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PubMed1986

Effect of estrogen (Premarin) replacement therapy on serum level of total estrogen and urinary excretion of calcium and hydroxyproline in postmenopausal Chinese women.

The study subjects included a total of 30 postmenopausal Chinese women, including 14 natural menopausal women, 13 castrated menopausal women and 3 post-irradiated menopausal women. Premarin 1.25 mg/day was given orally for 3 weeks and off one week, repeated for 6 cycles. Fasting morning urine and blood samples were collected before hormone treatment and at the end of 3 weeks, 11 weeks, and 23 weeks of Premarin therapy. Serum total estrogen level was measured by radioimmunoassay. Urinary calcium and creatinine were measured by atomic absorption and Jeffe's reaction, respectively. The concentration of urinary hydroxyproline was determined by Kivirikko's method. After Premarin therapy, the mean concentration of serum total estrogen increased 3 to 4 times from the pretreatment level of 71.7 pg/ml. On the other hand, the mean value of calcium/creatinine (Ca/Cr) molar ratio dropped down from 0.249 to 0.098. The mean value of hydroxyproline/creatinine (HOPr/Cr) molar ratio was reduced from 0.028 to 0.012. In view of the hormonal and biochemical changes after Premarin therapy, it is concluded that estrogen (Premarin) replacement should be effective in the treatment of enhanced bone loss or osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The relationship of estrogen and calcitonin in the regulation of bone metabolism is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Methods for the determination of hydroxyproline in clinical biochemistry].

In this paper, the different methodologies for the determination of hydroxyproline from biological fluids or tissue biopsies, are described. Thus, it is fitting to distinguish the methodologies requiring a chromatography before the revelation from the simplest methodologies with the colorimetric revelation of this amino acid in clinical biology; finally the two kinds of methodologies are different by their sensibility.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical significance of protein-bound hydroxyproline fractions in sera of patients with adult rheumatoid arthritis.

Clq levels in sera of adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were found to be significantly higher than corresponding levels of normal subjects (p less than 10(-3)) The increase in Clq observed in RA was not seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic polyarticular gouty arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Paget's disease of bone, or Hodgkin's disease. Clq levels were determined both chemically (calculated) from the protein-bound hydroxyproline content of the euglobulin fraction) and by radial immunodiffusion. Although the estimates of Clq by these 2 methods did not agree, the increase of Clq in RA was found by the use of either method.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Parallel studies on collagen hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine in human skin biopsies.

Studies on hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, the two amino acids characteristic of collagen and related glycoproteins, were undertaken on biopsies of pathologic and clinically normal human skin. No statistically significant differences between clinically normal skin of mamma, thorax, axilla, femur, hip and sacral area were found. A decreased collagen content was seen in chronic pemphigus (bullous pemphigoid), amyloidosis, scleromyxedema and the edge of a leg ulcer. Determination of both amino acids is considered necessary to characterize alterations of collagen.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Evidence for a repeating 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine- and hydroxyproline-containing decapeptide in the adhesive protein of the mussel, Mytilus edulis L.

Previous work has shown that the permanent adhesive of the marine mussel Mytilus edulis is a protein containing large amounts of hydroxyproline (13%) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa, 11%). The protein also known as the polyphenolic protein is produced and stored in the exocrine phenol gland of the mussel and deposited onto marine surfaces by the animal's foot during the formation of new adhesive plaques. The adhesive protein has been purified by a combination of ion exchange on sulfonylpropyl-Sephadex and gel filtration on low surface energy chromatographic media. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the protein at acidic pH shows it to consist of two components having a molecular weight of about 130,000. Treatment of the protein with clostridial collagenase reduced the molecular weight by less than 10%. The collagenase-resistant fragment contains most or all of the Hyp and Dopa. Trypsin treatment of the polyphenolic protein results in extensive degradation. The major tryptic peptide (80%) contains 10 amino acids including Hyp and Dopa and was shown by sequence analysis to be H2N-Ala-Lys-Pro-Ser-Tyr-Hyp-Hyp-Thr-Dopa-Lys-COOH. Calculations suggest that this and related sequences may be repeated as often as 75 times in the polyphenolic protein.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine levels in viral hepatitis.

High serum levels of total hydroxyproline (Hyp) and hydroxylysine (Hyl) in patients with acute viral hepatitis were found to be due to a marked increase of the peptide-bound form of these aminoacids. The concentrations of free Hyp and Hyl were only slightly changed. The levels of serum Hyp and Hyl were higher in patients with bilirubin concentration, and decreased during recovery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Free and bound hydroxyproline in patients with diabetes mellitus].

