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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Portuguese emigration 1958-1985: some empirical evidence.

"Supplying work in the home country or abroad must be seen as the result of the same decisional process. If that is true, the same set of variables should be used to explain the participation in the labor market and the emigration rates. Based upon empirical results [for Portuguese emigrants], we discuss some of the traditional conclusions of the economic literature. Our empirical results, for example, show that: (1) there is...strong support for considering home wages and the wages in the country of destination asymmetrically, (2) imperfections in the capital markets seem to play an important role when workers must pay for their moving expenses and (3) there is a differential in coefficients between the period before 1974 and after that date, as 1974 is the year most of the Central European countries changed their immigration policies."

Demography↗
PubMed1987

Immigration in Canada and Australia: some recent parallels.

"Canada and Australia share many similar post-war demographic characteristics. Both countries have experienced declining rates of natural population growth and adopted increasingly restrictive attitudes towards immigration during the 1970s in the face of rising unemployment. However, both countries have accepted relatively large numbers of political refugees, particularly from south-east Asia, and both have signalled that they intend to raise their migrant intake quotas despite continuing high levels of unemployment."

Americas↗
PubMed1987

The welfare effects of illegal immigration.

"This paper extends the work of Ethier on illegal immigration by examining the optimal level of enforcement for the labor-importing country in a two-country model and by considering the effects of allowing capital mobility. We derive a formula for the optimal level of enforcement against firms that hire illegal workers, and show that the presence of enforcement costs makes the policy less efficient than a wage tax. With capital mobility, foreign workers gain from an increase in enforcement in the home country because capital is driven out of the home country."

Demography↗
PubMed1996

Optimal immigration, education and growth in the long run.

"The paper extends Manning's model on education and balanced growth to include labour immigration. Each immigration unit is assumed to consist of one skilled worker and some unskilled members. The optimal immigration policy which maximizes the per capita steady-state consumption of the host country is derived. We show that optimal immigration policy can reduce the steady-state skilled labour ratio. More interesting still, contrary to the widespread belief that immigration of skilled workers hurts local skilled workers, it is the unskilled local workers whose interests are threatened by optimal immigration policy."

Demography↗
PubMed1987

Illegal aliens, unemployment and immigration policy.

"This paper develops a simple two-country model of illegal immigration in an attempt to examine the interaction among variables such as the stock of migrant labor, the unemployment rates of the two economies, and the rate of spending by the host country on the enforcement of its immigration restrictions. The focus of the analysis is on the dynamics of immigration policy and on its role in determining the nature of the mechanism by which disturbances to the labor market of one country are transmitted to that of the other in the short run and in the long run."

Demography↗
PubMed1993

Ideological roots of population transfer.

"A discussion of historic cases of ethnocentric state ideology and population transfer is presented here, followed by consideration of the development of state ideologies that underlie examples of three contemporary states in which population transfer has emerged as policy. These cases then lead to an assessment of population transfer under existing international law, and conclude with a call for further inquiry into specific cases with a view to further developing international law to prevent and redress population transfers and their destructive consequences."

Culture↗
PubMed1998

Asylum applications in the European Union: patterns and trends and the effects of policy measures.

"Statistics on asylum applications have been used in a highly selective way in the debates on refugees and asylum policies in Western Europe, to justify restrictive measures. This paper provides a more systematic analysis of these statistics. It focuses on the pattern of origins and destinations for asylum seekers in the European Union in the period 1985-1994.... When the patterns of origin and destinations are compared for separate years, it becomes clear that the destinations of asylum movements have been constantly changing. Though some of the more remarkable shifts were clearly related to policy measures in the relevant countries, many measures produced only limited effects or failed to have any effect at all."

Demography↗