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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Blood viscosity, glycaemic control and retinopathy in insulin-dependent diabetes.

1. In a cross-sectional study, 32 insulin-treated diabetic patients had elevated low shear (27.1 vs 22.1 mPa s, P less than 0.05) and high shear blood compared with 10 non-diabetic controls. After correction to 45% packed cell volume, the abnormality had a tendency to be greater in patients with proliferative (mean low shear viscosity, 30.8 mPa s) than background (29.2 mPa s) or nil/minimal retinopathy (27.6 mPa s, 0.05 less than P less than 0.97, permutational trend test). 2. The fibrinogen levels were higher in the diabetic group (P less than 0.05) and correlated with the low shear blood viscosity (rs = 0.38, P less than 0.05). 3. In a prospective study, 74 insulin-treated diabetic patients with background retinopathy were randomized into two groups. Thirty-six patients were on attempted improved therapy (A group); in these the mean glycosylated haemoglobin (Hb A1c) fell within 1 year (11.6 to 10.1%, P less than 0.001). both the corrected low shear blood and plasma viscosity fell similarly (P less than 0.001). The fall was greater than in those patients who were kept on usual therapy (U group) and whose glycosylated haemoglobin did not change significantly (11.7 to 11.4% over the year. 4. The effect of diabetes on blood viscosity may not be a direct pathological factor, as the same increased viscosity would be produced by a mean increase of 1.7% in packed cell volume, compared with a population range of 14% packed cell volume.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of blood viscosity in the development and progression of coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: Although a great deal of attention has been directed to the risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, relatively little research has been focused on the role of the circulating blood itself. OBJECTIVES: To review the possible role of increased plasma viscosity and decreased cellular deformability in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. SUMMARY: Increased plasma viscosity or decreased erythrocyte deformability may reduce blood flow in areas where blood flow is already low, such as at arterial branch points and bifurcations as well as in advanced coronary artery narrowing. Further, these factors may favor the development and progression of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease through direct mechanical effects on either the vascular endothelium or existing atheromatous plaques. Beyond their potential direct effects, each may represent a common link between recognized risk factors and the resulting disease process. CONCLUSIONS: Accumulating evidence suggests that increased blood viscosity is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic heart disease and its complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The effect of low-osmolar ionic and nonionic contrast media on human blood viscosity, erythrocyte morphology, and aggregation behavior.

The effects of three low-osmolar radiographic contrast media (CM)--two nonionic (iohexol, iopamidol) and one ionic (ioxaglate)--on red blood cell (RBC) morphology and aggregation behavior, as well as on blood and plasma viscosity, have been studied. Blood taken from normal, healthy individuals and from patients with uremia was investigated. The authors controlled for the effects of dilution, ionic and nonionic hyperosomolality, and specific chemotoxicity. With ioxaglate, the normal biconcave RBC morphology was fairly well maintained. Iohexol produced a mixture of more-or-less normal cells and echinocytes, while iopamidol yielded only echinocytes. Irregular RBC aggregates have been frequently associated with the presence of echinocyte morphology. In the case of ioxaglate, the capacity of normal blood for rouleaux formation was preserved. This appeared to be compatible with an only moderate decrease in low shear viscosity values. In comparison to the normal control group, RBCs from patients with uremia were clearly more sensitive for hyperosmolar stress. It can be concluded that, in contrast to the nonionic CM, the ionic dimeric compound ioxaglate seems to protect human RBCs against hyperosmolar stress by a mechanism unknown at the present.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1988

[Nocigenic changes in the blood viscosity indices of rats].

One-minute subcutaneous nociceptive stimulation increased arterial pressure by 15-20 mm Hg in Wistar rats. The 20-min. stimulation altered rheological properties of the blood: the hematocrit, the plasma viscosity and protein concentration, the erythrocyte aggregation velocity, the utmost tension of shift, and the viscosity of the blood standardized by hematocrit--all these parameters increased. These changes are rather unfavourable for flowing properties of the blood. The changes of the blood rheological properties were reflex-based, the problem of compensatory shifts is discussed.

Animals↗