Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “FINGERPRINTS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Assessment of genomic damage in colorectal cancer by DNA fingerprinting: prognostic applications.

PURPOSE: Here we evaluate the prognostic significance of the relative value of genomic damage assessed by DNA fingerprinting in colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-three tumor and paired normal mucosa samples were included in the study. Genomic damage was assessed by comparative analysis of paired normal and tumor tissue DNA fingerprints by the arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR). Decreases and increases of intensity in bands were computed and referred to the total number of visualized bands per case. An index reflecting the genomic damage fraction (GDF), with separated values for losses and gains, was obtained for each tumor. This index was used to determine molecular and clinicopathologic correlates after exclusion of eight cases displaying microsatellite instability. RESULTS: Fifty-five cases were considered for the statistical analysis. The average fraction of altered bands per tumor was 0.287+/-0.121. When losses and gains were computed separately, the average fraction of changes was 0.126+/-0.113 and 0.161+/-0.120, respectively. Tumors lacking a ras mutation showed an increased GDF, primarily because of a higher fraction of gains. Tumors that were at advanced Dukes' stages and that were poorly differentiated also displayed a higher GDF. Finally, disease-free survival was significantly diminished in tumors with a GDF greater than 0.314 (P < .001). The prognostic significance of the GDF was independent of Dukes' stage (Cox multivariate analysis, P = .005). CONCLUSION: The degree of genomic damage assessed by unbiased DNA fingerprinting correlates with genotypic, phenotypic, and clinical variables in colorectal carcinoma and may be useful in assessing prognosis in colorectal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

DNA fingerprints provide a patient-specific breast cancer marker.

BACKGROUND: Detection of systemic breast cancer recurrence is limited by lack of universally expressed tumor cell markers. We hypothesized that a test that detects genetic alterations specific to breast cancer cells of an individual patient would provide a superior cancer marker. METHODS: DNA was extracted from blood, primary tumor, and axillary lymph nodes of 33 breast cancer patients and normal breast tissue of 12 control patients. A patient's genome was scanned by PCR amplification between Alu sequences. A DNA fingerprint of approximately 17-40 bands was produced for comparison between normal blood and sampled tissues. RESULTS: There were 7 stage I, 18 stage II, 7 stage III, and 1 stage IV breast cancer cases; 33 of 33 cancer cases showed DNA fingerprint differences between blood and primary tumor (P <.0001). This test predicted 100% of positive nodes. No false-negatives occurred, and in two cases malignancy was detected in histologically negative nodes. Three of the 12 controls showed a single similar band change. CONCLUSIONS: DNA fingerprinting is a method for detecting and characterizing genetic alterations specific to an individual patient's primary tumor in 100% of cases tested. These specific changes were also identified in 100% of positive nodes, proving the capacity of the test to detect metastases.

Alu Elements↗
PubMed1994

Application of DNA fingerprinting in the Hokkaido brown bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis).

DNA fingerprinting employing a minisatellite Myo probe was used for individual identification and paternity determination in Hokkaido brown bears (Ursus arctos yesoensis). We used two restriction enzymes, HinfI and HaeIII to make DNA fingerprints. Band patterns obtained from randomly selected bears were compared with each other, and the probability x that fragment in an individual was also present in the other was 0.69 for HinfI and 0.83 for HaeIII. The value for HinfI (0.69) was similar to that obtained from other species, such as dog and domestic animals, and the mean probability of all fragments was calculated to be 2.5 x 10(-2). The results suggest that DNA fingerprinting applying the combination of HinfI and Myo is available for individual identification. On the other hand, the ability to determine paternity seemed to be insufficient owing to the lack of paternal fragments, although the band patterns reflected the correct relationships between child and father.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Individual-specific DNA fingerprinting in man using the oligonucleotide probe (GTG)5/(CAC)5.

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) associated with interspersed simple repetitive DNA arise from DNA fragment lengths that contain variable numbers of the repeated motifs. Using restriction enzymes with different 4 base pair recognition sites and the simple triplet repeat hybridization probe, (GTG)5/(CAC)5, DNA multilocus fingerprints can be obtained in man. Only the DNAs of monozygous twins show indistinguishable banding patterns. Since the bands are inherited according to Mendelian laws, DNA fingerprints can be used for identification of individuals and paternity analysis. The discriminatory power in the DNA fingerprinting technique in forensic science is demonstrated and examples of paternity testing are given.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed1995

Identification and minisatellite linkage analysis of SMXA recombinant inbred strains of mice by DNA fingerprinting.

