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PubMedDate not supplied

[Genetically determined gout: characteristics of the course].

Analysis of clinical-roentgen-laboratory features of the course of hereditarily determined gout in 74 patients is represented. It is exhibited that hereditarily induced gout begins at the young age and is accompanied by the acute disturbance of purine exchange resulting in serious relapsing course of the articular (with availability of radiological attributes of osteal destruction) and the renal syndromes (urate nephrolithiasis, immune complex glomerulonephritis, tubulointerstitional nephritis) as well as in the early occurrence and rapidly progressing chronic renal insufficiency. The disease is accompanied by high frequency of the cardiovascular pathologies negatively influencing the mean lifetime of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Septic polyarthritis in chronic tophaceous gout.

This paper reports the case of a 48 year old patient with chronic tophaceous gout who was admitted to the hospital with a pneumococcal polyarthritis affecting the same joints previously involved by gout attacks. The authors emphasize that the possibility of a septic arthritis should always be considered in the gouty patient, and not only in the elderly, as stressed in the literature, but also in younger patients.

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chondrocalcinosis in gout].

Problems of pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of gout and chondrocalcinosis in which deposits of uric acid salts and calcium are found in the articular tissue are of primary importance in modern rheumatology. The authors give observations of 10 out of 218 patients with primary gout in whom roentgenology had revealed signs of calcium salt deposits in the joints and periarticular tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The misdiagnosis of gout and hyperuricemia.

Of 9,108 consecutive new patients seen in an outpatient rheumatology clinic, 155 (1.7%) were diagnosed as having gout. But 164 (1.8%) had been incorrectly diagnosed as having gout in the community. Misdiagnosis was more likely in those with psoriatic arthritis (odds ratio 3.841, 1.944-7.590) and pseudogout (odds ratio 4.152, 2.422-7.119) and less common in patients with nonspecific arthralgias (odds ratio 0.536, 0.326-0.881). Seventy-six percent of incorrectly diagnosed patients received allopurinol while slightly more than 15% were treated with uricosuric agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Renal function predicts colchicine toxicity: guidelines for the prophylactic use of colchicine in gout.

In order to establish the degree of renal malfunction necessary for colchicine toxicity in patients receiving it daily for the prevention of recurrent acute gout, we obtained serum creatinine levels and measured or estimated creatinine clearances in a consecutive series of 17 patients with demonstrated colchicine myotoxicity. An estimate of creatinine clearance, based on ideal body weight and age, was nearly always 50 ml/min or less, and was the most practical predictor of the risk of toxicity. By comparison, patients with gout from the same clinical data base, but without myotoxicity, had normal renal function. The data yield clear guidelines for safe use of colchicine chronically.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Corot's 'gout' and a 'gipsy' girl.

Representations of rheumatic disease in art provide insight into artistic expression, help us understand the evolution and perhaps the etiology of rheumatic diseases, and remind us of great contributions by artists in adverse circumstances. We noted hand deformities characteristic of inflammatory arthritis in Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot's Gipsy Girl With Mandolin (1870 to 1875), National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Corot suffered with what probably was gout beginning in 1866. We are unaware that arthritis has been observed in Corot's subjects or that Corot's depiction of arthritis has been appreciated from the perspective of his own rheumatic disease. Examination of other Corot portraits identifies some with blurred hand details consistent with the artist's style and the remainder with normal hands. These observations suggest that the artist portrayed specific anatomic abnormalities in the "Gipsy Girl's" hand, indicating familiarity with inflammatory arthritis. It is speculative whether this was Corot's own or the model's arthritis; we favor the interpretation that Corot's gout was reflected in this particular work. We thus add a new perspective to Corot's Gipsy Girl With Mandolin-a subject with arthritis, a painter knowledgeable about arthritis, and a painting that therefore might be understood at least in part from an appreciation of the artist's specific illness.

Art↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase anomalies in 2 cases of gout beginning at an early age].

On the basis of a study of the action of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase (EC 2.7.6.1.) in 22 hyperuricemic and 9 normal subjects, the authors report two cases of gout with anomalies of the kinetics of this enzyme. The anomaly consists of an increase in affinity for inorganic phosphate (iP) in the absence of inhibitors, and a decrease in inhibition by low concentrations of ADP in the presence of iP. These patients show no other anomaly of intraerythrocyte PRPP (dosage and production "in vitro"), hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl-transferase and APRTase (overall activity and apparent Km). These two cases of gout are characterized clinically by their early occurrence, appearing in one case in a pre-menopausal woman, their family character and their normal sensitivity to allopurinol.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1990

Radiographic features of gout.

Hyperuricemia is the hallmark of gout. Deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints and periarticular soft tissues can lead to arthritic changes. Radiographic features include periarticular soft tissue swelling, "punched-out" bony erosions and joint space narrowing. Although gout has a predilection for the first metatarsophalangeal joint, it may also affect the feet, hands, wrists, elbows and knees.

Finger Joint↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of uric acid and oxypurines in normal subjects and in gout patients].

The behavior of plasma and urine oxypurines (hypoxanthine and xanthine) and of uric acid has been studied in normal subjects and in gout patients. Oxypurines and uric acid were increased in the plasma of gout patients but only the urinary excretion of hypoxanthine was higher in this group. The interpretation of the observed variations is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clearance of oxypurines in normal subjects and in gout patients subjected to a purine-free diet. Effects of allopurinol].

