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PubMedDate not supplied

[Interference of hemolysis on haptoglobin determined by kinetic immunonephelometry and comparison between phenotypes].

The aim of the study was to check if a slight and non visible hemolysis to naked eye such as that induced by blood coagulation could interfere in the immunonephelometric measurement of haptoglobin, and if this interference was dependent on the protein phenotype. Results confirmed that blood coagulation induced a non visible hemolysis whose intensity markedly varied from one specimen to another. Under our conditions (kinetic measurement with a Beckman Coulter immunonephelometer), we observed with the sera a negative interference linked to the hemolysis induced by blood coagulation when compared to corresponding plasmas obtained with lithium heparinate (p < 0,005). It was checked also that this anticoagulant did not induce a positive interference. Hemolysis interference was not found phenotype dependent. These results lead us to recommend to perform haptoglobin measurements on heparinised plasmas.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Identification of a haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex in the Alaskan Least Cisco (Coregonus sardinella).

The hemoglobin and a hemoglobin binding protein have been characterized in the Arctic fish (Coregonus sardinella). The evolutionary significance of the hemoglobin and plasma protein differences between fish and mammals is still unresolved. Blood samples from the Alaskan Least Cisco were separated into plasma and hemoglobin fractions and the proteins in these fractions were analyzed both by alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis, by isolelectric focusing, and by capillary electrophoresis. Staining the plasma proteins gels with o-dianisidine revealed hemoglobin containing protein complexes. A hemoglobin-containing band was observed in hemolyzed plasma which did not migrate with free hemoglobin, and is believed to be hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex. Size exclusion chromatography further characterized the hemoglobin as disassociating freely into dimers, and hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex having a molecular weight greater then 200,000 daltons.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Interaction between haptoglobin subtypes and AB0 blood groups in a Bengalee population.

Blood samples from 621 individuals of a Caste Hindu Population from West Bengal (India) were investigated in an attempt to find out an association between the AB0 blood groups and Haptoglobin (HP) subtypes. AB0 blood grouping was done on the basis of the agglutination test with standard anti-sera. Haptoglobin subtyping only for the HP*1 allele was done by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE). A significant association was found with a significantly lower HP*1S allele frequency in blood group 0 versus other AB0 blood groups. A comparatively higher allele frequency of HP*1S was found in this population sample. An inverse relationship between HP*1S and HP*2 has been revealed in each blood group. It appears that the major portion of HP*1 alleles in the A, B, and AB blood groups belongs to the HP*1S allele compared to that of the 0 blood group.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic polymorphisms of angiotensin-I converting enzyme, haptoglobin and angiotensinogen and oxidative stress parameters in 12 to 15-year-old adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D, haptoglobin (Hp) 1/2 and angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T gene polymorphisms have been associated with the risk of various cardiovascular conditions. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species have also been implicated in endothelial injury. In a randomly selected sample of healthy adolescents, we studied the relationship between these genetic polymorphisms and somatic characteristics, blood pressure and certain biochemical markers of oxidative stress. METHODS: A sample of 49 healthy adolescents were genotyped for ACE I/D, Hp 1/2 and AGT M235T polymorphisms. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and lipid profile were evaluated using internationally recommended methods. Serum ACE activity and oxidative stress markers were determined either by spectrophotometric methods or with commercially available kits. RESULTS: Males had higher values for ACE activity than females (p < 0.01). The haptoglobin Hp allele 1 and the ACE D allele were associated with higher ACE activity (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). ACE activity was similar between AGT genotypes. Higher levels of MDA-LDL/Apo B were observed in individuals with both ACE DD and Hp 2-2 genotypes. Carriers of the AGT TT genotype showed higher diastolic blood pressures than other AGT genotypes. CONCLUSION: Carriers of both ACE DD and Hp 2-2 genotypes have a higher pro-oxidant status and AGT TT carriers have higher diastolic blood pressures, which may indicate a higher risk for development of hypertension in these individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polymorphism of haptoglobin, transferrin and third component of complement in subpopulations of Han ethnic group.

The genetic polymorphisms of haptoglobin, transferrin and third component of complement were investigated by electrophoretic techniques in six subgroups (Harbin, Xi'an, Chengdu, Guiyang, Zhangzhou and Lanzhou) of the Han ethnic group in China. For haptoglobin, HP*1 frequency shows a descending tendency from the South to the North in the Han ethnic group. Among the transferrin alleles, Dchi shows an increasing frequency from the North to the South. For the third component of complement, S allele is absolutely preponderant.

Asian People↗
PubMed1990

[Identification of haptoglobin as an endogenous inhibitor of prostaglandin H synthetase in the cytosol of sheep vesicular gland cells].

