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Results for “Maxillofacial Development”

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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Study of craniofacial morphology and skeletal maturation in juvenile diabetics (Type I).

The aims of this study were to examine the craniofacial morphology of patients with juvenile diabetes, to investigate the effects of juvenile diabetes on general growth and skeletal maturation, and to analyze the pattern of association between craniofacial morphology and skeletal maturation in these patients. The sample consisted of 20 male patients with juvenile diabetes whose ages ranged from 14 to 16 years and who were affected with the condition at least 5 years before the study. Twenty normal subjects, with the same age range, were chosen as a control group. Height, weight, lateral cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs were taken for all subjects, corrected for magnification distortion, and analyzed. The diabetic patients showed decreased skeletal maturation and decreased cephalometric linear and angular measurements when compared with the control group. These results should be considered when diabetic patients require orthodontic or orthopedic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Effects and noneffects of personal environmental experimentation on postnatal craniofacial growth.

Genetic makeup, as well as various environmental factors, such as gravity, temperature, disease, trauma, inflammation, radiation, and chemicals, may affect skeletal growth sites and centers, thereby causing faulty growth of bone(s). The degree of the subsequent deformity will depend not only on the type, intensity, extent, and chronology of the noxious agent but also on the site and its particular susceptibility and growth activity. Over the years, I conceived, designed, initiated, and carried out a series of experiments in regard to bone(s), in both young and adult animals. Eventually, I directed my efforts principally toward local surgical experimentation as it related to both normal and abnormal gross postnatal craniofacial growth. Because of the wide variety of different structures, their interrelated individualities, and the challenges presented in both its richness of sites of growth and complexity, the skull proved to be a most unusual source of study. The purpose of this selective, organized, and limited review, analysis, and summary of personally conducted experiments is to relate certain aspects of growth with change and nonchange to age, sites, rates, factors, and mechanisms. In many instances, there are correlations between basic research findings and clinical practice. There is no such similar report in the literature. This retrospective study brings it all together.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Some methods of assessing postnatal craniofaciodental growth: a retrospective of personal research.

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this review and summary are to evaluate several selected significant clinical and basic science methods utilized to assess growth of bone(s), and in particular craniofaciodental growth: appositional and resorptive (bone), endochondral (bones), and sutural (bones). This personal retrospective report includes in part anthropometry, impressions and casts, vital markers, histology, radiopaque implant markers with and without serial cephalometric radiographs, and autoradiography. Knowledge obtained from the use of these various methods on rats, ground squirrels, rabbits, pigs, dogs, monkeys, and humans has contributed to a deeper and more fundamental understanding of both the processes and roles that craniofaciodental biology plays in the advancement not only of basic biology but also of craniofacial surgery. Growth and development of the skeletal system has an important role in determining body form. The dynamics of growth of bones is a complicated process. A number of different methods have been described by which growth of bones can be evaluated on both a quantitative and qualitative basis. No single method, however, should be relied on, because although it may have certain definite advantages, it also has its limitations. The use of all available methods at both the basic and the clinical science levels will give a more complete and accurate understanding of the problems associated with the growth of bone(s). CONCLUSIONS: Many of us are concerned with the correction of malformations and deformations that can be a result of faulty growth of bones. Thus, further knowledge obtained in regard to the sites, direction, and amount of growth as well as pattern, rate, and mechanism will lead not only to a more accurate diagnosis of the bony defect but also to a better understanding of both prevention and treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Case report AE. Non-surgical correction of a severe Class II malocclusion (Brodie syndrome)

With a great deal of growth and cooperation over a period of 57 months it was possible to correct a severe Class II malocclusion (Brodie Syndrome) without surgical intervention. Initially, occlusal function was provided with a biteplate while the mandibular dentition was expanded. Following extraction of maxillary first and mandibular second premolars a fixed appliance (Edgewise) was used to complete all tooth movement. Through the treatment of this case the importance of function, growth and development was recognized.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed2002

Molecular dissection of craniofacial development using zebrafish.

The zebrafish, Danio rerio, is a small, freshwater teleost that only began to be used as a vertebrate genetic model by the late George Streisinger in the early 1980s. The strengths of the zebrafish complement genetic studies in mice and embryological studies in avians. Its advantages include high fecundity, externally fertilized eggs and transparent embryos that can be easily manipulated, inexpensive maintenance, and the fact that large-scale mutagenesis screens can be performed. Here we review studies that have used the zebrafish as a model for craniofacial development. Lineage studies in zebrafish have defined the origins of the cranial skeleton at the single-cell level and followed the morphogenetic behaviors of these cells in skeletal condensations. Furthermore, genes identified by random mutational screening have now revealed genetic pathways controlling patterning of the jaw and other pharyngeal arches, as well as the midline of the skull, that are conserved between fish and humans. We discuss the potential impact of specialized mutagenesis screens and the future applications of this versatile, vertebrate developmental model system in the molecular dissection of craniofacial development.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Duplication of stomatodeal structures: report of three cases with literature review and suggestion for classification.

Three cases of duplications of stomatodeal structures are reported. One had an accessory mouth that could move simultaneously with his mouth at sternal notch. Another had a teeth-bearing bony mass at left maxilla with excessive upper lip and a false pouch. The third had an excessive upper lip, upper jaw with teeth, and hard and soft palate. The literature is reviewed, and a classification is suggested: type I, a duplicated mouth; type II, duplication of maxilla-upper lip or mandible-lower lip complex; and type III, centrally located, poorly developed lip-jaw duplication.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

[Induction of jaw bone formation by tooth autotransplantation].

A case-report of segmental underdevelopment of the alveolar process in the upper jaw of an eleven-year old girl is presented. At the site where the alveolar ridge was underdeveloped, two impacted malformed incisors were found. The malformed teeth had almost normal crowns, but the root-development had terminated 1-2 mm beyond the cementoenamel junction. The patient was treated by removal of the two malformed impacted teeth, followed by autotransplantation of the developing second premolar with the intention of inducing bone formation. The result was promising. After 3 years the alveolar process had developed to almost normal vertical hight. Some considerations are made regarding the possible origin of the bone induction factors in tooth buds. The fact that this patient demonstrated an underdevelopment of the alveolar process in spite of the formation of almost normal crowns, is taken as evidence that the bone stimulating principle in tooth buds are not to be found in the enamel organ proper, but must be related to Hertwig's epithelial sheath, root development and tooth eruption.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1984

Variations in craniofacial morphology with severity of isolated cleft palate.

Cephalometric X-ray studies were carried out in 90 adult males with isolated cleft palate operated upon by the same method. The results were evaluated according to the extent of the clefts (complete, incomplete, or soft palate alone). But for a few exceptions the neurocranium and the cranial base showed no substantial deviations. Similarly, as in cleft lip and palate, a shortening of maxillary depth and a deficient mandibular growth were recorded, with no reduction of the vertical growth of the upper face, retroclination of the dentoalveolar maxillary component or increase of the interocular distance noted. No posterior displacement of the maxilla was found. The two observed deviations resulted in the retrusion of the upper and lower jaws, the flattening of the skeletal profile, impaired maxillomandibular relations and limitation of anterior growth rotation. Soft palate clefts were associated with less retrusion of the maxilla, while the growth deficiency of the mandible was even more marked. The least shortening of the mandible occurred in complete clefts. In general, incomplete clefts were associated with the most marked changes. The flattening of the skeletal profile in complete and incomplete clefts was masked by an increased thickness of the upper lip. Soft palate clefts were associated frequently with a shorter and hard palate. Our results were in agreement with experimental knowledge of the role played by the mandible in the development of isolated cleft palate.

Adult↗