SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Starting out from the 10th World Congress of the International Society for Rehabilitation of the Disabled, held 1966 in Wiesbaden on the subject of "Industrial Society and Rehabilitation", social-legislational developments are out-lined, among them the 1971 accident insurance coverage for pupils, the 1974 rehabilitation harmonization act, and the 1975 extension of social insurance coverage to disabled persons working in workshops for the disabled; problems yet unsolved in the structured system of social protection are pointed out. The problem of "early rehabilitation", still to a very great extent unresolved, is dealt with in the context of the present distinction between "acute medicine" und "rehabilitation" facilities. In rehabilitation of persons with chronic mental illness, numerous models have been developed; a generally accepted, and available approach however has not emerged so far. For ensuring care quality and continuity, the urgent need for community-based availability of the "rehabilitation team" is underlined, and interdisciplinary further education efforts are demanded for all professions in the team, both in facility- and community-based service delivery.
Special problems are described concerning expert opinions on hearing disability and hearing loss with regard to the German Social Rights for Compensation and the laws for handicapped persons. In some aspects there are similarities to the rights of accident insurance, but disability programs question only the degree of handicap present and not the source of the hearing loss. The expert opinion on the subject's ability to work in his or any other profession must only determine the patient's ability to hear and the tasks needed to fulfill the profession. Special attention is given to the problems arising from tinnitus.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
In 48 patients who had neurosensory hypoacusia and whose main complaint was tinnitus, a 1% pilocarpine solution or a 2% carbachol Isopto solution was placed in the tympanic cavity by means of a No. 26 pencil-tipped lumbar puncture needle through the front quadrant of the eardrum. Patients were chosen without regard for age, gender, or topographical damage of the acoustic pathway. Evaluation of the drug's effect was performed audiometrically by masking with the minimum intensity of the pure sound or narrow band that most closely resembled the patients' own noises. The results of this medical therapy were positive and ranged from complete annulment to attenuation of the tinnitus, which was confirmed by audiometric masking 30 minutes after the intratympanic injection. These positive results reached 50% and would have been higher if the several cases submitted by accident insurance companies and cases of presbyacusia were discarded. The unsatisfactory element of the study was the short-term effect of the therapy, which usually lasted no more than 12-72 hours. Tinnitus reappeared in all patients at its original intensity. The best results involved the use of carbachol as compared with pilocarpine. The decision to replace pilocarpine with carbachol was based on the idea that the inhibitory cholinergic efferent pathways are damaged before the afferent pathways. The use of pilocarpine depends on efficient cholinergic functioning, as its activity is as an indirect agonist (i.e., to annul the cholinesterase enzyme).
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aspects of civil law of importance for the psychiatrist as expert witness are those dealing with disability pensions accident insurance, compensation in civil law and rights of the seriously disabled. The legal basis of each is briefly outlined, and some guidelines given for psychiatric court reports. Some outstanding theoretical and practical problems are mentioned.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
High medical malpractice insurance premiums charged to physicians have created the perception of a crisis. Some researchers have expressed the concern that medical malpractice insurance companies are making excessive profits. In this paper I compute the actual and allowable normal underwriting profit rates in medical malpractice, as well as in other liability lines, for six large insurance companies. These allowable, normal profit rates are then compared with actual profit rates to evaluate the relative profitability of each line of insurance. Data from 1978 through 1986 show that medical malpractice insurance ranked medium in underwriting profitability compared with other lines of insurance, and during 1985-86 it was the least profitable insurance business.
In 1975 an acute febrile bronchopulmonary illness after massive inhalation of fungal spores in silos was described as "pulmonary mycotoxicosis". Subsequently the disorder was referred to as "silo unloader's syndrome" or as a special form of "organic dust toxic syndrome" (ODTS). In this article the three cases of silo unloader's syndrome recognized by the Swiss National Accident Insurance Company (SUVA) between 1978 and 1989 as being an occupational disease are described. Two of the three patients with ODTS were wrongly diagnosed as suffering from allergic alveolitis and a change of occupation was proposed. Therefore, it is important to recognize ODTS in order to avoid unnecessary treatment and a change of occupation. ODTS can be prevented by technical measures such as prevention of mould formation and, in the case of exposure to fungal spores, use of an adequate breathing mask or a powered dust respirator helmet.
From 1980 to 1986 the Swiss National Accident Insurance Company (SUVA) recognized isocyanate-induced airway diseases as an occupational illness in 245 cases, which are presented retrospectively. Since isocyanates are widely used they are found at a large variety of workplaces. At present, isocyanates are the most frequent cause of occupational asthma in the Swiss industrial field. After complete avoidance of any further exposure respiratory symptoms persisted or airway obstruction could still be documented in one third of patients. An unfavourable prognosis is significantly associated with the following factors: (1) bronchial obstruction (FEVl/VC) at first pulmonary function test; (2) RAST positive for isocyanates; (3) long latency period between onset of symptoms and end of exposure. Therefore, individuals with isocyanate-induced airway diseases must be immediately removed from any further exposure to these substances.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Compensation for dental damage in the adult (common law) must follow the physiological deficit and its consequences as closely as possible. Any dental loss must be compensated, but also any relative loss when dental trauma requires therapeutic mortification. Loss of the canines, of functional dental groups, unilateral posterior prostheses with prolongation, temporomandibular dysfunction and prosthetic difficulties must be taken into account in order to ensure just compensation for damage sustained. Prostheses and their replacement must be compensated separately from injury compensation. Accessory consequences linked to dental damage must not be neglected.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.