SMXA recombinant inbred (RI) strains of mice were produced by systematic inbreeding from the F2 generation of a cross between two progenitor inbred strains, A/J and SM/J, which differ considerably with respect to many characteristics, and consists of 28 inbred strains. In this study, we investigated the applicability of DNA fingerprinting with M13 phage DNA to the identification of these closely related strains. DNA fingerprints of the SMXA RI strains and their progenitors, SM/J and A/J, showed strain-specific patterns, with the same banding patterns within each strain. Linkage analysis by using strain distribution patterns of minisatellite loci with 108 genetic markers containing microsatellites, biochemical and immunological marker genes allowed 23 minisatellite loci to be assigned to 11 chromosomes. The results suggested that DNA fingerprinting with M13 phage DNA is applicable not only for strain identification but also for genetic monitoring of RI strains on almost all chromosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Fingerprinting of cell lines by directed amplification of minisatellite-region DNA (DAMD).

The development of in vitro propagation of cells has been an extraordinary technical advance for several biological studies. The correct identification of the cell line used, however, is crucial, as a mistaken identity or the presence of another contaminating cell may lead to invalid and/or erroneous conclusions. We report here the application of a DNA fingerprinting procedure (directed amplification of minisatellite-region DNA), developed by Heath et al. [Nucleic Acids Research (1993) 21: 5782-5785], to the characterization of cell lines. Genomic DNA of cells in culture was extracted and amplified by PCR in the presence of VNTR core sequences, and the amplicons were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. After image capture with a digital camera, the banding profiles obtained were analyzed using a software (AnaGel) specially developed for the storage and analysis of electrophoretic fingerprints. The fingerprints are useful for construction of a data base for identification of cell lines by comparison to reference profiles as well as comparison of similar lines from different sources and periodic follow-up of cells in culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

DNA fingerprint analysis in acute leukemias.

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis by Southern blotting or direct in-gel hybridization is a routine procedure in any genetic laboratory. Minisatellites and simple repeat probes for RFLP analysis have proved to be highly informative genetic markers, depending on their degree of homology and index of heterozygosity. Several of these probes have considerable individualization potential, thus yielding 'fingerprint' pattern. In the setting of acute leukemia DNA fingerprint (DNA-F) analysis is able to provide considerable information concerning the genetic instability of the leukemic clone. DNA-F is capable of detecting randomly occurring genetic alterations of unknown localization and to identify new hotspots of malignant transformation. As DNA-F analysis is not likely to be hampered by the effects of chemotherapy or DNA methylation, altered fingerprints may be regarded as characteristic of the leukemic clone. With the introduction of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and increasing sensitivity, DNA-F analysis is likely to be of significant importance in monitoring minimal residual disease in human leukemia.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed2002

DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from epidemiologically linked case pairs.

DNA fingerprinting was used to evaluate epidemiologically linked case pairs found during routine tuberculosis (TB) contact investigations in seven sentinel sites from 1996 to 2000. Transmission was confirmed when the DNA fingerprints of source and secondary cases matched. Of 538 case pairs identified, 156 (29%) did not have matching fingerprints. Case pairs from the same household were no more likely to have confirmed transmission than those linked elsewhere. Case pairs with unconfirmed transmission were more likely to include a smear-negative source case (odds ratio [OR] 2.0) or a foreign-born secondary case (OR 3.4) and less likely to include a secondary case <15 years old (OR 0.3). Our study suggests that contact investigations should focus not only on the household but also on all settings frequented by an index case. Foreign-born persons with TB may have been infected previously in high-prevalence countries; screening and preventive measures recommended by the Institute of Medicine could prevent TB reactivation in these cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Behavioral correlates of male mating success in a multisire flock as determined by DNA fingerprinting.

The fertility of an individual rooster within a multi-sire flock may be influenced by a number of behavioral considerations, including frequency and timing of matings and the male's position in the social dominance hierarchy. The relationship between behavior and fertility has proven difficult to assess, however, because there are a limited number of heritable morphological traits that can be used to determine paternity. The objectives of the present study were to use DNA fingerprinting to determine paternity in domestic fowl and to assess some behavioral and physiological correlates of mating success. Sixty day-old chicks from each of two commercial breeds, DeKalb White Leghorn (L) and Warren Color-Sexed (W), were reared in either same-breed or mixed-breed groups. At 43 wk of age, all females and six randomly selected males were mixed into one large pen. Male aggressive and mating behaviors were recorded over a 4-mo period. Fertility of individual sires was determined by DNA fingerprinting and pedigree analysis of chicks. Dominance rank and the frequencies of both completed matings and mating attempts were positively correlated with fertility (P less than .01). In addition, wing flapping was correlated with both dominance (P less than .001) and fertility (P less than .05). There was no correlation between fertility and plasma testosterone. There were breed effects on dominance status, with W dominating L. Multiple paternity was demonstrated in 4 out of 10 families by DNA fingerprinting. The present study is the first one to demonstrate a correlation between dominance and fertility in a flock containing several males of the same breed and morphology.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Measurement of genetic parameters within and between turkey lines using DNA fingerprinting.