The clearance of uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine has been examined in gout patients and in normal subjects compared to creatinine, after a purine-free diet. The treatment decreased the clearance in normal subjects, but showed an opposite effect in gout patients. The clearances both of uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine were enhanced by allopurinol. The interpretation of the observed variations is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia among the workers of a meat-packing plant complex].

An attempt was made to study the incidence of gout and hyperuricemia among the workers of the Moscow meat-packing plant exposed to high food purine loads. Using extensive clinical material (535 men and 1121 women) the authors established that gout was diagnosed 33 times more often in men of this plant than in the muscular population of other towns of the country. Moderate hyperuricemia was revealed in every second of the examinees. Marked hyperuricemia was noted 1.8 times more often, it being 3.4 times more often in men working at this plant as compared to the whole muscular population of the country. There was a direct dependence of the level of hyperuricemia in men working in this industry on their service record. The levels of moderate hyperuricemia in all groups of men and in some groups of women directly depended on the amount of daily purine loads. Marked hyperuricemia among the examined men is a factor of risk in the development of load and among the examined women an indicator of risk (i. e. warning) of possible metabolic changes which require an adequate dietetic and therapeutic correction.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

The "switch-off" mechanism of spontaneous resolution of acute gout attack.

Urate crystal size change and the modification of coated proteins by oxygen radicals released by stimulated polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) could represent a likely "switch-off" mechanism of the spontaneous resolution of acute gout attack. The absorption spectra and the uric acid, allantoin and urea concentrations were determined before and after in vitro exposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals to superoxide anion (O2) photochemically generated. The results showed a complete dissolution of MSU crystals after incubation under O2-, with decrease of uric acid and increase of allantoin and urea concentrations. Our results were confirmed by polarizing, electron microscopy and calorimetric techniques. The results obtained seem to confirm that the spontaneous resolution of acute gout attack could be attributed to the dissolving effect on urate crystals and the modification of coated proteins by O2- released by phagocytizing PMN.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1978

[Interrelationship between purine, carbohydrate, lipid and aminoacid metabolism, in hyperuricaemia and gout (author's transl)].

The AA, have studied the literature concerning the interrelationship between purine, carbohydrate, lipid and aminoacid metabolism, in hyperuricaemia and gout. The behaviour of uricaemia and purine metabolism in the glycogen storage disease type I, in the glutathione reductase variant, after ethanol ingestion, after fructose load, the levels of lipoproteins and triglycerides in gouty patients and the reason for their increase, have been taken into special consideration. The AA. underline the evidence that gout and hyperuricaemia are metabolic defects which are not limited to purine biosynthesis, but involve also other sections of metabolism. Only some of these alterations are known; this interrelationship must be further investigated from a biochemical and genetic point of view.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of nitrogen metabolism in chickens with gout].

It is shown that the intensity of ammonium genesis, purines biosynthesis and redox processes increases in the organism of chicken with visceral gout. Sodium bicarbonate-correction of the acid-alkaline state of chickens is performed in order to normalize disturbances observed under gout.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1988

Gout: how presentation, diagnosis, and treatment differ in the elderly.

Although frequently a typical acute monoarticular arthritis, gout in the elderly is often a chronic, polyarticular disease, sometimes with minimal inflammation. It can be associated with osteoarthritis and diuretic therapy, can follow minor trauma or medical illness, and is seen commonly in women. The management of gout in the elderly requires special consideration of the expected course of the disease and of the risks of medical therapy.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1988

Concomitant gout and rheumatoid arthritis.

The coexistence of gout and rheumatoid arthritis is described in a patient who was followed for 7 years before the association was established. This is the 4th non-Caucasian patient recorded in the literature. He was HLA-DR4 positive, and no data suggestive of a predisposition to gout were found. Interestingly, during followup rheumatoid and gouty phases alternated, without simultaneous manifestations of both diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic features of gout in the foot.

The radiographic findings associated with gout have been widely reported since their initial description by Huber in 1896 (1). This review will describe the characteristic alterations associated with involvement of the foot by gout, as well as several less common manifestations of the disease at this site. Brief consideration is also given to the radiographic differential diagnosis of gouty arthritis affecting the foot.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1988

[Hyperuricemia as a risk factor of nephropathy in gout].

Among 196 patients with primary gout examined in hospital or earlier stable or transient hyperuricemia was noted in 160 (81.6%). These patients were entered into the study group. The control group included 36 persons in whom the level of blood uric acid did not exceed normal values. The familial pattern of disease was established in the patients of the study group. Urolithic, proteinuric and hypertensive types of nephropathy as well as chronic renal insufficiency were more frequently observed in hyperuricemia patients. Alongside with severe tubular, interstitial and vascular changes, glomeruli in the form of mesangioproliferative or mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis were regularly involved in the pathological process. In the rest of the patients vascular lesions were less marked and less frequent, renal glomerular changes reminded the picture of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis only; urolithiasis in them took a more favorable course. Thus, a high level of blood uric acid is one of the risk factors of renal affection in gout determining in many ways prognosis of disease.

Adult↗