Collagen metabolism was studied in 120 male patients with diabetes mellitus of different standing and severity. Collagen metabolism was assessed on the basis of free and peptide-bound blood hydroxyproline (FH and PBH). Collagen distruction prevailed over its biosynthesis in development and progress of diabetic microangiopathies, that resulted in the increased FH/PBH coefficient. Prolonged multimodality therapy of diabetes vascular complications led to a decrease in the FH level and simultaneous growth of PBH concentrations in the blood. The FH/PBH coefficient is an informative test for monitoring the vascular status in diabetes mellitus; this coefficient may be an indicator of the efficacy of treatment of diabetic microangiopathies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

An improved method for analysis of urinary hydroxyproline by an automated analyzer.

An improved method of analysis has been devised for estimating the amount of hydroxyproline excreted into the urine. This study has been performed to overcome the difficulties accompaning mass-examinations which are indispensable in epidimiological studies. Urine samples are pretreated with a resin-charcoal mixture for elimination of interfering substances or color inhibitions, and the supernatant is treated by evaporation to avoid complications followed by pH adjustment. The residue is reconstituted with diluted HCL. After pretreatment, samples a analyzed with an automated analyzer. Linearity of standard calibration curve, and recovery and reproducibility of this assay are satisfactory. This simple procedure of analysis requires little time. This method is also useful for routine clinical examinations.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1983

Total, dialyzable, and nondialyzable postabsorptive hydroxyproline. Values in patients with cancer.

The postabsorptive urinary total (T), dialyzable (D), and nondialyzable (ND) hydroxyproline (HYPRO) tests were evaluated to determine whether the patterns of excretion varied according to the predominance of osteoblastic v osteolytic bone involvement in 58 patients with neoplastic disease. In patients with osteolytic lesions from multiple myeloma, elevated T and D levels with normal ND HYPRO values were observed, along with elevated D/ND ratios. In prostate cancer, the T, D, and ND values were all elevated and the D/ND ratio was normal. Patients with Hodgkin's disease had elevated T, D, and ND HYPRO levels, and the D/ND ratio was in the range of patients with prostate cancer. The data suggest that these collagen markers may be useful in the long-term evaluation of these neoplasms in patients.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Collagen content of the thyroid tissue and/urinary hydroxyproline in various forms of goiter].

Chemical composition of the thyroid tissue, removed by surgery, was studied in 72 patients with goiter. Thyrotoxicosis of different severity was found out in 42 and euthyrosis in 30 subjects. The water and dry residue contents, the amounts of extracted and insoluble tissue, collagen level in the thyroid normal tissue and that of different goiter forms were detected. The urine hydroxyproline concentration was determined before surgery. The study of the thyroid tissue chemical composition in modular euthyroid and diffuse toxic goiter has shown a fall in the dry residue and collagen contents, a rise in the water and insoluble tissue levels, an enhancement of the soluble to insoluble tissue ration in comparison with the control. Hyperoxyprolinuria, most pronounced in severe thyrotoxicosis, was seen in patients with various goiter forms versus healthy subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Sensitivity of N-nitrosomethylurea-induced rat mammary tumors to cis-hydroxyproline, an inhibitor of collagen production.

The growth of primary N-nitrosomethylurea-induced rat mammary tumors was depressed by cis-hydroxyproline (CHP). This growth arrest appeared to be related to the ability of CHP to inhibit the deposition of basement membrane collagen as based on the following observations: (a) in vitro and in vivo, tumor cells synthesized type IV collagen, the collagen uniquely localized in basement membranes; (b) in vitro, the inhibition of tumor cell growth was preceded by a specific decrease in collagen accumulation with no effect on non-collagen protein synthesis; (c) a transplantable N-nitrosomethylurea-induced rat mammary tumor accumulated no type IV collagen as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and indirect immunofluorescence. The growth of this tumor was not influenced by CHP; (d) an established human mammary tumor cell line, MCF-7, did not accumulate type IV collagen and was not inhibited by CHP. At the doses which effectively blocked the growth of primary N-nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary tumors, CHP and no toxic effects, and serum prolactin levels were not altered. The inhibitory effect was thus apparently due to the direct action of CHP upon the accumulation of collagen in cells which required type IV collagen production for continued growth.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glycosaminoglycans and hydroxyproline in the urine of men exposed for 35-40 minutes to a simulated altitude of 5000m (540 hPa).

Total urine portions were collected from 31 pilots and candidates for pilots before hypobarism, during 35-40 minutes of hypobarism at a simulated altitude of 5000 m (540 hPa) and following hypobarism. The measured volume of urine portions and amounts of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and hydroxyproline (Hp) were calculated in 30-minute periods before the test, during hypobaric test and following this test. The average urine volume during hypobarism and average amounts of GAG and Hp in the urine collected during this period were found to be significantly increased in comparison with similar quantities before hypobarism. After the hypobarism the average urine volume was still augmented, whereas the average amount of Hp was lower than before hypobarism. During hypobarism the volume of urine and the amount of GAG and Hp were significantly positively correlated.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glycosaminoglycans and hydroxyproline in urine of rats exposed to simulated altitude of 725 hPa.

