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PubMed2005

Management of malignant pericardial effusion with instillation of mitomycin C in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of mitomycin C in the local control of malignant pericardial effusion, we carried out a trial of pericardial drainage with local instillation of mitomycin C in eight patients who suffered from cardiac tamponade or symptomatic large pericardial effusion caused by advanced non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: After complete removal of the pericardial effusion by an ultrasound-guided inserted catheter, 2 mg of mitomycin C was instilled into the pericardial space via the catheter. RESULTS: The drainage catheter was successfully removed in all patients. The duration of pericardial drainage ranged from 7 to 14 days (median 10.5 days). Six of the eight patients achieved a complete remission of pericardial effusions without any adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Intrapericardial instillation of 2 mg of mitomycin C was feasible and demonstrated a promising response against malignant pericardial effusion resulting from non-small cell lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cisplatin-cyclophosphamide-mitomycin combination chemotherapy with supportive care versus supportive care alone for treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Patients with TNM stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer have short survival times. Previous controlled studies comparing chemotherapy and supportive care for the treatment of this type of cancer have not given consistent results, have included patients with different disease stages, and have rarely reported drug dose intensity. PURPOSE: The present trial was designed to assess the safety and the effect on survival of supportive care alone versus chemotherapy with cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and mitomycin combined with appropriate supportive care in patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer. METHODS: Patients (n = 102) with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer were randomly assigned to one of two treatment regimens. The combined modality group (52 patients) received supportive care along with cisplatin (75 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (400 mg/m2), and mitomycin (10 mg/m2) given intravenously at 3-week intervals. The supportive care group (50 patients) received supportive care alone. Randomization was stratified on the basis of histology (squamous versus nonsquamous cell carcinoma), performance status (Karnofsky), and weight loss (during the 6 months preceding randomization). The two groups were well matched for age and sex. Survival analysis was performed after the last patient died. RESULTS: The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 3.5 per patient. Mean weekly delivered doses of drugs were as follows: cisplatin, 22.1 mg/m2; cyclophosphamide, 118 mg/m2; and mitomycin, 2.9 mg/m2. Toxic effects due to chemotherapy were generally mild, but peripheral neuropathy and hematologic and renal toxic effects were observed. In the supportive care group, mean survival was 6.1 months (median, 4.0 months); six patients lived at least 12 months and two lived at least 18 months. In the combined modality group, mean survival was 11.3 months (median, 8.5 months); 20 patients lived at least 12 months, 13 lived at least 18 months, and five lived at least 24 months. Difference in survival was statistically significant (P < .0001). Survival was directly related to initial performance status in both groups (P < .01) and was significantly (P < .01) longer for patients with squamous cell carcinoma than for those with nonsquamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of supportive care and cisplatin-cyclophosphamide-mitomycin therapy offers a survival advantage over supportive care alone in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. IMPLICATIONS: Metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, generally considered to be unresponsive or marginally responsive to chemotherapy, can be treated with chemotherapy, with an expectation of prolonging patient survival. Although the results of the present study are encouraging, clinical research should continue to be directed toward developing more effective treatments for this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The centromere as a target for the induction of chromosome damage in resting and proliferating mammalian cells: assessment of mitomycin C-induced genetic damage at kinetochores and centromeres by a micronucleus test in mouse splenocytes.

