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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Afterword to Krazy: George Herriman's Krazy Kat cartoon and its appeal to E. E. Cummings.

George Herriman's "Krazy Kat," a linguistically innovative and trenchant comic strip that appeared in newspapers from 1916-1944, attracted the attention of our major American poet, e. e. cummings, who wrote a foreword to a collection of the strips and admired it for its transcendent celebration of love over egoism in a triadic relationship, its scorn of politics, and its brick-throwing irreverence. Similarities between Cummings's and Herriman's work include language play, humorous voices, examinations of dimensions of empathy and theory of mind, musicality, and humanistic religiosity.

Empathy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[REBEn in the context of the history of Brazilian nursing: the significance of remembering Dr. Glete de Alcântara].

This is a Social History study which aims at recuperating the professional trajectory of Glete de Alcântara in the Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem/REBEn (Brazilian Journal of Nursing), initially called Anais de Enfermagem. It is based on the concept of memory of Maurice Halbwach, and on the concept of generation of Daniel Pécaut. The study contextualizes the professional development of Glete de Alcântara in the history of the Brazilian nursing, highlighting the creation of the Nursing School of the University of São Paulo (EERP/USP) in Ribeirão Preto. The sources for the study were documents obtained in the Centro de Memória da Escola de Enfermagem (Memory Center of the School of Nursing) of Ribeirão Preto and in ABEN (Brazilian Association of Nursing) in Brasília. Data obtained in this association were mainly collected from its record books the journals.

Brazil↗
PubMed2003

Social representation of Hansen's disease thirty years after the term "leprosy" was replaced in Brazil.

Based on the theories of social representation (SC) and Central Core (CC), a structural study was undertaken regarding the neologism hanseniase (Hansen's disease), the term adopted by Brazil's Ministry of Health in the 1970s. Carried out during 2001, this study interviewed eight hundred housewives residing in the Rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias municipalities. It found that Hansen's disease is part of a process of modernization of common thinking, anchored in the additional representation of leprosy. This finding is understandable from the perspective that the central structure of a social representation has a historical determination, so short -and middle-term changes are not to be expected. Furthermore, there has been no ongoing investment in social marketing to make the new terminology more widely known. The authors discuss the relation between social representation and the concept of the history of mentalities.

Brazil↗
PubMed1995

Could you starve to death in England in 1839? The Chadwick-Farr controversy and the loss of the "social" in public health.

The public health field has long been pulled in two directions, either toward a narrower biomedical mission to control infectious disease or toward a broader mission to address the social and economic factors that adversely affect health and wellbeing. This paper explores as an instance of this tension an 1839 controversy between the statistician William Farr and the pioneering sanitary reformer Edwin Chadwick on the role of starvation as a cause of death. Farr thought hunger contribution significantly to many deaths; Chadwick wanted Farr to concentrate on the diseases from which people actually died. The paper then considers what the "constitutional" disease theories, which underlay Farr's concerns, implied for public health using medical testimony on child labor in industrial revolution factories as an illustration. An exploration of this constitutional medicine may help provide a "useable past" for modern public health workers interested in broadening the scope of public health.

England↗
PubMed1999

Paradigms in epidemiology textbooks: in the footsteps of Thomas Kuhn.

This article attempts to contribute to the debate on the future of epidemiology by combining Thomas Kuhn's ideas on scientific paradigms with the author's observations on some epidemiology textbooks. The author's interpretations were based on his readings of Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, epidemiology textbooks, and papers on the future of epidemiology. Thomas Kuhn's view is that sciences mostly work with a single paradigm driven by exemplars of successful work, and that proposals for paradigm change are resisted. Sciences that are maturing or changing do not have a dominant paradigm. Epidemiology textbooks showed diversity in their concepts, content, and approach. Most exemplars related to etiologic research rather than public health practice. One key focus of the recent controversy regarding the role of epidemiology has been the increasing inability of epidemiology to solve socially based public health problems. Kuhn's views help explain the polarization of views expressed. Kuhn's philosophy of science offers insights into controversies such as whether a paradigm shift is needed or imminent and the gap between epidemiology and public health practice. Interaction between science philosophers, epidemiologists, and public health practitioners may be valuable.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMed1992

Dr. DeWees.

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History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1994

Dr. John Clark.

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England↗
PubMed1990

Contributions to the history of psychology: LXXI. "Purkinje phenomenon": the genesis and the early uses of the term in French, German, and English.

In an earlier note (Brozek, 1989) regret was expressed that Zusne's valuable book Eponyms in Psychology (1987) did not provide information on persons who coined the eponyms as well as on the time and place in which they were introduced into the scientific literature. The present report provides such information for the term "Purkinje phenomenon." In French it was used by J. Macé de Lepinay and W. Nicati in 1882, in Germany by Ewald Hering in 1895, and in English by J. B. Haycraft in 1897.

Color Perception↗