It was shown that sheep vesicular gland cytosol inhibits the peroxidase activity of prostaglandin H synthetase (PGHS). The degree of enzyme inactivation depends on cytosol concentration and incubation time. It was found that cytosol contains a glycoprotein, haptoglobin, which is one of the cytosolic basic components responsible for its ability to inhibit PGHS. Haptoglobin is supposed to participate in endogenous regulation of the PGHS activity in sheep vesicular glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The role of genetically determined haptoglobin phenotypes in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

Haptoglobin (Hp) was phenotyped in 567 apparently healthy individuals and 223 patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis, including 163 as newly-detected and 60 as recurrent cases. Three phenotypes of haptoglobin were identified, i.e. two homozygotic (Hp 1:1 and Hp 2:2) and one heterozygotic (Hp 2:1). It was revealed that among the pulmonary tuberculosis patients, both newly detected and recurrent cases, the number of Hp 2:2 carriers significantly increased, as compared to healthy individuals, while that of Ph 2:1 carriers decreased. A certain relation between the course of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis and genetically determined types of Hp was found. Sputum conversion and cavity closure in Hp 2:2 and Hp 1:1 phenotype carriers, as compared to Hp 2:1 ones, occurred more infrequently and in later periods. It is felt that the presence of the 2:2 phenotype is an adverse hereditary factor in relation to tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Genetic variants of haptoglobin in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

Haptoglobin (Hb) phenotyping was carried out in 143 patients with tuberculosis and 221 practically healthy persons. Three phenotypes were distinguished: two homozygotic Hp. 1:1 and Hp. 2:2 and one heterozygotic Hp. 2:1. An analysis of the frequency of distribution of the above-mentioned phenotypes indicates that patients with tuberculosis as compared with the healthy showed a significant reduction of the number of Hp. 2:1 carriers while the number of Hp. 2:2 increased. There was a definite dependence between the haptoglobin phenotype and course of the disease. In carriers of the Hp. 2:1 abacillation of the sputum and closure of destructions occurred earlier than in carriers of Hp 1:1 and, in particular, Hp. 2:2.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Retinol-binding protein, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin--tumor markers in colorectal cancer?].

Retinol-binding protein, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin were determined in the plasma of patients with colorectal carcinoma. The comparison with a control group shows that retinol-binding is significantly decreased in colorectal carcinoma and that haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin are significantly elevated. The ROC-curves of the three parameters, however, display a sensitivity distinctly lower than that of CEA, so that any use in the clinical treatment of colorectal carcinoma cannot be expected from the determination of these substances.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Acute phase response of sheep: changes in the concentrations of ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, haptoglobin and the major blood cell types associated with pulmonary damage.

The concentrations of plasma ceruloplasmin, plasma fibrinogen, serum haptoglobin and the major cell types in blood together with liveweight changes were monitored during the acute phase response in sheep. Five control sheep, five sheep that underwent sham bronchial obstruction, and five sheep that developed pneumonia after bronchial obstruction were examined. Blood samples were taken and liveweights were recorded from four to six days before until 14 days after the surgical operations (sham and bronchial obstruction). The operations led to an acute phase response in the sheep and the development of pneumonia increased and sustained the response or led to a secondary response. Statistically significant changes observed in the blood of the sheep during the acute phase response included increased concentrations of plasma ceruloplasmin and plasma fibrinogen, depression of erythrocyte numbers and elevation of neutrophil numbers (means on day of maximum change as percentage of pretreatment values; 250 per cent, 400 per cent, 80 per cent and 200 per cent, respectively). Serum haptoglobin showed a pronounced and significant increase in concentration (over 6000 per cent of pretreatment values in some sheep). All three groups of sheep showed significant depression of liveweight after overnight confinement in the surgery but this was sustained for the period of the experiment only in the bronchial obstruction group. The results indicated that measurement of the concentrations of the three plasma proteins may be more useful in the diagnosis of tissue injury and infectious disease than the number of circulating neutrophils in sheep.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1989

[Serum levels of acid alpha 1-glycoprotein, haptoglobin, C 3c component of the complement and immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM in liver damage in patients with chronic renal failure treated by repeated hemodialysis].

Thirty-five patients with chronic renal failure treated with repeated haemodialyses were divided into 3 groups: without evidence of hepatocellular damage (n = 11), with HBs-negative hepatocellular damage (n = 13), with HBS-positive, HBe-positive hepatocellular damage (n = 10). The concentrations of acid alpha 1-glycoprotein, haptoglobin, C3c complement component, IgG, IgA, IgM were determined in the serum before haemodialysis. The serum concentration of acid alpha 1-glycoprotein was statistically significantly higher in the patients in comparison with the healthy subjects. The concentrations of haptoglobin and C3c complement component in the serum were not statistically significantly different form those in healthy controls. The serum levels of IgG, IgA and IgM in patients with hepatocellular damage HBs-positive and HBe-positive were statistically significantly higher in relation to healthy subjects, the serum IgG level in this group was statistically significantly higher than in the group without hepatocellular damage and the group with HBs-negative hepatocellular damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Significance of the genetics of haptoglobin types in the demarcation of subgroups of juvenile chronic arthritis].

