (1994) decision to determine a sphere of practice for specialist practitioners. It coincides with the move towards professional status within nursing. It is argued that a specialization strategy for nursing has obvious advantages for those who wish nursing to be successful in its professionalization. However, unless managers use long-term planning the potential of specialist nursing practice may not be realized. It is suggested that the professionalization of nursing (professional project) is strongly linked to the fact that nursing remains a predominately female occupation (Witz, 1992), and initiatives, such as specialization, should be viewed from this standpoint. Clinical leadership is crucial to the success of specialism within nursing over the next few years. Opportunities need to be taken to reappraise specialist practitioner roles, and allow innovation to occur. Financial and educational support needs to be available and responsive; the clearer the message is regarding a clinical career structure for nursing, the more likely the 'professional project' is to succeed.

Career Mobility↗

Accountability: a fundamental component of nursing practice.

The nursing care of the patient makes great demands on nurses' knowledge and skills; the care given must be competent, efficient and effective. In order to achieve this, nurses must have the necessary authority to manage and control their practice. This article seeks to examine the concept of accountability and relates its relevance to everyday nursing practice. A theoretical and critical incident approach is employed to demonstrate the principles surrounding accountability within nursing.

Humans↗