The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (MN) on murine splenocytes was used for the estimation of chromosome damage in a resting cell population in vivo that can be induced to proliferate in vitro. Mitomycin C at different doses (10(-8), 6 x 10(-8), 10(-7), 6 x 10(-7) and 10(-6)M) was used to induce cytogenetic damage in resting and cycling splenocytes. Antikinetochore antibodies (CREST) and two-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with minor and major satellite DNA were applied. These approaches allowed the detailed characterization of the mechanisms by which MN originates, since it was possible to identify breaks induced in pericentric heterochromatic (resulting in MN containing the major but not the minor satellite DNA) or detachment/disruption of kinetochore (resulting in different frequencies of MN containing kinetochore or both probes). Based on the evidence that resting and cycling mouse splenocytes are characterized by different spatial distribution of centromeric regions, the hypothesis was tested that the damage induced by mutagens at centromeres is influenced by the phase of the cell cycle in which the cells are treated. Data presented here show that resting and cycling splenocytes are both sensitive to mitomycin C action, and indicate that this compound has an aneugenic potential, besides its strong clastogenic activity. In particular, results obtained after CREST and FISH characterization of MN differed when cells were treated during proliferation, suggesting a disruption/detachment of kinetochores induced by mitomycin C at this cell stage. Furthermore, under the same treatment condition the proportion of MN containing the major satellite DNA only was greater than expected on the basis of random breakage at this site. Treatment of resting cells produced aneugenic damage, but without evidence of disruption/detachment of kinetochores or preferential breakage at the centromere. These results indicate that the amount and type of chromosome damage induced by mitomycin C in mouse splenocytes differ in relation to the proliferative status of treated cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Vanillin (3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) inhibits mutation induced by hydrogen peroxide, N-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine and mitomycin C but not (137)Cs gamma-radiation at the CD59 locus in human-hamster hybrid A(L) cells.

We have investigated the ability of the naturally occurring plant essence vanillin (3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) to inhibit mutation at the CD59 locus on human chromosome 11 by hydrogen peroxide, N-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine, mitomycin C and (137)Cs gamma-radiation in human-hamster hybrid A(L) cells. Previous studies using vanillin have suggested that it can inhibit chromosome aberrations induced by hydrogen peroxide and mitomycin C, as well as inhibiting X-ray- and UV-induced mutations at the hprt locus. Other studies with vanillin have shown that it can increase both the toxicity and mutagenicity of ethyl methane sulfonate and increase the induction of sister chromatid exchange by mitomycin C and a variety of other mutagens. The increased sensitivity of the A(L) assay, which is due in part to its ability to detect both small (single locus) and large (multilocus) genetic damage, allows us to measure the effect of vanillin at low doses of mutagen. Vanillin is shown, in these studies, to inhibit mutation induced by hydrogen peroxide, N-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine and mitomycin C, as well as to enhance the toxicity of these agents. Vanillin had no effect on either toxicity or mutation induced by (137)Cs gamma-radiation. The vanillin-induced potentiation of H(2)O(2) toxicity is shown not to involve inhibition of catalase or glutathione peroxidase. These results show that vanillin is able to inhibit mutation at the CD59 locus and modify toxicity in a mutagen-specific manner. Possible mechanisms to explain the action of vanillin include inhibition of a DNA repair process that leads to the death of potential mutants or enhancement of DNA repair pathways that protect from mutation but create lethal DNA lesions during the repair process.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Suramin in combination with mitomycin C in hormone-resistant prostate cancer. A phase II clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Hormone-resistant prostate cancer can respond to mitomycin C or to suramin. This trial was undertaken to investigate the value of mitomycin C given with low dose suramin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer were given suramin 350 mg/m2 daily for 5 days, followed by 350 mg/m2 weekly starting on day 14. Mitomycin C 12 mg/m2 was given every 5 weeks starting on day 14. RESULTS: Toxicity included maculo-papular skin rash in 8 patients, haematological toxicity in 16 (anaemia 13, leucopenia 11 and thrombocytopenia 9, bleeding 8), infection in 4 and fatigue in 11. Ten patients developed neurotoxicity, (temporary sensory peripheral neuropathy in 8, upper limb motor neuropathy in 1, and restless legs syndrome in 1) and 9 developed proteinuria. Other toxicities were mild nausea and vomiting, oedema, transient elevation of liver enzymes, stomatitis, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and alopecia. During induction treatment the median trough suramin level was 140 micrograms/ml (range 100-273) and during maintenance treatment the median suramin level was 93 micrograms/ml. The median overall trough level was 93 micrograms/ml. There were one complete and 6 partial responses. Fifteen patients had disease stabilization. The median time to treatment failure was 103 days, and the median survival 209 days. CONCLUSION: The combination of suramin and mitomycin C has therapeutic activity, but causes significant toxicity in patients with hormone-resistant prostatic carcinoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1981

Kinetics of photoinactivation and photooxidation of mitomycin C in the presence of riboflavin.