An experiment was conducted to estimate genetic parameters in six experimental and five commercial primary breeding turkey lines using DNA fingerprinting. Eighteen individual DNA samples per line were digested with an HaeIII restriction enzyme and hybridized with Jeffreys' 33.6 probe. The DNA fingerprints were analyzed with computer programs to measure band sharing (BS) and band frequencies. Within lines, BS ranged from 0.39 to 0.62 and reflected the history of the experimental lines. Among lines, BS ranged from 0.21 to 0.33 with an average of 0.26. The BS among the experimental lines reflected known relationships. All lines were subdivided based on indices of population subdivision. About 26 hypervariable loci were estimated from band frequencies. Average heterozygosity and genetic variability estimated from band frequencies were significantly different among lines and displayed a result very similar to the BS among lines. Genetic distance indices among lines were also significantly different and reflected known relationships between the experimental lines. The experimental selected lines displayed lower genetic diversity than did the other lines. The parameters measuring genetic diversity within lines had higher correlation coefficients among them than did the parameters between lines. The computer program used in this study made DNA fingerprinting easier to use in population analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Identification and characterization of strains of Bacillus thuringiensis by genomic fingerprinting using biotinylated phage M13 DNA].

Genomic DNA of the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis was analyzed by the genomic fingerprinting technique. The biotin-labeled single-stranded DNA of the phage M13 was used as a marker of hypervariable sequences. A procedure for analyzing the differentiation among various Bacillus thuringiensis strains was developed. Characteristic patterns of fingerprints were obtained for several strains, the main representatives of subspecies that are most frequently used in the manufacture of bacterial insecticides, such as subsp. thuringiensis, subsp. kurstaki, and subsp. galleriae. Because no essential differences were revealed in band patterns upon comparing fingerprints of crystal-producing bacterial strains with those of acrystallic mutants, it was assumed that the loss of crystal-producing ability in the insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis is not connected with significant rearrangement of its genome.

Bacillus thuringiensis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spatial heterogeneity of Escherichia coli DNA fingerprints isolated from cellulitis lesions in chickens.

Avian cellulitis in broiler chickens is characterized by subcutaneous lesions that result in economic losses because of the partial or complete condemnation of the carcasses at processing. Escherichia coli is the primary causative agent of this condition. Previous research with a biotyping system found that the E. coli of cellulitis origin were unique to each ranch, suggesting that these E. coli were endemic within the ranch environment. The objective of our study was to analyze the genetic variability of E. coli isolates associated with cellulitis. We analyzed the genetic relatedness of the isolates in relation to the houses, ranches, and complexes in which the broilers were grown. This analysis enabled us to assess the spatial heterogeneity, or genetic diversity on a spatial scale, of the isolates. Forty-nine broilers with cellulitis lesions were necropsied. These broilers came from six houses on four ranches on three complexes that had been placed with chicks from the same hatchery within a 2-wk period. Isolates of E. coli from the lesions were DNA fingerprinted by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Relatedness among isolates was determined with the Dice coefficient and an unweighted pair group method with average linkages cluster analysis. The complexes possessed isolates with a variety of DNA fingerprints, yet each complex appeared to have isolates with a unique set of DNA fingerprints. Isolates from the same complex tended to form clusters with similarity coefficients greater than 90%. Isolates from different complexes were genetically distinct. This heterogeneity at the level of the complex suggests that isolates were not disseminated from a source common to the complexes. The spatial heterogeneity of the E. coli isolates in this study implies an endemic population of cellulitis-associated E. coli exists in the broiler house environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Identification of herba taraxaci and its adulterants in Hong Kong market by DNA fingerprinting with random primed PCR].

DNA fingerprinting for Taraxacum mongolicum and its adulterants of six species of Compositae was demonstrated with random-primed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) including arbitrarily-primed PCR (AP-PCR) and random-amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD). Distinctive genomic fingerprints from DNA of Taraxacum mongolicum and its adulterants were generated with two long (20-24 mer) and one short (10 mer) random-chosen primers Taraxacum mongolicum can be distinguished from six adulterants according to the banding patterns of their amplified DNA on agarose gels. Moreover, that Taraxacum mongolicum and its adulterant are unrelated. The Similarity Indexes values of the genomic fingerprints. Results showed AP-PCR and RAPD might be used for identifying Chinese drugs.