According to the at present valid definition and due to its different clinical subgroups as well as to the different therapeutic influencibility and prognosis the juvenile chronic arthritis represents a very heterogeneous feature of a disease. Systems of genetic markers increasingly obtain importance for the exact clinical specification of the juvenile chronic arthritis. The investigations described in this paper show a significant correlation of the genetically determined haptoglobin variants to the subgroups of the juvenile chronic arthritis. By means of the careful nosological differentiation which goes beyond the usual principles of subdivision the type of haptoglobin gives a diagnostic enrichment in the assessment of the juvenile chronic arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Haptoglobin typing in abortion in the 1st trimester].

The type of haptoglobin was examined in 239 women suffering from hemorrhage in early pregnancy. The distribution of Hp-types in the different forms of abortion was compared with a reference group. A provable significant deviation in distribution of Hp-types could be traced in case of incomplete abortion. The immunological lower reaction capacity in haptoglobin type 1-1 has been discussed.

Abortion, Incomplete↗
PubMed1986

Effect of inhibition of carbohydrate-mediated endocytosis on catabolism of equine haptoglobin and its complex with haemoglobin in hen.

Equine haptoglobin (Hp) and haptoglobin-haemoglobin complex (Hp-Hb) are metabolised in the hen parenchymal cells of the liver in which endocytosis was inhibited by agalacto-orosomucoid (AGOR) or native orosomucoid (OR). The intravenous administration of AGOR or OR together with [125I]Hp slightly decreased clearance of Hp from circulation. This suggested that heterologous Hp could be catabolised by the alternative pathway following the uptake by the liver RES cells. Administration of the [125I]Hp-Hb complex and AGOR was of no effect on the clearance of the Hp-Hb complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Adaptation of the guaiacol (peroxidase) test for haptoglobins to a microtitration plate system.

The optimal operational method was determined for performance of an adapted guaiacol test in microtitration ELISA plates for quantitative detection of haptoglobins in sheep serum. The test correlated well with assay on Sephadex G100 but was more sensitive, though with lowered reproducibility, at low levels of haptoglobin. The modified test permits both rapid testing of large numbers of samples and the calculation of results using a simple computer program.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Properties of the interspecies hybrids between haptoglobin alpha and beta subunits.

1. Subunits alpha isolated from human haptoglobin were recombined with beta subunits of equine haptoglobin, and vice versa. Both hybrid proteins were separated on electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel into four bands with mobilities corresponding to tetramers 2alpha.2beta, trimers 2alpha.beta, and dimers alpha.beta, in addition to free subunits beta. 2. The binding ability of haemoglobin and the antigenic specificity of tetramers depended on the origin of beta subunit. 3. Reduction of native and hybrid proteins with 2-mercaptoethanol led to gradual formation of alpha.beta, alpha, and beta; the components 2alpha.beta and 2alpha appeared in trace amounts.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Nucleotide sequence of rat haptoglobin cDNA. Characterization of the alpha beta-subunit junction region of prohaptoglobin.

The biosynthesis of rat haptoglobin, a hetrotetrameric glycoprotein (alpha 2 beta 2), requires the post-translational cleavage of its glycosylated primary translation product (prohaptoglobin) into alpha- and beta-subunits (Hanley, J. M., Haugen, T. H., and Heath, E. C. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 7858-7869). To elucidate the site(s) at which proteolytic cleavage occurs in prohaptoglobin, we have isolated a recombinant plasmid whose cDNA insert encodes for the carboxyl terminus of the alpha-subunit, the alpha beta-subunit junction, and the beta-subunit region, and also the entire 3'-untranslated region (142 base pairs) and poly(A) tail (55 base pairs) of the mRNA. A single arginine residue was found at the alpha beta-subunit junction region -Val-Gln-Arg-Ile-Ile-Gly-Gly-of prohaptoglobin. The sequence homology of this region with serine protease precursors suggests that post-translational processing of prohaptoglobin involves cleavage of the Arg-Ile bond and extraction of the Arg residue. The rat beta-subunit shows a high degree (approximately 80%) of sequence homology with its human counterpart although it possesses only two of the four N-glycosylation sites present in human haptoglobin beta-subunit.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Haptoglobin and copper in adjuvant arthritis during the ibuprofen therapy.

Anti-inflammatory effect of ibuprofen was studied on the model of adjuvant arthritis. Its effectiveness was evaluated on the basis of morphological and biochemical indices. The values of haptoglobin and copper in the blood serum were shown to well correlate to clinical exacerbation of adjuvant disease. Haptoglobin appeared to be the index of particular value.

Animals↗