The kinetic relation between the photoinactivation and photooxidation of mitomycin C in the presence of riboflavin was investigated. The photoinactivation was tested for lambda-phage induction in Escherichia coli K-12 (lambda) cells and colony formation of E. coli Bs-1 cells. Mitomycin C lost its phage-inducing and antibiotic activities when the antibiotic was irradiated in vitro with visible light in the presence of riboflavin. The loss of phage-inducing activity followed a Stern-Volmer type equation with respect to the dose of irradiation, and the inactivation constant was evaluated to be 0.96X10(-4)m2/J. The initial rate of decay of mitomycin C by photooxidation in the presence of riboflavin obeyed first order kinetics, and its cross section was estimated to be 2.51X10(-6)m/J independent of the intensity of incident light. The cross section for photooxidation was found to be proportional to the inactivation constant. These results suggest that the photoinactivation of mitomycin C is caused by its photooxidation. In order to rationalize this conclusion, a mechanism of photooxidation was proposed and reactions in vivo of the photoproduct were discussed in relation to the inactivation.

Bacteriophage lambda↗
PubMed1998

Phase II study of continuous 120 h infusion of mitomycin C as salvage chemotherapy in patients with progressive or rapidly recurrent colorectal cancer.

We evaluated the therapeutic activity and safety of continuously infused mitomycin C in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had recurred (less than 3 months) or progressed following first- or second-line 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Treatment consisted of mitomycin C 20 mg/m2 i.v. given over 120 h (5 days) followed by a 3 week rest period. Fifty-two consecutively enrolled patients were assessable for toxicity and 49 for response evaluation (three patients evaluable but not measurable), completing at least one full course of chemotherapy. Previous chemotherapy regimens consisted of bolus 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid (5-FU/FA) (Machover) n=26 (50%) or continuous (24 h) 5-FU+/-FA+/-interferon n=26 (50%). Forty-two percent of patients had received one previous chemotherapy regimen and 58% more than one. One partial remission (2%) lasting 7 months and 11 disease stabilizations (23%) with a median duration of 3.2 months (range 1-8) were achieved in 49 patients. Median survival time since start of mitomycin C was 4.7 months (1.2-28.1) resulting in a 6 month survival rate of 36%. The progression-free interval was 10 weeks (range 4-36). Delayed and cumulative thrombo- and leukocytopenia (WHO grade III/IV) were observed in 19 and 6%, and anemia in 2% of patients. WHO grade I/IV mucositis, diarrhea and fever/infection occurred each in 6% of patients. Treatment delays and dose reductions were necessary in 11 (21%) and 21 (40%) patients, respectively. In three cases treatment was stopped due to cumulative thrombocytopenia (6%). Continuous infusion of single-agent mitomycin C displays modest activity in heavily pretreated 5-FU refractory colorectal cancer patients combined with a low toxicity level.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Use of mitomycin C in repeat dacryocystorhinostomy.

PURPOSE: The usefulness of a single intraoperative application of mitomycin C was investigated in repeat dacryocystorhinostomy for membranous failure. METHODS: Mitomycin C (0.3 mg/ml for 3 minutes) was topically applied to the fistula site in eight patients undergoing repeat dacryocystorhinostomy for membranous failure. RESULTS: All patients remain asymptomatic and anatomic patency confirmed by probe and irrigation with a mean follow-up period of 14.6 months (range, 6-26 months). No postoperative complications associated with the use of mitomycin C were observed. CONCLUSIONS: In patients who do not maintain a patent fistula after dacryocystorhinostomy because of membranous occlusion of the rhinostomy site, the adjunctive use of mitomycin C may increase the success rate of repeat dacryocystorhinostomy.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Histopathology and ultrastructural examination of optic nerve sheath biopsies after optic nerve sheath decompression with and without mitomycin.