Adult male rats were individually accustomed to experimental conditions in 16X16X30 cm polymethacrylate chambers. Each of 12 rats was twice subjected during 5 hrs or 5 1/2 hrs to hypobarism at a simulated altitude of 3000 m (725 Hpa). The amounts of total glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and hydroxyproline (Hp) were determined in urine portions collected during the period of hypobaric exposure and during the remaining part of the day. Transient shock-like symptoms with high excitement and seizures occurred in 2 of 12 rats during reduction of air pressure for the first time and a significant augmentation of urinary GAG output was found in both rats during this hypobaric period. The remaining rats showed only slight dysbaric signs in the tympanic cavity during ascending to simulated altitude and return to environmental air pressure in the hypobaric chamber. These animals excreted lower amounts of GAG during the hypobaric periods and higher amounts of Hp during the next days after hypobarism.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

Postabsorptive urinary hydroxyproline test in patients with metastatic bone disease from breast cancer.

Postabsorptive urine hydroxyproline (HYPRO) excretion ("spot" HYPRO test) was compared with the 24-hour urine excretion of HYPRO in 45 patients with breast cancer and nine normal subjects on a low-gelatin diet. A good correlation was observed between the results of these two tests in both groups. Patients with skeletal metastasis showed a higher spot HYPRO value than those without bone involvement and the number of lesions by bone scanning correlated with the values of spot HYPRO. In 20 of 22 patients with bone metastasis followed up for three to 19 months, spot HYPRO values correlated well with the evolution of bone disease. We conclude that the spot HYPRO test is a simple, inexpensive, and accurate method for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with skeletal metastasis from breast cancer.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Structural alterations within N-nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary tumors after in vivo treatment with cis-hydroxyproline.

N-Nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary tumors in Buffalo rats were examined ultrastructurally and compared with tumors from rats treated in vivo for 9 days with cis-hydroxyproline (CHP). The tumors from untreated animals were heterogeneous histologically but often had their cells arranged in clusters called pseudolobules. At the periphery of the pseudolobules in control tumors, a few myoepithelial cells showed evidence of basal lamina secretion. Outlining the pseudolobules were many mast cells. Treatment with CHP inhibited the growth of the tumors. It increased the extent of atrophy and regression and also induced cyst-like areas to form within the pseudolobules. These "pseudocysts" were actually part of the stromal compartment and they sometimes contained multilayered basal lamina and mast cells. The extensive multilayering of the basal lamina observed after CHP-treatment was thought to arise from extensive infoldings as the pseudolobules "shrank" due to atrophy and loss of cells. The multilayering and cell debris disappeared from the pseudocysts, leaving many spaces bounded by myoepithelial cells. The remaining myoepithelial cells appeared atrophied, but often had an expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum. We did not observe evidence of basal lamina secretion by cells in treated tumors, which correlates with CHP's ability to block type IV collagen production.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Fasting urinary excretion of calcium, phosphorus and hydroxyproline in relation to creatinine. Normal values and correlations with 24-hour urine values (author's transl)].

The ratios to creatinine of calcium (Ca/Cr), phosphorus (P/Cr) and hydroxyproline (HOP/Cr) were determined in samples of urine collected during a 2-hour period in fasting subjects. Normal values (mean +/- s.d.) of Ca/Cr (0.134 +/- 0.067), P/Cr (0.048 +/- 0.15) and HOP/Cr (0,017 +/- 0,007) obtained in 50 healthy subjects were in agreement with those previously reported by Nordin. The 2-hour urine collection is technically simpler than the conventional 24-hour urine collection, does not expose to the errors inherent in minuted urine collection and provides more information on bone diseases.

Bone Diseases, Metabolic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of bioflavonoids on the urinary excretion of hydroxyproline, hydroxylysyl glycosides and hexosamine in adjuvant arthritis.

The effects of (+)--Catechin (AC) and 0--(beta hydroxyethyl) rutosides (HR) on the urinary collagen metabolites were studied up to 49 days in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. The elevated levels of urinary total, non-dialysable and dialysable hydroxyproline, hydroxylysyl glycosides and total hexosamine in the arthritic animals were found to be slightly decreased in the acute phase and significantly decreased in the chronic phase of the disease due to the administration of bioflavonoids. Of the two bioflavonoids tests, CA was found to afford more protective action than HR.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Urinary hydroxyproline in advanced breast carcinoma and response to treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) in high doses].

The Authors have studied total urinary hydroxyproline (TUH), together with other hematochemical analyses, in 104 patients suffering from advanced breast cancer with or without bone metastases. TUH escretion is higher in patients with osseous lesions and, if simultaneous pathologic values of TUH and serum alcaline phosphatase occur, the presence of bone metastases is statistically even more probable. Moreover TUH seems to vary in accordance with the clinical response of the disease at osseous level in 46 patients treated with Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) at high doses, showing itself as a possible marker of not negligible clinical value.

Adult↗