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PubMed1990

[Treatment of patients with acute lung abscesses by intrapulmonary injections of antibiotics and endobronchial administration of autologous macrophages].

The stay in hospital was compared for patients with acute abscesses of the lungs treated according to the standard scheme and a new method of intrapulmonary antibiotic injections and endobronchial administration of actologous macrophages. The proposed treatment proved more efficient, as it resulted in a 12.1 +/- 0.3 day decrease in the duration of hospital stay versus control group on conventional regime.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of the intravenous administration of finoptin on coronary venous blood flow in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Intravenous finoptin (verapamil), 10 mg, was tested for effects on the coronary venous blood flow by probing the coronary sinus and great vein of the heart and performing atrial pacing in 24 patients with ischemic heart disease and eukinetic central hemodynamics. In persons who had had initial high blood flow in the coronary sinus, the agent was found to induce resting coronary venous blood flow changes which were inadequate for its demand and during cardiac pacing; whereas in patients with mean initial venous blood flow values, finoptin enabled myocardial oxygen consumption to be provided both in the region of non-infarcted myocardium and in the ischemic area.

Coronary Circulation↗
PubMed1989

[A european multicenter and randomized study of APSAC versus streptokinase in myocardial infarction].

In a multicentre randomized open study conducted on two parallel groups the effectiveness of APSAC was compared with that of streptokinase (SK) in 116 cases of myocardial infarction treated during the first 2.75 hours. APSAC (30 IU) was administered by intravenous bolus injection over 2 to 5 minutes, and SK (1.5 million IU) by intravenous infusion over 60 minutes. The patency of the coronary artery responsible for myocardial infarction was evaluated by coronary arteriography performed 1.74 h on average after the beginning of treatment; it was 70 p. 100 in the APSAC group and 51 p. 100 in the SK group (p less than 0.05). The fall in plasma fibrinogen was similar in both groups (mean minimum level; 0.2 g/l). Haemorrhages occurred in 9/58 patients treated with APSAC (15.5 p. 100) and in 13/58 patients treated with SK (22.4 p. 100); these haemorrhages took place during the first 24 hours in 4 patients of the APSAC group and in 10 patients of the SK group. Five patients died: 2 in the APSAC group and 3 in the SK group. In a subgroup of 38 patients who underwent 3 control coronary arteriographies (at 90 min, 24 hours and 3 weeks), the patency rates were 63 p. 100, 82 p. 100 and 93 p. 100 respectively with APSAC and 44 p. 100, 86 p. 100 and 92 p. 100 respectively with SK (NS). No coronary reocclusion occurred in the APSAC group, as against 3 (1 early, 2 delayed) in the SK group. It is concluded that APSAC seems to be more effective than intravenous streptokinase; it is easier to administer (bolus injection) and does not carry a higher risk of haemorrhage.

Anistreplase↗
PubMed1989

[Prehospital fibrinolysis with rt-PA in acute myocardial infarction].

Thrombolytic therapy has been shown to be very effective in the acute phase of myocardial infarction and the benefits are greater if the treatment is initiated as soon as possible. In France, early treatment in the prehospital phase is possible through the SAMU, an emergency ambulance and care unit organisation. Between December 1987 and November 1988, 80 patients (73 men and 7 women) with an average age of 55 +/- 9 years were treated by rt-PA (100 mg i.v. in 90 minutes) for acute myocardial infarction within three and a half hours of the onset of symptoms. The average delay between the onset of pain and the administration of rt-PA was 126 +/- 43 minutes, which represents an estimated average time gain of 55 minutes compared with thrombolysis started after hospital admission. No haemorrhagic or allergic complications occurred during hospital transfer and there was no mortality. There were, however, two diagnostic errors. Thrombolysis was estimated to be effective on clinical, electrocardiographic and enzymatic criteria in 60 p. 100 of cases. Thirty early coronary angiographies (within 48 hours) showed that 83 p. 100 of the arteries thought to be responsible for the infarct were patent. Haemorrhage was a rare complication during the hospital phase and had a favourable outcome. Hospital mortality was 6 per cent. The low morbidity and the reliability of diagnosis indicate that prehospital thrombolysis is feasible in the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The immunization of adults against respiratory syncytial virus infection].

The results of the comparative study of the immunological effectiveness of experimental samples of respiratory syncytial (RS) viral vaccine, prepared from a live attenuated strain and introduced in a single administration to young adults by the intranasal, intradermal and combined intranasal-intradermal) routes, are presented. The effectiveness of intranasal immunization was inversely related to the level of previously existing humoral (serum, secretory) antibodies. Intradermal immunization enhanced the frequency of the formation of serum antibodies in persons having had such antibodies before the introduction of RS vaccine. The most active formation of serum and secretory antibodies was ensured by the combined (intranasal-intradermal) method of the administration of live RS vaccine which proved to be particularly effective in persons having had antibodies in the blood and secretions prior to immunization.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1989

Efficacy of a new needleless insulin delivery system monitoring of blood glucose fluctuations and free insulin levels.

A new insulin delivery system Vitajet has been invented which involves a high-pressure spring and obviates the use of needle injections. To study its efficacy we compared blood glucose fluctuations, integrated glycemia, free insulin and total free insulin concentrations in six insulin-dependent diabetics. After obtaining a steady state of carbohydrate metabolism overnight by feedback control through the artificial endocrine pancreas (AEP) Biostator, the patients received their usual morning and evening doses of insulin by either conventional injection or Vitajet in random order. Blood glucose levels were significantly lower after Vitajet than conventional injections (p less than 0.04) between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., but the difference disappeared from 4 p.m. onwards. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of glucose fluctuations were lower after Vitajet (28036 +/- 4655 vs 31086 +/- 2310 mg. min% mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.01). AUCs for free insulin concentrations (microU.min/ml) were close: 39286 +/- 4510 (Vitajet) vs 30597 +/- 3575 (conventional). It is concluded that Vitajet constitutes an efficient needleless route for administering insulin pulses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Role of methylprednisolone pulse therapy of nephroses in children].

Methylprednisolone (MP) pulse therapy (1 g/1.73 m2 x 3) has been used without side effects in 16 children with steroid dependent or resistant nephrosis. MP allowed a complete remission in 6 patients (group I: 37.5%), after a mean duration of 12 days; 2 of them experienced early relapse; the other patients had either a too short or no follow-up. One child was on partial remission (group II: 6%). The other patients were resistant to therapy (group III: 56%); 8 of them had a renal biopsy which showed focal glomerulosclerosis in 6 (75%). The authors point out that the main interest of methylprednisolone pulse therapy is to confirm steroid resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The immunogenic capacity of soluble "vaccinia" antigen (fractionated smallpox vaccine) administered simultaneously with inactivated typhoid vaccine and with purified and concentrated tetanus anatoxin].

In this study we have investigated the immune humoral response in the associated vaccination with smallpox, tetanus and typhoid fractionated vaccine (trivaccine) administered in two series at 1 month interval, by dermojet, in a group of young people of 18-20 years old. The results were comparatively estimated with those obtained in two groups of young people of the same age (control group), separately immunized with two components of the tri-vaccine: fractionated smallpox vaccine and tetanus toxoid, following-up the humoral response to the two vaccine components. It was find that, at the end of the surveillance period, similar results were obtained for the testing group and control group, the antibody titers (in geometric mean) presenting very close values: 1/1,140,463 for the testing group, and 1/1,053,583 for the control group against vaccinia component, and 1/1,86,880,586 for the testing group and 1/79,900,431 for the control group, against the tetanus component. The results obtained entitle us to propose this vaccination scheme for the vaccination practice.

Adolescent↗