Asteraceae↗
PubMed2001

[Genetic diversity of a natural population of Sinorhizobium meliloti, detected during analysis of a cryptic plasmid and ISRm2011-2 fingerprints].

Fifty-six natural strains of alfalfa nodule bacteria were isolated from samples of the soil under wild legume and alfalfa in two different field sites of Irkutsk oblast. Based on the results of analysis of plasmid profile, 11 different types of strains were detected, and 43 types were identified based on the results of hybridization with the insertion sequence element ISRm2011-2. Significant differences were found in the plasmid profile and IS fingerprints between strains isolated from the soil under alfalfa and the soil under legume. In contrast, strains growing at some distance from each other differed only in the IS fingerprints. From a comparison of results obtained in the assessment of plasmid profile and in analysis of IS fingerprints with results of RFLP analysis in strains, the conclusion about the transference of cryptic plasmids between strains and genetic rearrangements in strains of this population was drawn.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed2001

The molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in Caracas, Venezuela, with IS6110 DNA fingerprinting.

In this retrospective study we asses the molecular epidemiological situation of Tuberculosis of the city of Caracas, Venezuela in the year 1994, applying IS6110 DNA Fingerprinting of clinical isolates. Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of sixty-four patients TB patients from all the 5 districts of the city revealed fifty-one distinct IS6110 patterns. Isolates from 20 patients (30%) had fingerprints that were shared with at least one other patient. Based on this sampling we conclude that at least a third of the tuberculosis cases in Caracas in the year 1994 were the result of recent and ongoing transmission, indicating micro-epidemics in the town.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1998

Analysis of genetic diversity in Chinese sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] germplasm using DNA amplification fingerprinting.

The genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships in a representative sample of Chinese sweetpotato collection were assessed using the DNA amplification fingerprinting approach. DNA fingerprint profiles were developed for all 42 accessions tested. There were 19-26 bands for each accession and an average of 20.7 such bands were polymorphic. Chinese sweetpotato germplasm tested exhibited a high degree of genetic diversity. Phenetic analysis revealed five major clusters with the following components: (1) landraces from Guangdong Province, (2) landraces from Fujian province, (3) Chinese cultivars, (4) those closely related to Japanese sweetpotato cultivars, and (5) those closely related to the US sweetpotato cv. Nancy Hall. The genetic association observed between accessions was largely consistent with the known pedigree records. The DNA amplification fingerprinting may provide reliable insights into the domestication history of the sweetpotato crop and may be useful in germplasm enhancement.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2002

Contact tracing using DNA fingerprinting in an asylum seeker with pulmonary tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of tuberculosis in asylum seekers is followed by contact tracing, which is routinely performed by the Municipal Health Service (MHS). We investigated cases of tuberculosis whose symptoms became apparent after closure of regular contact tracing. METHODS: Analysis of data from the DNA Fingerprinting Surveillance Project on all Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and contact tracing instances. RESULTS: Four additional cases of tuberculosis were detected, caused by bacteria of identical DNA fingerprints. No further contacts with a bacteriologically confirmed form of tuberculosis were found around these four new patients. CONCLUSION: DNA fingerprinting contributed to tracing instances of late manifestations of tuberculosis transmission.

Contact Tracing↗
PubMed2003

[Variation of mini- and microsatellite DNA repeats in parthenogenetic lizard Darevskia armeniaca as revealed by DNA fingerprinting analysis].

Population and family samples of two morphological forms (mutant and normal with respect to dorsal color) of pathogenetic lizard Darevskia armeniaca were examined by means of DNA fingerprinting using M13 mini- and (GATA)n and (TCC)n microsatellite DNA markers. The morphological forms examined were characterized by clonally inherited, species-specific patterns of the DNA markers, which were different from the species-specific DNA fingerprints of the other parthenogenetic species of the genus Darevskia (D. dahli. D. unisexualis, and D. rostombekovi). The mean index of similarity (S) obtained for a sample of 36 individuals from three isolated populations using three types of DNA markers was 0.966. This was similar to the variability level observed in D. dahli (0.962) (P > 0.05), but higher than that in D. unisexualis (0.950) (P < 0.05) and D. rostombekovi (0.875) (P < 0.01). Inheritance of M13 minisatellite and (TCC)n microsatellite DNA markers in the F1 offspring of parthenogenetic lizards was examined. It was shown that variability and clonal diversity of the fingerprint phenotypes observed in the populations and families of D. armeniaca could be at least partly explained by RFLP mutations in microsatellite repeats.

Animals↗