PURPOSE: We chose to compare histologically and ultrastructurally changes in the optic nerve sheath after optic nerve sheath decompression, initially after a second surgery and after treatment with mitomycin-C. The mechanism by which optic nerve sheath decompression alleviates papilledema can be further understood in consideration of the results. METHODS: Tissue was obtained by biopsy from 3 first-time surgical and 4 reoperative cases with and without mitomycin-C in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The sheaths were fixed in a mixture of 2% paraformaldehyde and 2% glutaraldehyde, osmicated and dehydrated in a series of ethanol, and finally embedded in epon. Tissue blocks were sectioned at 1 microm and stained with both PPD and toluidine blue. Thin sections were examined by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Normal meningeal tissue obtained at the time at optic nerve sheath decompression consisted mainly of collagen, closely packed and roughly parallel to the axis of the optic nerve. Collagen deposition seen in scar tissue after secondary optic nerve sheath decompression was extremely disorganized and irregular, with the individual fibers laid down seemingly at random. There was little sense of layering or of parallel arrays. Mitomycin-C appeared to influence collagen deposition in such a way that the collagen was more regularly packed and more closely resembled unoperated tissue. CONCLUSIONS: The regular well-organized collagen packing seen in normal sheath tissue is disrupted and replaced by less organized but compact scar tissue after optic nerve sheath decompression. With mitomycin use, more regular collagen packing closely approximating that found in unoperated sheath occurs. This configuration of fibers lends support for the filtration mechanism of optic nerve sheath decompression in treating papilledema.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed2002

Mitomycin C as adjunct therapy in correcting punctal stenosis.

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of intraoperative mitomycin C in improving the success rate of the posterior punctectomy procedure. METHODS: The charts of all patients who underwent posterior punctectomy between the years 1997 and 2000 were reviewed. The procedure was done without mitomycin C (n = 26 eyes, group A) until the end of 1998 and with mitomycin C (n = 25 eyes, group B) starting in 1999. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: In group A, 5 of 26 (19.2%) eyes had complete anatomic obstruction and scarring of their puncta after surgery, compared with 0 of 25 (0.0%) eyes in group B. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.02). No significant complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Mitomycin C appears to be a safe and effective adjunct therapy in correcting punctal stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Single dosage of mitomycin C for prevention of recurrent pterygium: preliminary report.

We studied the recurrence rate of pterygium after administration of a single dosage of topical mitomycin C at the completion of pterygium surgery. Forty patients who had advanced or recurrent pterygium underwent excision of pterygium, leaving the sclera bare. Patients were randomized in a masked fashion into two groups of 20 patients each. Group 1 received a single dosage of topical 0.02% mitomycin C for 5 min at the completion of the surgery whereas group 2 underwent the same procedure but received NaCl 0.9% instead of mitomycin C. Patients were followed from 6 to 15 months in a masked manner. The pterygium recurred in one patients (5%) in group 1, whereas in group 2 the recurrence rate was 45% (p = 0.0035). Formation of dellen and a delay of epithelialization for 5 weeks were found in one patient in group 2. No complications were observed in patients in group 1. This study indicates the possible advantage of administration of a single dosage of 0.02% mitomycin C for postoperative prevention of recurrence of pterygium.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Clinical significance of a NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 polymorphism in patients with disseminated peritoneal cancer receiving intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy with mitomycin C.

Recent data indicate that NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is important in the activation of mitomycin C. A polymorphism in human NQO1 (609C>T) is associated with diminished NQO1 activity. The purpose of our study was to determine the effect of the 609C>T polymorphism on tumor NQO1 activity and overall survival in patients with disseminated peritoneal cancer receiving intraperitoneal mitomycin C therapy. Patients with disseminated peritoneal cancer of gastrointestinal or other origin were eligible. Following aggressive surgical debulking, patients were administered a 2-h heated (40.5 degrees C) intraperitoneal perfusion with mitomycin C. NQO1 activity was determined in tumor tissue obtained during surgery and patients were genotyped for the NQO1 C609T polymorphism using a polymerase chain reaction-based method. The major response variable monitored during the trial was overall survival. Of the 117 patients genotyped for the NQO1 609C>T polymorphism, 67% were wild-type (WT), 31% were heterozygous (HE), and 2% were homozygous mutant (HM). In tumor tissue, the mean NQO1 activities from WT (n = 14) and HE (n = 5) patients were 794 +/- 603 and 70 +/- 133.1 nmol/min/mg protein respectively (P = 0.006). Significant differences in survival between WT versus HE/HM genotypes were noted in optimally debulked patients (R0/R1) (43.6+ months, median not yet reached versus 23 months respectively, P = 0.037) and in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colonic origin (18.2 versus 11.5 months respectively, P = 0.050). These data indicate that the NQO1 609C>T polymorphism results in significantly reduced tumor NQO1 activity and reduced survival in subsets of patients receiving intraperitoneal hyperthermic mitomycin C therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Primary deep sclerectomy versus primary deep sclerectomy with the use of mitomycin C in primary open-angle glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To prospectively study and compare the effectiveness and the safety of primary deep sclerectomy with and without the use of mitomycin C in eyes with open-angle glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 90 eyes of 90 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or pseudoexfoliative glaucoma underwent deep sclerectomy. Patients were enrolled consecutively and assigned randomly to undergo deep sclerectomy without the use of mitomycin C (DS group) and deep sclerectomy with the application of mitomycin C (DSMMC group) in a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL for 2.5 minutes, before the superficial scleral flap formation. RESULTS: The intraocular pressure was significantly decreased by 7.13 mm Hg or 27.59% in the DS group and by 11.68 mm Hg or 42.25% in the DSMMC group at the end of the follow-up period. The intraocular pressure reduction in the DSMMC group was statistically significant when compared with that in the DS group (P <0.05). The complete (IOP <22 mm Hg without medication) and qualified (IOP < 22 mm Hg with or without medication) success rates at the end of the follow-up period were 42.5% and 72.5% in the DS group and 50% and 95% in the DSMMC group. The qualified success rate in the DSMMC group was statistically significant when compared with that in the DS group. Differences in complications (choroidal detachment, hyphema, leakage) seen between the two groups were statistically nonsignificant. A hemorrhagic detachment of the Descemet membrane was observed in one eye in the DSMMC group. CONCLUSIONS: The use of intraoperative mitomycin C during deep sclerectomy significantly reduced the postoperative IOP and increased the success rate of the procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

How and when to use mitomycin-C in refractive surgery.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Mitomycin-C is an antimetabolite that has seen increased use in ophthalmology over the past several decades. From glaucoma surgery to the management of various corneal disorders, mitomycin-C seems to be a viable tool in the management of scar and haze formation. RECENT FINDINGS: With the constant evolution of refractive surgery, mitomycin-C has come to the forefront as a modulator of corneal wound healing after excimer laser surface ablation. SUMMARY: This article will describe the various indications, techniques, and current trends of mitomycin-C application in corneal refractive surgery.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed2005

Mitomycin C and epirubicin: functional bladder damage in rats after repeat intravesical instillations.

PURPOSE: We studied functional damage in the bladder after intravesical administration of mitomycin C or epirubicin in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 rats were divided into 4 groups. Rats in 3 groups received intravesical instillations of mitomycin C, epirubicin or saline. Rats in group 4 received no intravesical instillations and served as normal controls. The doses of drugs administered were based on those used for therapeutic purposes. Changes in vesical capacity and bladder wall compliance were determined. Compliance was defined as the change in vesical volume induced by a given change in pressure. RESULTS: Weekly instillations of 1 mg/ml mitomycin C caused a statistically significant decrease in vesical volume and compliance, which persisted 3 weeks after the cessation of therapy. Epirubicin also induced changes in vesical volume and compliance but only that in bladder compliance achieved statistical significance. These changes were not seen in NaCl treated animals or in normal controls. CONCLUSIONS: Repeat intravesical instillations of mitomycin C have a prolonged effect on bladder function that is not seen after saline solution or epirubicin instillation.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed2004

Use of mitomycin C in the pediatric airway.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Mitomycin C was not used in the field of otolaryngology before 1998. Currently it is commonly used by all pediatric otolaryngologists dealing with airway stenoses. Mitomycin C offers the surgeon a method of modifying healing and diminishing granulation tissue and cicatricial scar. RECENT FINDINGS: There are numerous animal studies showing the beneficial effect of mitomycin C on wound healing in the airway. The human studies rarely have controls and in many cases are case reports. Human studies typically use dosages commonly used in ophthalmology, which are in the low range in relation to the animal airway studies. SUMMARY: This article attempts to summarize the available research on mitomycin C, helping the clinical otolaryngologist choose the proper dosage, indications, and frequency of use.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of mitomycin C and porfiromycin on exponentially growing and plateau phase cultures.

Laboratory studies and clinical trials are exploring the use of hypoxia-directed cytotoxic agents as adjuncts to radiotherapy. Because hypoxia and the microenvironmental inadequacies associated with hypoxia in solid tumours inhibit cell proliferation, an essential requirement for the successful use of hypoxia-directed drugs in cancer therapy is that these drugs be toxic to quiescent tumour cells, as well as tumour cells progressing rapidly through the cell cycle. The experiments reported here compared the cytotoxicities of mitomycin C and porfiromycin to exponentially growing and plateau phase cultures of EMT6 mouse mammary tumour cells. The proliferative status of the cultures did not influence the cytotoxicity of mitomycin C under either aerobic or hypoxic conditions, or the cytotoxicity of porfiromycin in air. Exponentially growing cultures were slightly more sensitive than plateau phase cultures to porfiromycin in hypoxia, but the difference between the sensitivities of proliferating and quiescent cells was much smaller than the difference between aerobic and hypoxic cells. No evidence for repair of potentially lethal damage was found after treatment with porfiromycin in air or in hypoxia; this is in agreement with previous findings for mitomycin C. Mitomycin C and porfiromycin therefore exhibit the toxicity to quiescent cells needed for effective use as hypoxia-directed drugs for the treatment of solid tumours.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed2006

Effect of mitomycin C on ostium in dacryocystorhinostomy.

BACKGROUND: To observe the effect of intraoperative mitomycin C of varying concentration on postoperative ostium size after external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). METHODS: In this prospective controlled study, 60 cases of DCR were taken up irrespective of age and sex. Cases were divided into three groups. Group 1 was taken as a control group and operated without mitomycin C; in experimental group 2 and group 3, mitomycin C at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL and 0.4 mg/mL was applied, respectively, for 2 min. Each group consisted of 20 cases. Half of the cases in each group underwent single-flap DCR (SFDCR) and half underwent double-flap DCR (DFDCR) surgery. Nasal endoscopic evaluation was performed on the first postoperative day, at 2 weeks and at 6 months after surgery. A Student's t-test was used to compare the osteotomy size of each group. RESULTS: At the end of the final follow up, average size of the ostium in group 1 was 3.6+/-2.36 mm2 in SFDCR and 4.5+/-3.59 mm2 in DFDCR, in group 2 was 4.8+/-4.82 mm2 in SFDCR and 4.9+/-4.12 mm2 in DFDCR, and in group 3 was 16.6+/-6.80 mm2 in SFDCR and 17.5+/-9.07 mm2 in DFDCR. The ostium size in group 3 was found to be significantly bigger in comparison with group 1 (P=0.0001 in SFDCR, P=0.001 in DFDCR) and with group 2 (P=0.0009 in SFDCR, P=0.001 in DFDCR). No statistically significant difference of ostium size was found in SFDCR and DFDCR. CONCLUSION: Mitomycin C in appropriate dose minimizes postoperative fibrosis and granulations, thereby maintaining a bigger postoperative ostium throughout the postoperative observation period.

Adolescent↗